<.>U=343.1$<.>

Kaplina, O. V..
    Using the samples of human biological materials in the criminal procedure: the practice of the european court of human rights [Текст] / O. V, Kaplina, O. H. Shylo, I. A. Titko // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2019. - Vol. 72: Issue: 8 . - P. 1576-1581
   Перевод заглавия: Использование образцов биологических материалов человека в уголовном процессе: практика Европейского суда по правам человека

УДК	343.1(477)(094.4)

Аннотация: Introduction: The use of modern advances in medicine to investigate crimes has caused a number of problems that require scientific reflection. In particular, today there are quite acute questions: medical intervention without the persons consent; forced sampling of human biological materials; clinical methods, the use of which in the biological samples taking will not be regarded as violation of international standards of human rights protection; the correlation of the need for the formation of DNA profile databases and the right of the person to non-disclosure of medical information. The aim: The aim of this work is to identify and analyze the key points of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter referred to as the ECHR) regarding the peculiarities of retention and use of human biological material samples in the investigation of crimes, and the retention of such materials after the completion of the investigation and trial. Material and methods: In the preparation of the article, scientific works, the provisions of international normative acts regulating the use of human biological materials as well as the practice of the ECHR concerning the use of human biological materials in the investigation of crimes were used (8 decisions were analyzed in which the ECHR concerned the use of biological samples or related issues). In the research process to achieve the goal, a complex of general scientific and special methods of cognition was used, in particular, the comparative legal method, the system and structural method, the method of generalization, the method of analysis and synthesis, etc. Review: The positions of the ECHR concerning the following were distinguished and generalized: a) the criteria for the permissibility of compulsory medical intervention for taking of human biological material within the framework of the crime investigation; b) the possibilities of spreading the right not to incriminate oneself on the compulsory taking of human biological materials samples; c) the retention features of cell samples and DNA information in the context of respect for the right to non-interference in the persons private life. Conclusions: Obtaining and using the human material for the investigation of crimes are not a violation of the European Convention on Human Rights (hereinafter - the Convention), subject to the requirements stated in the practice of the ECHR. Keywords

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Motoryhina, M. G..
    Legal regulation of cooperation in the field of forensic medical examination in criminal proceedings between Ukraine and the Republic of Poland [Текст] / M. G. Motoryhina, Bespalko I. L., V. V. Zuiev // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2019. - Vol. 72, Issue:12 cz 2. - P. 2615-2619
   Перевод заглавия: Правовое регулирование сотрудничества в области судебно-медицинской экспертизы в уголовном процессе между Украиной и Республикой Польша

УДК

343.13

ББК Х629.341.311 + Х623.211.84
РУБ DOI: 10.36740/WLek201912237

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: Introduction: The first task of forensic medical examination is to identify the actual data that can be used by health authorities when developing preventive measures of various types of injuries, poisoning, sudden death, as well as hurdles to provision of medical care to patients. The second challenge is to assist law enforcement bodies in cases related to crimes against life, health, person dignity and public health in general. In this case, there is often an urgent need to conduct forensic medical examinations with the participation of foreign experts, including the composition of joint groups. The aim: is an investigation of the procedure and grounds for the cooperation in forensic medical examinations in case of objects' examination that relate to the crimes committed in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: nearly 300 law enforcement acts for the period of last 6 years in Ukraine were analyzed concerning the subject of the study, as well as legislation of Ukraine and Poland. The framework of research methods is including dialectical, formal-logical, systematic-structural, hermeneutical, comparative-legal and generalization ones. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The cooperation in the field of forensic medical expertise in criminal proceedings between Ukraine and the Republic of Poland is quite formal, which does not promote the effective use of the results of experts' professional activity in Criminal proceedings.

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Shepitko, M. .
    Counteraction to miscarriage of justice in Ukraine [Текст] / M. Shepitko // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2019. - Issue: 2. - P. 96-105
   Перевод заглавия: Противодействие судебной ошибки в Украине

УДК

343.1

343.11

ББК Х893.8
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-2.3-a000015

Аннотация: Investigation of crimes against justice in Ukraine is among topical problems of miscarriage of justice. Hundreds of criminal cases are recorded as a crime in the Official Register in Ukraine but only a few have been brought to the court. In this article we try to approach this problem in three ways: from the point of view of criminal law, criminal procedure and criminalistic measures of counteraction to miscarriage of justice. Such an approach helps to demonstrate problems of investigator, prosecutor and judge at different stages of criminal proceeding. Special attention is paid to specific regulation of the issues of criminal proceedings against a certain category of persons, including judges. Mistakes of representatives of law enforcement bodies become visible as a result of analyzing of real criminal cases. Such an analysis is aimed to disclose the problem of counteraction to miscarriage of justice in Ukraine.

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Vapniarchuk, V. V..
    Proof in the Science of the Criminal Process in Ukraine: Conceptual Approaches to Understanding the Essence [Текст] / V. V. Vapniarchuk, O. V. Kaplina, M. Y. Shumylo, A. R.Tumanyanc // International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology. - 2021. - Vol. 65, Issue 2-3. - P. 205-220 . - Ранний доступ онлайн: август 2020 г. Опубликовано: февраль 2021. Рік індексації: 2020 (для Web of Science); 2021 (для Scopus)
   Перевод заглавия: Доказательство в науке об уголовном процессе в Украине: концептуальные подходы к пониманию сути

УДК

343.14

ББК Х629.34
РУБ DOI:10.1177/0306624X20946924

Аннотация: With the reformation of Ukrainian criminal procedural legislation and the conviction of individual scholars in the necessity of applying a methodological approach to scientific research, new ideas on the nature and procedure of criminal procedural evidence have started to emerge in the domestic scientific literature. The purpose of the paper is to distinguish scientific concepts to criminal procedural proof and substantiation of the expediency of isolation and use of the complex and systemic approach. This study of criminal procedural proof was performed using a methodological approach, the essence of which is to change the attention of the researcher from the object as such to the means and methods of their own thought. The application of an activity-based methodological approach in scientific research allows us to further develop other conceptual ideas about criminal procedural proof, which will contribute to a deeper and more complete study of this legal phenomenon.

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Ovcharenko, O. .
    Judge lustration in Ukraine: national insights and european implications [Текст] / O. Ovcharenko, T. Podorozhna // Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 4. - P. 226-245
   Перевод заглавия: Люстрация судьи в Украине: национальные идеи и европейские последствия

УДК

342.56

343.11

ББК Х629.01
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-3.4-a000037

Аннотация: This article primarily focuses on the Ukrainian judge lustration, analysed from diverse aspects. Ukraine's legal lustration framework engenders two legal acts- the Law On Restoring Trust into Judicial Power in Ukraine (2014) and the law On Purification of Government (2014). Social feedback on adopting these Laws, their key objectives, provided instruments and efficiency issues are discussed. This research particularly scrutinises the fundamental European lustration standards, referencing a few European countries' experiences: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland. Deep insight into national lustration procedures is given, considering the European Court of Human Rights' relevant rulings and the Ukrainian Constitution's provisions. Remarks on whether all lustration laws comply with the Ukrainian Constitution are offered. Addressing the High Council of Justice's precedents, a judicial body entitled to verify the judges' lustration results, an in-depth empirical analysis of those procedural results are provided. Overall, Ukrainian lustration embodies a unique phenomenon due to strong social demand formalized in specially designed regulation.

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Kaplina, O. .
    Proportionality of interference with the right to peaceful enjoyment of property during the seizure of property in criminal proceedings in Ukraine [Текст] / O. Kaplina, S. Fomin // Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 4. - P. 246-264
   Перевод заглавия: Соразмерность помех на право мирного использования имущество во время ареста имущества в уголовном производстве Украины

УДК

343.1

ББК Х629.3
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-3.4-a000038

Аннотация: This article considers relevant science and law enforcement practice issues of state intervention's legitimacy in the right to peaceful property enjoyment in criminal proceedings during property seizure. These issues are considered everywhere through international instruments' prism, particularly the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights (ECHR) and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention and the ECtHR case-law. Based on the ECtHR case law, the authors analyze the conditions under which the state may interfere in exercising a protected right, often called criteria for intervention. Based on the fact restrictions are permissible if they are prescribed by law, necessary in a democratic society and pursue a legitimate goal, the authors consider these conditions through the lens of national law enforcement practices of Ukrainian criminal proceedings. The authors emphasize the relevance of these criteria of the legality of individual rights restriction in criminal proceedings since when applying for property seizure, the Ukrainian legislator requires investigating judges to consider reasonableness and restriction proportionality of property rights, and apply the least onerous seizure method, not suspend or excessively restrict a person's lawful business activities, or other consequences significantly affecting others' interests. Due to the amendment of the Ukrainian criminal procedure legislation, the practice is slowly approaching the European Court of Human Rights practice's European standards. However, proper systematic, logical and consistent court decisions limiting the human right to peaceful property possession remain critical. Based on the study, the authors offer a model of logical reasoning, following which the investigating judges can correctly formulate the motivational part of the decision to satisfy or deny the request for property seizure. Particular attention is paid to the reasonableness, suitability, necessity, and proportionality of the means of restricting the right to peaceful enjoyment of the property and describes each of them.

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Basysta, I. .
    Protection and risks of illegal divulgation of banking secrecy in ukrainian criminal proceeding [Текст] / I. Basysta, I. Shepitko, O. Shutova // Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 4. - P. 298-305
   Перевод заглавия: Защита и риски незаконного разглашение банковской тайны в уголовном производстве Украины

УДК

343.1

ББК Х629.3
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-3.4-n000042

Аннотация: The authors contribute to the national reform discussion to improve Ukrainian society's banking system confidence, approaching the European standards of financial services. Public confidence in banks focuses on performance, necessary for financial institutions, but negative feedback from the media, relatives, acquaintances regarding banks has bred significant mistrust. Among the root causes of an unflattering bank, image engenders the financial institution's inability to ensure customer information confidentiality regarding the banking secrecy. This article reviews the protection and illegal disclosure risks of banking secrecy, access to it within criminal proceedings, legal uncertainty of the Laws of Ukraine 'On Banks and Banking' and 'On Currency and Foreign Exchange Transactions, and proposed elimination method. Also provided are particular risks and recommendations for dealing with bank secrecy's apparent risks to continue improving adequate bank secrecy disclosure compliance with the FATCA Agreement.

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Shylo, O. H..
    European standards for assessing the health of a person who probably sustained mistreatment during detention or custody [Текст] / O. H. Shylo, N. V. Glynska, O. I. Marochkin // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Iss. 12 . cz. 2. - P. 2921-2926
   Перевод заглавия: Европейские стандарты оценки здоровья человека, который, вероятно, подвергся жестокому обращению во время содержания под стражей или заключении

УДК	343.126.15

РУБ PubMed ID:33611304

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Khotynska-Nor, O. Z..
    Alcoholism as a professional disease of the representatives of justice [Текст] / O. Z. Khotynska-Nor, L. M. Moskvych // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Iss.12 , cz 2 . - P. 2934-2939
   Перевод заглавия: АЛКОГОЛИЗМ КАК ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЕ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ ПРАВОСУДИЯ

УДК

343.162

РУБ PubMed ID:33611306

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: The purpose of the research is to summarize the leading experience of European countries on the protection and prevention of the alcoholism problem among judges, attorneys and prosecutors as representatives of justice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The subject under discussion has been considered based on sources on this issue (scientific publications, legal acts, decisions of judicial and quasijudicial institutions), using the method of content analysis, comparative and contrastive, analytical and biblio-semantic methods. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Analysis of existing statistics as well as decisions of the disciplinary bodies of justice indicates the predisposition of justice representatives to alcohol dependency, which is caused by a number of reasons. Based on medical research, it is substantiated that stress is the determining factor in prompting a justice officer to use alcohol as a means capable of exerting an antidepressant effect. But in addition to quickly de-stress, alcohol is attractive for its availability. We refer such availability as: financial, social and psychological, corporate, territorial, legislative one. It is argued that among the representatives of justice alcoholism has a harmful effect not only on their health. It has a negative impact on professional discipline and is fraught with de-ethicalization of representatives' of justice behavior. The alcohol dependence of justice officials can cause doubts on their competence, hold them accountable and undermine public confidence in the credibility of justice.

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Iemelianenko, V. V..
    Coerced sterilization as a reproductive rights violation [Текст] / V. V. Iemelianenko, A. Gornostay, N. Maslak // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Iss. 12, cz. 2. - P. 2902-2908
   Перевод заглавия: Принудительная стерилизация как нарушение репродуктивных прав

УДК

343.126.1

РУБ PubMed ID33611301

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: To outline and systematize the issues related to violations and restrictions on the realization of the right to reproduction. To develop propositions and recommendations on improving the prevention and combating various manifestations of coerced sterilization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Theoretical basis for studying this issue includes scientific publications, research of the legislative systems of different countries, the conclusions of international non-governmental organizations. The authors of the paper have also taken into account international regulations, including UN Conventions and Directives, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), as well as analytical data provided by international organizations. Determinants in the study of this problem are the analysis, synthesis and generalization of the experience and legislative base of foreign countries, which are closely related to formal and comparative methods. Systematic, structural, dialectical and statistical methods have been also used in this paper to substantiate the problem of sterilization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The most radical decision to refuse from reproduction is surgical sterilization (defertilization). It can be classified as voluntary, forced and coerced. The problems of preventing and combating coerced sterilization are among the most difficult ones. Bribery and mental coercion of persons in order to obtain consent for sterilization are either not regulated by law and do not entail any liability, including criminal, or even are part of the state government policy to regulate the number of citizens in overpopulated countries, HIV-infected people, including prisoners or transgender people.

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Tyshchenko, O. I..
    Features of application of precautionary measures for persons suffering from mental disorders: National dimension [Текст] = Особливості застосування запобіжних заходів щодо осіб, які страждають на психічні розлади: національний вимір / O. I. Tyshchenko, I. A. Titko // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 1. - P. 147-161

УДК

343.13

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.27(1).2020.147-161

Аннотация: The paper investigates topical issues of application of precautionary measures against persons subject to criminal proceedings for the application of compulsory psychiatric care in the context of international standards and interpretative practice of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse the specific features of applying precautionary measures to a person suffering from a mental disorder based on the materials of generalization of domestic law enforcement practice in criminal proceedings regarding the application of compulsory psychiatric care. Research methods are selected with consideration of the purpose, objectives, and subject of research. General scientific and special methods of scientific cognition (dialectical, statistical, comparative law, analysis, synthesis, generalization) were used in the work. The integrated use of these methods has contributed to an objective and comprehensive scientific study. Based on the analysis of the current legislation and judicial practice, the specific features of application of preventive measures in criminal proceedings regarding compulsory psychiatric care are singled out, namely: a) they are applied to a person suffering from a mental disorder; b) are selected only in criminal proceedings concerning the application of compulsory psychiatric care; c) have a specific purpose conditioned by the presence of a mental disorder from which the person suffers. The specifics of the applying the measures envisaged by Art. 508 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the CPC) allowed to question the legitimacy of the legislative approach as to their allocation to the institution of precautionary measures in criminal proceedings. In particular, it was concluded that in contrast to the general purpose of application of precautionary measures stipulated by Art. 177 of the CPC (concerning the suspect, the accused, the condemned), for the purpose of applying precautionary measures envisaged by Art. 508 of the CPC (concerning a person in respect of whom the application of compulsory psychiatric care is stipulated) are: 1) prevention of risks of their possible illegal behaviour; 2) provision of qualified psychiatric care to them; 3) ensuring the person’s safety and the safety of others. In this regard, it should be noted that the position of the domestic legislator on the possibility of applying precautionary measures to persons suffering from mental disorders is subject to reasonable criticism of the legal community. The main argument in this debatable issue is that these persons cannot be subjects to which precautionary measures are applied, as the latter, according to the general rules, can be applied to clearly defined subjects of criminal proceedings - suspects, accused, and convicts.

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Moskvych, L. .
    Application of innovative approaches to video segmentation in a criminal process [Текст] / L. Moskvych, Y. Riepina, K. Shcherbinin // Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Systems (CoLInS 2021) : 5th International Conference, Lviv, Ukraine (22-23 April 2021). - Lviv, 2021. - Vol. 1: Main Conference. - P. 1792-1805. - (CEUR Workshop Proceedings ; Vol. 2870)
   Перевод заглавия: Застосування інноваційних підходів до сегментації відео у кримінальному процесі

УДК

343.1:004

Аннотация: Video data segmentation, processing, analysis and indexing of segmentation results in time and space are proposed to improve the efficiency of systems for metric search and recognition of dynamic visual information in databases with a query 'ad exemplum'; declared the possibility and usefulness of using video segmentation, based on the analysis of multidimensional time series, in the criminal process, emanated on the need to introduce innovative technologies into the criminal process.

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Shylo, O. H.
    The role of the Supreme Court in the mechanism of ensuring the sustainability and unity of judicial practice: some aspects [Текст] = Роль Верховного Суду в механізмі забезпечення сталості та єдності судової практики: окремі аспекти / O. H. Shylo, N. V. Hlynska // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 3. - P. 128-141

УДК	343.15:347.991

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.27(3).2020.128-141

Аннотация: One of the means of ensuring the stability and unity of judicial practice is the decision of the Supreme Court, which deviates from the conclusion on the application of the rule of law in such legal relations. The current criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine clearly regulates the procedure for such a derogation, which is generally in line with the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and international recommendations in this area. However, this procedure has immanent significant features that require scientific analysis of the current procedural form in this segment with regard to its adequacy to the needs of ensuring the right of everyone to a fair trial and society’s expectations for reasonable predictability of court decisions. In view of this, within the framework of this study, the categories “unity” and “sustainability” of judicial practice as a subject of provision by the Supreme Court was carried out. To achieve this purpose, the authors used a set of modern general and special legal methods. The study considers the procedural order for the Supreme Court to deviate from the conclusion on the application of the rule of law in such legal relations; the legal nature of the issue of the hierarchy of legal positions of the Supreme Court is analysed. It is established that the key idea embodied by the legislator in the statutory model of the procedure for deviating from the opinion on the application of the rule of law is that the possibility of such a deviation from the opinion, depending on the composition of the court in which it was adopted and determines the “higher degree of significance” of such a conclusion and its application in further judicial practice. These areas were studied with the consideration of the recommendations of the Advisory Council of European Judges, as well as the relevant practice of the Supreme Court.

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Shylo, O. H..
    Legal means of procuring the unity application of the criminal procedure law [Текст] = Правові засоби забезпечення єдності застосування кримінального процесуального закону / O. H. Shylo, N. V. Hlynska // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 2. - P. 156-169

УДК

343.1

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.27(2).2020.156-169

Аннотация: Ensuring the unity of judicial practice is the implementation of the legal certainty principle, which is considered as the part of the rule of law, ensures the predictability of court decisions. At the theoretical level, the issues of the unity of judicial practice are mostly the subject of research in the context of judicial reform and the judiciary, but comprehensive research on this issue in the field of modern criminal justice is almost absent. The purpose of the study is to establish a system of legal means to ensure the unity of judicial practice. The methodological basis of the study was based on general and special methods, namely: dialectical, systematic, formal-legal and logical methods. The authors provide a brief overview of the theoretical provisions that determine the socio-legal value of the unity of law enforcement practice. The concept of “unity of judicial practice” in the field of criminal proceedings is analyzed and it was emphasized the usage of the approach of understanding the unity of judicial practice as a synonym of equal (adjustment) application of procedural and material norms in homogeneous categories of court decisions, which are adopted in the course of criminal proceedings. It is established that the limit of permitted differences in the application of the law is quite flexible and informal. It is established that the quality of the law cannot be assessed in isolation from the practice of its application. The authors also emphasize the instrumental role of judicial practice in the general mechanism of ensuring uniformity of law enforcement. A position was expressed on the role of explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court in the general mechanism of ensuring the unity of judicial practice. It is established that the system of legal means to ensure the unity of application of the law in the field of criminal proceedings consists of a set of interrelated elements. The results of the study can be used in further scientific development of the problem of ensuring the unity of judicial practice, scientific substantiation of proposals aimed to improve the current legislation of Ukraine, which regulates the issues that have become the subject of this research.

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Kaplina, O. V..
    Interrogation of minor and juvenile witnesses in criminal proceedings: Current state and prospects for improvement [Текст] = Допит малолітніх та неповнолітніх свідків у кримінальному провадженні: актуальний стан та перспективи удосконалення / O. V. Kaplina, O. P. Kuchynska, O. M. Krukevych // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 3. - P. 268-276

УДК

343.1

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.268-276

Аннотация: The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve the procedure for obtaining information provided by minors and juvenile witnesses during interrogation regarding the circumstances known to them in criminal proceedings at the litigation stage, while ensuring the best respect for the children's interests. The authors employed philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods of cognition, which allowed conducting a detailed analysis of the procedure for interrogating minor and juvenile witnesses at the litigation stage. To develop scientific proposals for improving the legislative regulation of the interrogation of minor and juvenile witnesses during the litigation, the study defined the principles of child-friendly justice that must be observed during this procedural action, as well as the guarantees stipulated by the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine and aimed at implementing international standards for ensuring the rights of minors in criminal proceedings. The authors of this study state that the legislative definition of requirements imposed separately on the teacher, psychologist, and doctor involved in the interrogation of minor or juvenile witnesses, as well as the procedure for involving such persons by the court and the pre-trial investigation body, would considerably improve the quality of the required aid to minor witnesses and would meet international standards. The study analyses the international practices concerning the introduction of the institution of representation in the litigation of pre-recorded testimony of minors and juvenile witnesses. The authors established that the introduction of such an institution is absolutely justified and will have an exceptionally positive effect both for minor and juvenile witnesses, as well as for the process of proof, and can be implemented in Ukrainian legislation. Scientific proposals have been developed to improve the legislative regulation of the interrogation of minor and juvenile witnesses during court proceedings.
Актуальність дослідження зумовлюється необхідністю удосконалення процедури отримання відомостей, які надаються під час допиту малолітніми та неповнолітніми свідками щодо відомих їм обставин у кримінальному провадженні під час судового розгляду, із забезпеченням якнайкращого дотримання інтересів дітей. При проведенні дослідження авторами використовувались філософські, загальнонаукові та спеціальнонаукові методи пізнання, які дали можливість провести детальний аналіз процедури допиту малолітніх та неповнолітніх свідків на стадії судового розгляду. З метою розроблення наукових пропозицій щодо удосконалення законодавчого врегулювання проведення допиту малолітніх та неповнолітніх свідків під час судового розгляду визначено принципи правосуддя дружнього до дитини, що повинні бути дотримані під час проведення такої процесуальної дії, а також гарантії, визначені у КПК України та спрямовані на реалізацію міжнародних стандартів забезпечення прав неповнолітніх осіб у кримінальному провадженні. Констатовано, що визначення на законодавчому рівні вимог, які ставляться окремо до педагога, психолога та лікаря, що беруть участь у допиті малолітніх або неповнолітніх свідків, а також порядку залучення таких осіб судом та органом досудового розслідування, значно б покращило якість надання необхідної допомоги неповнолітнім свідкам та відповідало б міжнародним стандартам. Проведено аналіз міжнародного досвіду в частині запровадження інституту представництва під час судового розгляду попередньо записаних показань малолітніх та неповнолітніх свідків. Встановлено, що запровадження такого інституту є абсолютно виправданим та таким, що матиме виключно позитивний ефект як для малолітніх та неповнолітніх свідків, так і для процесу доказування, і може бути імплементованим у національне законодавство. Розроблено наукові пропозиції щодо удосконалення законодавчого врегулювання проведення допиту малолітніх та неповнолітніх свідків під час судового розгляду.

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Kaplina, O. .
    ECTHR decisions that influenced the criminal procedure of Ukraine [Текст] / O. Kaplina, A. Tumaniants // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 1. - P. 102-121 . - У WoS не зазначено: Vol. 4
   Перевод заглавия: Решения Европейской конвенция о правах человека, влияющие на уголовный процесс Украины

УДК	343.1(477)(094.4)

РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-4.1-a000048

Аннотация: As of 2020, 70 years have passed since the day of the adoption of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR), which Ukraine ratified in September 1997. It was from this date that the countdown to significant democratic transformations in Ukraine and the establishment of human and civil rights and freedoms began. In this article, the authors raise relevant issues of reforming the criminal process of Ukraine in the context of European standards. The old Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine was adopted in 1960 and was in force for almost half a century. During this time, it became obsolete and bore a significant imprint of the Soviet past, which was manifest in both the bodies that conducted the trial and had primarily repressive powers and the public interests that dominated the rights and legitimate interests of those involved in criminal justice. The conditions under which the first steps aimed at realising the importance of the Convention and the value of human rights enshrined in it took place were not easy. The path of reform processes in criminal proceedings was associated with the confrontation of the Soviet past with modern transformation. It was difficult to realise the need to harmonise national legislation with European standards of human rights and freedoms and consolidate their perception as one of the necessary conditions for Ukraine's integration into the European legal space, as well as the need for a conceptually new worldview for both the people of Ukraine and law enforcement bodies - officers, judges, and prosecutors.

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, Работа с электронной копией документа возможна только в читальном зале библиотеки

Demura, M.
    Using artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal judiciary: international experience and domestic prospects [Текст] / M. Demura, D. Klepka // Science And Innovation. - 2021. - Vol. 17, Iss. 5. - P. 95-102
   Перевод заглавия: Використання алгоритмів штучного інтелекту у сфері кримінального судової судовства: міжнародний досвід та внутрішні перспективи

УДК

343.1

РУБ DOI: 10.31207/ih.v10i2.291

Аннотация: Introduction. The world has been currently experiencing a new technological revolution, the key element of which is the transmission, processing, and use of information. One of the directions of this revolution is the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) science in various fields. Problem Statement. International experience in the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal justice and national prospects for its use. Purpose. The purpose is to study the international experience in the use of AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice and to identify possible directions for the introduction of such technologies in the domestic criminal process. Materials and Methods. The methodological framework is the dialectical, systemic, logical methods, as well as the law comparison method. Results. The analysis of national and foreign criminal procedural legislation, as well as the practice of using AI in the field of criminal procedure has shown the possibilities of using AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice. It has been proved that, given the international experience, the introduction of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine is not only a promising, but in some cases, a necessary tool to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of participators in criminal proceedings. At the same time, the most important issue is the observance of individual rights when using AI algorithms, as well as ensuring a fair trial so that everyone who has committed a criminal offense is brought to justice, no innocent person has been accused or convicted, no person has been subjected to unreasonable procedural coercion, and that proper legal procedure is applied to each participator in the criminal proceedings. Conclusions. The use of AI may significantly reduce the burden on pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutor's office, and judicial system in general. In addition to proper technical support for the use of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine, it is also necessary to introduce adequate and high-quality regulations for the use of such technologies in criminal proceedings.

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Drozdov, O. M..
    Search and removal of prohibited items from the human body: medical- procedural aspect [Text] / O. M. Drozdov, O. V. Lazukova, S. O. Shulgin // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 3048-3052
   Перевод заглавия: Пошук та вилучення з організму людини заборонених предметів: медико-процесуальний аспект

УДК

343.1

РУБ PMID: 35029578 + DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111232

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: Based on the research, to develop a scientific concept of medical and procedural aspects of restricting a person's right to physiological integrity related to the removal of prohibited items from his/her body and formulate recommendations for their implementation in law enforcement practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The empirical basis of the study were five decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the results of a survey of prosecutors, investigators, and lawyers, processing of materials of criminal proceedings. The practical evidence of the authors, their advocacy, and service in the prosecutor's office was also taken into account. To demonstrate the method of prohibited substances' concealment in a human body, a photographic image was used based on the results of the examination of a person using a scanner conducted by customs officials. The methodological basis of the research is a complex combination of general-scientific and special methods, in particular, system-structural, comparative-legal; sociological; statistical; as well as the method of generalization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The removal of evidence from a person's body is a strip search. The basis for this investigative action should be a court decision, and in urgent cases, the prosecutor. This investigative action must be carried out with the obligatory participation of a physician. To this end, it is necessary to develop an appropriate medical protocol.

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Vapniarchuk, V. V..
    Specific Features of Criminal Proceeding Regarding Criminal Misdemeanours [Текст] / V. V. Vapniarchuk, I. L. Bespalko, M. G. Motoryhina // Statute Law Review. - 2022 [в Scopus 2020]. - Vol. 43, Iss. 2. - P. 198-208
   Перевод заглавия: Особливості кримінального провадження у справах про кримінальні проступки

УДК

343.13

РУБ DOI: 10.1093/slr/hmaa006

Аннотация: The urgency of the problem stated in the article is conditioned by amendments to the criminal procedural legislation, which in a new way regulate the procedure of criminal proceedings concerning criminal offences. The aim of the article is to investigate the procedure for conducting criminal proceedings for criminal offences and to make suggestions for improving its regulatory framework. The basic approach to the study of this problem was to conduct a critical analysis of the rules of the current criminal procedural legislation, which regulate criminal proceedings for criminal offences, and to express views on rules' proper understanding and application. Based on the analysis of the features of the normative regulation of criminal proceedings concerning criminal offences, the publication comments on a number of norms of the current Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which regulate both pre-trial investigation of criminal offences in the form of enquiries and court proceedings against them; approaches to their elimination have been proposed. The materials of the article represent both theoretical and practical values. They can be used for further scientific investigation of the features of criminal proceedings regarding criminal offences, as well as for the proper understanding and implementation of law enforcement criminal proceedings.

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Kaplina, O. .
    Military justice in Ukraine: renaissance during wartime [Electronic resource] / O. Kaplina, S. Kravtsov, O. Leyba // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5, Iss. 3. - P. 120-136
   Перевод заглавия: Військова юстиція в Україні: відродження воєнного часу

УДК	343.1:344.3](477)

РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-5.2-n000323

Аннотация: In the article, the authors raise issues that are relevant for the modern legal system of Ukraine, related to the need to revive the military justice system and, in particular, military courts. The authors emphasize that during the peaceful existence of Ukraine, a dangerous illusion was formed in the society regarding the unnecessary functioning of military justice in the state, however, unforeseen realities fundamentally changed the liberal ideas of peacetime. After the beginning of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the work of many courts was completely paralyzed, the judges did not have an algorithm of actions in war conditions, they urgently left for safe cities, including outside the territory of Ukraine, leaving proceedings, documentation, unfinished cases. The study allowed the authors to come to the conclusion that in a situation of continuing armed aggression, the presence of powerful Armed Forces in the state, and when the country is forced to fight for its independence, it is the military courts that are able to ensure legality and exercise justice and judicial control in accordance with their subject jurisdiction. In order to determine the optimal model of military justice, the authors examined the genesis of approaches that existed in society and characterized its attitude to the system of military justice. They analyzed the precedent practice of the European Court of Human Rights, in the context of alleged violations of Art. 6 of the Criminal Code during the administration of justice by military courts, as well as systematized key approaches developed by the Court, which are proposed to be taken into account when restoring the system of military courts in Ukraine. In addition, the authors systematized the existing models of military justice in the world, identified correlations that, apparently, led to the rejection of military justice by some countries, provided detailed arguments about the need to restore it in Ukraine, and indicated promising directions for further scientific research in this area.

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