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Omarova, A. .
    Child homelessness and neglect in Ukraine and Poland in the 1920s: The state of the problem and legal measures to combat it [Текст] / A. Omarova // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2023. - Vol. 6 [у Web of Science не зазначено], Iss. 2 [у Web of Science не зазначено]. - P. 191-205. - References : p. 204-205 . - Early Access / Ранній доступ: MAR 2023 [для Web of Science]
   Перевод заглавия: Дитяча безпритульність і бездоглядність в Україні та Польщі в 1920-х роках: стан проблеми та правові заходи боротьби з нею.

УДК	340.15:347.63-058.862](477+438)

РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-6.2-n000211

Аннотация: Background: With Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and other problems that have arisen in recent years, the issue of Ukrainian children who find themselves in difficult life circumstances has become a significant problem. This situation demands urgent measures. For better or worse, Ukraine has experience in this regard and a history of combating the problem of child homelessness and neglect in the 1920s. Moreover, Ukraine’s neighbour, Poland, also has a history of combating the same problem in the 1920s. In this article, child homelessness and neglect in Ukraine and Poland were studied. Furthermore, legal measures to combat this problem were explored. It was useful to examine the state of the problem and legal measures to combat it to see what lessons could be learned from the successful experience in Ukraine and Poland in solving the problem of child homelessness and neglect in the 1920s. Methods: Historical and legal methods were used to study the issue effectively. This method allowed us to investigate the state of the problem in two countries at the same time and to outline the main measures that were used to combat the problem of child homelessness and neglect. The comparative method was also used to reveal the differences in combating the problem mentioned above. Results and Conclusions: Some suggestions that could be used in Ukraine to solve the problem of children who find themselves in difficult life circumstances were proposed in the conclusions.

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Antonov, M. .
    Soviet and post-soviet law: failed transition from socialist legality to rule of law [Текст] / M. Antonov, D. Vovk // Ideology and Politics Journal. - 2021. - Iss. 2 (18). - P. 4-9
   Перевод заглавия: Радянське та пострадянське право: невдалий перехід від соціалістичної законності до верховенства права

УДК

340.15

Аннотация: The question of what is to be considered as legal and antilegal is one of the central questions of legal philosophy. However, its relevance is not restricted to philosophical reasoning only—the dichotomy of legal/antilegal leads to a wide range of discussions in legal science, especially in the field of constitutional law. Political science is involved in these discussions too, since law can be instrumentalized as a means of carrying out political will. The content of this will can be evaluated as to its compliance with certain ethical principles. In this perspective, one can as well examine whether legal norms issued by holders of political power comply with such principles.

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Shygal , D. .
    Methodological principles of research of the history of development of sanitary and epidemiological legislation in Ukraine [Text] / Shygal D., S. Hotsuliak // Justicia. - 2021. - Vol. 26, Iss. 40. - P. 19-29
   Перевод заглавия: Методологічні засади дослідження історії розвитку санітарно-епідеміологічного законодавства в Україні

УДК	340.15:614.3](477)

РУБ DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/just.26.40.5318

Аннотация: The article considers the methodological principles on which the study of the history of development of sanitary and epidemiological legislation of Ukraine is based. Despite a certain specificity of the direction of scientific research, the topic of the article is quite relevant, as it concerns the selection of methods for the implementation of historical and legal research of any direction. At the beginning of the work the classification of all scientific methods into philosophical, general scientific, special-scientific and concrete-problematic is given. The main methods from each group, which can be used in studying the history of sanitary-epidemiological affairs in Ukraine, are consistently covered. The essence and significance of the dialectical method, the specifics of its application are analyzed in detail. The epistemological potential of such general scientific means of cognition as: logical, historical, statistical, chronological methods, as well as the method of system analysis are also highlighted. Among the most important means of special scientific knowledge are the comparative historical, formal-legal, logical-semantic and legal methods, method of legal modeling and so on. The main forms in which historical and legal comparison can be made during the study of sanitary and epidemiological legislation are indicated. In addition to the methods of scientific knowledge, the article analyzes the main scientific approaches to studying the development of sanitation and epidemiology in Ukraine. In particular, it is noted that it is advisable to use anthropological, axiological and sociological approaches and a number of relevant principles.

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Pavlova, O. .
    The war between Ukraine and Russia as a historical and civilizational aspect [Електронний ресурс] / O. Pavlova, I. Kuchynska, V. Gorbalinskiy, O. Volodina, B. B. Melnychenko // Trames. - 2023. - Vol. 27, Iss. 4. - P. 327-349. - References : p. 347-349
   Перевод заглавия: Війна між Україною та Росією як історико-цивілізаційний аспект

УДК	340.15:355](477)+(470+571)

РУБ DOI: 10.3176/tr.2023.4.01

Аннотация: The war that Russia started against Ukraine in 2022 shook the whole world. However, it is worth noting that the conflict has been going on since 2014, when Russia annexed Crimea and supported terrorist groups in eastern Ukraine. The study of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict is relevant for several reasons. Firstly, it is an acute political problem that affects the state of affairs in the region and relations between the two states. It not only threatens the stability in Europe, but also threatens to destroy the entire modern system of international law. Secondly, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict has deep historical roots that need to be understood in order to find ways to resolve it. Studying the history and culture of these two nations, as well as their relationship, can help us understand the causes of the conflict and how to hold Russia accountable. Thirdly, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict is an example of the relationship between two states with different political, economic, and cultural systems. The study of the conflict can help to better understand these systems and their interactions. The study of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict is a relevant and important task for politicians, scholars, and the public, as it can help find ways to achieve Ukraine’s victory, punish Russia, establish stability in the region, and prevent future conflicts. The purpose of the article is to analyze the historical retrospective of the development of Russian-Ukrainian relations and Russia’s oppression of the Ukrainian people. In addition, the author examines the current preconditions of the conflict. The article also reveals the reaction of the international community to the current conflict and all the illegal acts committed by Russia. The article also aims to suggest ways to overcome the civilizational conflict between the countries.

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Ermolaev, V. M..
    M. Hrushevsky on the constituent power of the Ukrainian people [Текст] = М. Грушевський про установчу владу українського народу / V. N. Ermolaev // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 4. - P. 16-28

УДК	340.15(477)

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.27(4).2020.16-28

Аннотация: The article notes that Ukrainian historians and jurists have the opportunity to study the rich creative heritage and new current aspects of the history of state and law-making in the works of MS Hrushevsky since the time of Gorbachev’s “perestroika”. Attention is drawn to the fact that Ukrainian historians and legal scientists have the opportunity to study the rich creative heritage and new current aspects of the history of state and law-making in the works of M.S. Hrushevsky. The study proves that modern Ukrainian researchers pay attention to the concept of “national idea”, state building of Kyivan Rus, the Cossack Republic of B.Khmelnytsky, the constitutional process of the period of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, theorganisation of the constitutional process in the works of prominent statesman, which is relevantto this day. It is emphasised that without studying this concept it is impossible to explore not onlythe history of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, but also the history of national statehood. Thestudy places emphasis on the importance of current issues of constitutional reform in Ukraine,making provision for continuity, taking into account the traditions and historical experience ofthe organisation and functioning of state power, the conceptual foundations of the exercise ofconstituent power. It is proved that the historical absence of legally regulated composition,competences, and procedures of the General, regimental and hundreds of Cossack councils gavethe tsarist government grounds to take over the right to allow or prohibit their convening,recognition or non-recognition of their decisions. Therefore, M. Hrushevsky defined thesupremacy of the people and its constituent power as the decisive factor in state formation.Hrushevsky was convinced that the “increased general material standard of living” of the people,spiritual culture, “a certain moral rigor is absolutely necessary for the success, development andfirmness of democracy… Only when the state, the community becomes not an empty sign, but areal centre of thought and will, the object of worship, religion, which it was for the ancientGreeks or Romans; only then the Great Ukraine will be built”.

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Lukianov, D. V..
    The quran in shia jurisprudence [Текст] = Коран в шиїтській юриспруденції / D. V. Lukianov, H. P. Ponomarova, A. S. Tahiiev // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 4. - P. 29-42

УДК

340.15

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.27(4).2020.29-42

Аннотация: The Qur’an is the cornerstone of the Islamic religion and law and contains the revelation of Allah to the Prophet Muhammad; therefore, it is considered the Word of God. From a legal standpoint, the Qur’an has the highest legal force and any other sources of Islamic law that contradict the Qur’an are invalid. Islamic law is represented by Sunni and Shiite schools, each of which contains its individual legal doctrines and madhhabs (legal schools). The authors see a serious shortcoming in Ukrainian studies of Islamic law due to the lack of research on Shiite legal doctrine. The purpose of this study is to cover the meaning and role of the Qur’an in Shiite jurisprudence. Therefore, to achieve this purpose, the history of the compilation of the Qur’an was investigated. Since the Qur’an is the main source of law for both directions, this study examines the specifics of the interpretation of the Qur’an in Shiite legal doctrine. In this study, using a comparative legal method, the authors were compared the differences in the interpretation of the Qur’an between Sunni and Shiite exegetes. Nowadays, Islamic law is mainly realised through fatwas of mujtahids. To achieve this level, one of the necessary conditions is knowledge of the Arabic language, knowledge of tafsirs and Tawil, knowledge of the cancelled and abolishing ayats, the history of the sending down the ayats. These aspects will be considered in the study with a brief description. Particular attention was paid to the sources of interpretation of the Qur’an in accordance with the rules of Shiite exegesis. The study pays special attention to the sources of interpretation of the Qur’an in accordance with the rules of Shiite exegesis. It is established that Shiite exegetes recognise 6 sources of interpretation. However, Sunni translators use a wider range of sources, including methods of analogy and preference. These same methods are partially recognised by Shiites and may be part of such a method as a cause. Since Shiite jurists do not allow the use of personal opinion in legal decisions, it is clear that the use of methods based on personal opinion will be prohibited in the interpretation of the Qur’an. That is why so much attention is paid to rational methods in Shiite jurisprudence.

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Honcharenko, V. D. .
    Technique of generalization of results of comparative historical and legal research [Текст] = Техніка узагальнення результатів порівняльного історико-правового дослідження / V. D. Honcharenko, D. A. Shygal // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 3. - P. 74-84

УДК	340.15:340.11

РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.74-84

Аннотация: This study investigates the technique of organising the information obtained during the comparative historical and legal analysis. The main methods of data systematisation include classification and typologization. Classification is manifested in the division of objects into certain classes and can be based on a variety of criteria. Therewith, each individual classification should be performed based only on one feature. In contrast to the classification, typologization can be performed on a set of essential features and is aimed at understanding the essence of the phenomena under study. Any historical and legal typologization depends on the selected criteria. The result of comparative historical and legal analysis can be the production of entire arrays of information, to organise which it is advisable to use methods of cluster analysis. Cluster analysis constitutes a set of techniques that allow classifying multidimensional observations, and its purpose is to create clusters – groups of similar objects. This study also provides an algorithm for using cluster analysis. All the above methods of information systematisation serve as the basis for further evaluation of the data obtained, the main element of which is an explanation. It is in the process of explanation that the essential aspects and relations of the compared historical and legal objects are covered and the internal causal relationship between the studied state and legal phenomena is established. Evaluation of the results of comparative historical and legal research does not end with a simple explanation, but can also continue in scientific forecasting, the logical basis of which is the method of modelling. The process of modelling at the stage of systematisation and evaluation of the results of comparative historical and legal research takes place in several stages, which are also covered in this study.
Стаття присвячена дослідженню техніки упорядкування інформації, отриманої у ході проведення порівняльного історико-правового аналізу. До основних способів систематизації даних, зокрема, належать класифікація і типологізація. Класифікація проявляється у розподілі об’єктів на певні класи і може містити у своїй основі самі різні критерії. При цьому кожна окрема класифікація має здійснюватися лише на підставі однієї ознаки. Типологізація на відміну від класифікації може проводитися за набором суттєвих ознак й спрямована на пізнання сутності досліджуваних явищ. Будь-яка історико-правова типологізація залежить від обраних критеріїв. Результатом порівняльного історико-правового аналізу може стати отримання цілих масивів інформації, для упорядкування якої доцільно використовувати методи кластерного аналізу. Кластерний аналіз – це сукупність прийомів, що дозволяють класифікувати багатомірні спостереження, а його метою є створення кластерів – груп схожих між собою об’єктів. У статті наводиться й алгоритм дій при застосуванні кластерного аналізу. Усі наведені способи систематизації інформації є основою для подальшої оцінки отриманих даних, головним елементом якої є пояснення. Саме у процесі пояснення розкриваються суттєві сторони й відношення порівнюваних історико-правових об’єктів та встановлюється внутрішній причинний взаємозв’язок між дослідженими державно-правовими явищами. Оцінка результатів порівняльного історико-правового дослідження не закінчується простим поясненням, а може продовжуватися також й у напрямку наукового прогнозування, логічною основою якого є метод моделювання. Процес моделювання на стадії систематизації та оцінки результатів порівняльного історико-правового дослідження проходить у декілька етапів, які також отримують своє висвітлення у статті.

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Shygal, D. .
    Evaluation of the results of the historical and legal comparison of the juvenile justice of Ukraine and Poland in the 1920s [Текст] / D. Shygal, A. Omarova // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4 , Iss. 2. - P. 67-85 . - У WoS не зазначено: Vol. 4.
   Перевод заглавия: Оцінка результатів історико-правового порівняння ювенальної юстиції України та Польщі 1920-х років

УДК	340.15(477+438)

РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-4.2-a000060

Аннотация: The methodology of comparative historical and legal research is extremely complex, as each stage puts forward a number of specific requirements for the qualification of a historian, as well as for the procedure for working with historical and legal material. However, despite the importance of comparative analysis, which consists of comparing historical and legal objects, the stage of interpreting and evaluating the results of comparative research remains the priority in the context of heuristic knowledge. However, there are still no clear algorithms by which the comparative historian can perform this task, nor is there a general understanding of the direction in which the data obtained during the historical-legal comparison should be explained. Particular difficulties arise in interpreting the results of the comparison of specific historical and legal objects such as the court and the judiciary. In this article, we try to overcome this discrepancy between the theory and practice of the comparative historical and legal method using the comparative analysis of juvenile justice in Ukraine and Poland in the 1920s, recreating the sequence of actions of a comparative historian, which lead to important scientific results. The structure of the article is determined by its main task and therefore begins with the coverage of theoretical and methodological principles of interpretation and evaluation of the results of comparative historical and legal analysis. In particular, this part deals with the main approaches to the explanation of the data obtained during the comparison of historical and legal objects, as well as the primary rules and principles of their interpretation. The next part of the article is devoted to a specific example comparing juvenile commissions of the Ukrainian SSR and juvenile courts and probation officers of Poland in the 1920s and further explanation of the information obtained. Finally, the last part of the article explores the possibilities and prospects of historical and legal forecasting at the stage of evaluating the results of a comparative study.

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