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Roianova, I. .
    The concept of demilitarized territories as a means of the United Nations preventive diplomacy measures [Електронний ресурс] / I. Roianova // Evropsky Politicky a Pravni Diskurz. - 2020. - Vol. 7, Iss. 5. - P. 6-13. - References : p. 12-13
   Перевод заглавия: Концепція демілітаризованих територій як засіб заходів превентивної дипломатії ООН

УДК	341.7:341.123

РУБ DOI: 10.46340/eppd.2020.7.5.1

Аннотация: The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the concept of formation of demilitarized territories (buffer zones) within the framework of the United Nations preventive diplomacy measures. The idea of preventive diplomacy was first formulated by the second UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld in 1960 and acquired special significance at the end of the twentieth century, which was, to some extent, due to the end of the ”Cold War”. In the article, UN preventive diplomacy as an activity that aims to prevent conflicts in the world or, if they occur, to limit the spread of conflicts is regarded. The fact that the creation of demilitarized zones is one of the measures of preventive diplomacy, which is implemented by the UN Security Council in the framework of peace enforcement operations is highlighted. Thus, the goal of this article is to analyse the examples of the formation of buffer zones under the leadership of the UN Peacekeeping Forces, which shall further supervise the compliance with the regime of such zones. In particular, the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the creation of demilitarized zones in Cyprus, in Srebrenica, as well as the border areas between North and South Korea, Israel and Egypt, Israel and Syria are considered. The study of such cases allows to determine and describe the main principles of the concept of formation of demilitarized territories (buffer zones) as a highly effective preventive diplomacy measure. In other words, the essence of the concept is to prevent armed conflict and reduce military activity by moving armed forces, military equipment and weapons as well as any other military facilities outside the zone. The concept is based on such imperative principles of International Law as peaceful settlement of disputes and non-use of force or threat of force. It is necessary to mention that the concept described in this research is based on formal grounds such as resolutions of the UN Security Council, which has certain differences from legal frameworks of buffer zones creation on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements.

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Mirzoiev, R. .
    The comparative study of the concepts “transfrontier” and “cross-border” cooperation in the documents of the Council of Europe and the European Union [Електронний ресурс] / R. Mirzoiev // Evropsky Politicky a Pravni Diskurz. - 2020. - Vol. 7, Iss. 2. - P. 24-31. - References : p. 30-31. - [Автор Мірзоєв Руфат Ширзад огли був аспірантом каф. міжнародного права до 2021 р.]
   Перевод заглавия: Порівняльне дослідження понять «транскордонне» та «транскордонне» співробітництво в документах Ради Європи та Європейського Союзу

УДК	341.176(4):339.94

РУБ DOI: 10.46340/eppd.2020.7.2.3

Аннотация: The article hereof is devoted to the analysis of the meaning and correlation of the basic conceptsin the sphere of the international co-operation between local and regional authorities from thepoint of view of the Council of Europe and the European Union, that are, respectively –“transfrontier” and “cross-border” co-operation. The documents of the Council of Europe definethe international co-operation between local and regional authorities standing a commonborder as “transfrontier co-operation”, the documents of the European Union use the term“cross-border cooperation” instead. On the basis of the research the doctrinal conclusion is made, that the concept “transfrontier co-operation”, that is used in the documents of the Council of Europe, in particular, in the Madrid Convention (1980) and its Protocols, and the term“cross-border cooperation”, that is used in the documents of the European Union, have thesimilar meaning, because they stipulate the same international relations that arise on the locallevel between regional and territorial authorities under condition of the common borderexistence. The proposition is made, that the definition of the concepts “transfrontier co -operation” and “cross-border cooperation” should be presented by the Council of Europe andthe European Union jointly.

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Cherkashyna, M. .
    The concept of “unique water bodies” in the environmental law of Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] = Поняття “унікальні водні об’єкти” в екологічному праві України / M. Cherkashyna // Evropsky Politicky a Pravni Diskurz. - 2023. - Vol. 10, Iss. 3. - P. 39-55. - References : p. 50-55

УДК	349.6:502.51](477)

РУБ DOI: 10.46340/eppd.2023.10.3.2

Аннотация: The article suggests and substantiates the author’s approach to defining the concept of “unique water bodies” in the environmental law of Ukraine. It states that scientific developments in the field of water law terminology, and classification of water bodies are not final, and under current conditions, further development is necessary. After all, the legal regimes of protection, use and reproduction of water bodies depend on the clarification of their types and well-founded characteristics. The interrelation between the concepts: “especially valuable natural objects”, “especially protected natural territories and objects”, “unique natural objects” was studied. It was determined that there is no unified approach to this matter in environmental legislation. In some regulatory acts, the legislator equates the concepts of unique and especially valuable natural objects, others contain provisions according to which unique natural objects are enshrined along with especially valuable ones, but all of them are subject to special legal protection in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine. The article places emphasis on the uniqueness of water bodies because of the legal status of water (water bodies), which, firstly, constitute the national property of the Ukrainian people, and secondly, are a strategic and vital natural resource in the system of ensuring sustainable development and national security of Ukraine. The sharp deterioration of the ecological state of all ecosystems, including water ones, as well as the current ecological situation, which is characterized by an acute shortage and the population’s need for water resources of drinking quality, in today’s conditions put the ecological and social status of water bodies in the first place and demand their isolation corresponding category of water objects. By researching the views of scientists, conducting an analysis of national environmental and other legislation, the essential features of the legal concept of “unique water objects” were determined: 1) location within the territory (of an object) with a special legal status or recognition of a water object directly as an object of international agreement; 2) priority use to meet the needs of drinking and household water supply of the population; 3) exclusive use by the population for medical and recreational purposes; 4) the presence of a diversity of valuable plants, their natural communities, animals and microorganisms (together with their habitats) in the ecosystems of water bodies. It is worth noting that the presence of at least one of the above-mentioned signs is the basis for recognizing a water body as unique. The author’s legal concept of “unique water bodies” was formulated, defining them as natural or artificially created water bodies that have a special ecological and priority social importance for meeting drinking and household needs, and exceptional medical and health-improving value. It points out the importance of preserving the natural biodiversity of water bodies and maintaining the general ecological balance of the natural environment, for which a special legal regime of protection, use, and reproduction is set out with restrictions or prohibitions of activities that do not correspond to the main purpose of the water body and its significance for humans and natural environment. The need to establish a special legal status of unique water bodies, as well as the corresponding legal regimes for their protection, use and restoration, monitoring, control, and entering them into the state water registry is specified. It also emphasizes the need to conduct further scientific development of the concept “unique natural objects” and consolidate the concepts of individual types of unique natural objects in the national environmental legislation, taking into account the peculiarities of their legal regimes.

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Serhieieva, А. .
    CEPEJ Gudelines for Mediation Resolving Administrative Disputes – A Comparison between Council of Europe States and Ukrainian Perspectives [Електронний ресурс] = Wytyczne CEPEJ dotyczace rozwiazywania sporow administracyjnych za pomoca mediacji – porownanie perspektywy panstw rady Europy i Ukrainy / А. Serhieieva // Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica. - 2023. - Vol. 105. - P. 185-194. - References : p. 194
   Перевод заглавия: Рекомендації CEPEJ щодо медіації при вирішенні адміністративних спорів – порівняння між державами Ради Європи та українськими перспективами

УДК	341.62:342.9.03

РУБ DOI: 10.18778/0208-6069.105.11

Аннотация: The status of Ukraine as a candidate country for the European Union membership reinforces the need for comparative analysis between Ukrainian regulations and law of other EU Member States as well as European regulations. One ofthe fields of comparative law is a development of mediation for disputes covered by administrative law. It has already been a subject of interest and promotion to both - The EU and the Council of Europe, since European standards of democracy provide for state cooperate with citizens individuals. The aim of this article is, to examine the main provisions, recommendations and best practices of the CoE member states, and to analyse the current practice and existing gaps in Ukraine in order to develop a proposal for effective implementation in the light of the most recent CEPEJ Guidelines promoting mediation to resolve administrative disputes. A comparative overview of this type of mediation regulations may be considered as novum. As for methodology, the paper is dominated by the logical-linguistic and comparative method. So far-though Ukrainian legal system is quite compatibile with the examined CEPEJ gudelines and provide for inter-branch solutions - the development of administrative and court-administrative mediation is quite resilient and there is still much to be done not solely with legal regulations, but also.mediation culture'' in such field.

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Silchenko, S. .
    Compliance by employers with the Labor Code of Ukraine: On the issue of dismissal for improper performance of work [Електронний ресурс] / S. Silchenko, O. Sereda, D. Kravtsov, I. Zinovatna, T. Krasiuk // Social and Legal Studios. - 2023. - Vol. 6, No. 4. - P. 217-225. - References : p. 223-225
   Перевод заглавия: Дотримання роботодавцями Кодексу законів про працю України: проблема звільнення за неналежне виконання роботи

УДК	349.2:331.108.644.7

РУБ DOI: 10.32518/sals4.2023.217

Аннотация: The relevance of the study of the legal regulation of dismissal of employees for improper performance of labour duties is due to the fundamental changes and reforms in labour legislation which require a more detailed study of the social and legal aspects of labour relations. The purpose of this study is to get acquainted with the procedure for dismissing employees, especially in the form of disciplinary proceedings for improper performance of duties. The study used a theoretical methodological approach, the method of legal hermeneutics, a formal legal, methodological approach, the method of deduction, the method of induction. In the course of the study, the characteristic aspects of labour relations in general, the specific features of the employment contract, and the procedures for dismissal for violation of relevant labour obligations in the framework of disciplinary proceedings were analysed. Modern judicial practice was considered, which provides an opportunity to analyse theoretical provisions in their reflection in the real practice of law enforcement in Ukraine to describe this particular procedure for dismissing an employee more thoroughly. The results of the study also identified certain problems in this area that may interfere with its effective functioning. These problems are related to the contradictory interpretation of legal norms regulating the procedure for dismissing an employee for improper performance of official duties. Therefore, to resolve this conflict of laws issue, the practice of the Supreme Court was considered, and the current legislation was analysed, which helps to provide explanations on all the features of the procedure for dismissing an employee legally. The study provides practical guidance for Ukrainian employers on how to properly dismiss employees for non-performance, ensuring compliance with the law, clear criteria for decision-making and the necessary documentation.

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Golovashevych, O. .
    Comparative characteristics of approaches to resolving tax disputes in Ukraine and Great Britain [Електронний ресурс] / O. Golovashevych, A. Kotenko, I. Krynytskyi, M. Kucheryavenko // Journal of Global Business and Technology. - 2023. - Vol. 19, Iss. 2. - P. 1-13. - References : p. 11-13. - [DOI відсутній]
   Перевод заглавия: Порівняльна характеристика підходів до вирішення податкових спорів в Україні та Великобританії

УДК	347.73:336.22](477+410)

Аннотация: The article considers certain aspects of building a strategy for resolving tax conflicts in Great Britain and compares it with the regulatory regulation of these processes in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the tax conflict initially manifests itself in the mismatch of interests of the taxpayer and the state, and its natural development becomes its development into a tax dispute, the traditional ways of solving which in the majority of countries of the world are administrative and judicial appeals. It is emphasized that the taxpayer can freely choose the appeal path immediately after receiving the tax notice decision. A significant emphasis in the article is made precisely on the foreign experience of resolving tax disputes, and the characteristics of legal instruments and constructions different from those available in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of the means of unifying approaches in resolving very similar tax disputes in Ukraine and Great Britain was carried out. The joint functional purpose of the precedent approach used in Great Britain and the institute of exemplary cases implemented in Ukraine in recent years is emphasized. The similarity of the purpose of the precedent approach and exemplary cases with the purpose of the mechanism of general tax consultations in the aspect of increasing the efficiency of resolving tax disputes is characterized.

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Biliaiev, O. .
    Contractual dynamics in Ukrainian civil law regulation [Електронний ресурс] = Dinâmica contratual na regulamentação do direito civil ucraniano / O. Biliaiev, A. Isaiev, N. Korobtsova, I. Puchkovska, V. Yanyshen // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 237-256. - References : p. 254-256
   Перевод заглавия: Договірна динаміка в українському цивільно-правовому регулюванні

УДК	347.4(477)“364”

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-12

Аннотация: The research delves into the evolving contractual dynamics within Ukrainian civil law amid European integration, quarantine measures, and martial law. Focusing on the balance between individual rights and the broader civil legal framework, the study seeks to assess the current Civil Code of Ukraine and proposes enhancements to safeguard individual rights during challenging periods, such as martial law. Various research methods were used in the study, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction, generalisation, abstraction, and formal legal research. As a result, the author has established that the current system of civil law provisions is characterised by certain shortcomings which affect certain types of activities of the subjects of these relations. The authors highlight that the process of European integration, the introduction of quarantine restrictions, and martial law in Ukraine had the most significant impact on the formation of problematic issues in the system of national civil legislation. As such, the study focuses on the general problem of regulating civil relations, namely, the legal status of a private person, as well as on specific aspects of this issue, contractual regulation and amendments to existing rules. Based on this, the author argues that the priority for addressing these issues is the development of new laws and modifications to the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine.

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Kaplina, O. .
    Standards for ensuring the legality of covert activities in criminal proceedings through the prism of European Court of Human Rights [Електронний ресурс] = Os padrões para garantir a legalidade de atividades encobertas em processos penais através da prática do Tribunal Europeu dos Direitos Humanos / O. Kaplina, A. Tumanyants, I. Krytska // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 217-236. - References : p. 234-235
   Перевод заглавия: Стандарти забезпечення законності негласної діяльності у кримінальному судочинстві крізь призму Європейського суду з прав людини

УДК	343.1:[341.645:341.231.14](4)

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-11

Аннотация: The article deals with the implementation of covert activities in criminal proceedings through the prism of international acts, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. The purpose of the article is to analyse the relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights (particularly, on the application of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights in the context of covert action in criminal proceedings), and on this basis to identify the standards for conducting covert investigative actions and to determine the impact of these standards on the legislation of certain European countries. The general philosophical basis of the study was formed by axiological and hermeneutical approaches. In particular, the first one allowed to carry out a value analysis of the fundamental human right to privacy and to assess the impact of covert investigative activities in criminal proceedings on its implementation. Meanwhile, the second made it possible to apply an in-depth study and interpretation of the legal texts of the European Court of Human Rights judgments and the legislation of particular states. When building the system of covert action standards, we used the systemic and structural method, as well as the logical research method and the method of legal modelling with. The analysis of the legal positions of the ECtHR made it possible to conditionally single out the following standards for ensuring the legality of the implementation of covert activity in criminal proceedings: (1) predictability; (2) warranty against abuse; (3) verifiability; (4) exclusivity; (5) proportionality of the intervention and its expediency; (6) inadmissibility of tacit interference in the communication of some subjects.

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Yaroshenko, O. .
    Protection of the Rights of Workers of Industrial Enterprises by International Humanitarian Law (on the Example of the War in Ukraine) [Електронний ресурс] / O. Yaroshenko, N. Melnychuk, O. Moskalenko, R. Prokopiev, Y. Yaryhina // Comparative Law Review. - 2023. - Vol. 29. - P. 73-96. - [2 статті з однією назвою, опубліковані в різних виданнях]
   Перевод заглавия: Захист прав працівників промислових підприємств міжнародним гуманітарним правом (на прикладі війни в Україні)

УДК	349.2:341.231.14]:341.3

РУБ DOI: 10.12775/CLR.2023.003

Аннотация: The purpose of the research is to assess the state of protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises from the viewpoint of both international and national legislation in the conditions of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. The research was conducted using qualitative analysis, formal-legal, logical-legal, system-functional methods, as well as the method of interpreting legal norms (method of legal hermeneutics). The paper states the insufficient effectiveness of the norms of modern international humanitarian law regarding the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The paper describes the general and special regime of regulation of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. For the first time, the authors proposed to understand the protection of the rights of individuals by international humanitarian law in both a broad and a narrow sense, and the meaning of such approaches was revealed. The publication developed recommendations for the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of armed conflicts, recommendations which are important for the development of regulations, which indicates the practical significance of the paper.

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Zaitsev, O. .
    Separate issues regarding compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage [Електронний ресурс] = Questoes distintas relativas a indemnizacao por danos morais (nao pecuniarios) / O. Zaitsev, A. Shut, I. Shumilo, O. Kostiuchenko, I. Miroshnykov // Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo Atual. - 2023. - Vol. 4, No. 42. - P. 668-685. - References : p. 683-685
   Перевод заглавия: Окремі питання щодо відшкодування моральної (немайнової) шкоди

УДК	343.122:347.51

РУБ DOI: 10.21902/Revrima.v4i42.6555

Аннотация: Objective: The article is aimed at studying certain issues of legal regulation of compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage. Methods: The methodological basis of the research on the indicated topic is a set of used general scientific and special legal methods. These methods complement each other taking into account the research topic, which in turn contributes to objective analysis. Among the methods of research on the topic of this article, it is worth highlighting dialectical and semantic methods, the method of system analysis, and the method of analogy, comparative legal and historical methods. Results: Is to study and analyse the current legislation to identify the possibility of compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage to an individual who has suffered from a criminal offence at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine, with further formulation of possible conditions and procedure for compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage to an individual caused by a criminal offence at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. Conclusion: The article is devoted to the investigation of the possibility of compensation (compensation) of moral (non-property) damage to an individual who suffered from a criminal offense at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. The definition of the concept of moral (non-property) damage caused to an individual by a criminal offense is formulated. The content of moral (non-property) damage and the conditions for its reimbursement are analyzed.

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