<.>DP=2024$<.>

Zaitsev, O. .
    Separate issues regarding compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage [Електронний ресурс] = Questoes distintas relativas a indemnizacao por danos morais (nao pecuniarios) / O. Zaitsev, A. Shut, I. Shumilo, O. Kostiuchenko, I. Miroshnykov // Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo Atual. - 2023. - Vol. 4, No. 42. - P. 668-685. - References : p. 683-685
   Перевод заглавия: Окремі питання щодо відшкодування моральної (немайнової) шкоди

УДК	343.122:347.51

РУБ DOI: 10.21902/Revrima.v4i42.6555

Аннотация: Objective: The article is aimed at studying certain issues of legal regulation of compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage. Methods: The methodological basis of the research on the indicated topic is a set of used general scientific and special legal methods. These methods complement each other taking into account the research topic, which in turn contributes to objective analysis. Among the methods of research on the topic of this article, it is worth highlighting dialectical and semantic methods, the method of system analysis, and the method of analogy, comparative legal and historical methods. Results: Is to study and analyse the current legislation to identify the possibility of compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage to an individual who has suffered from a criminal offence at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine, with further formulation of possible conditions and procedure for compensation for moral (non-pecuniary) damage to an individual caused by a criminal offence at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. Conclusion: The article is devoted to the investigation of the possibility of compensation (compensation) of moral (non-property) damage to an individual who suffered from a criminal offense at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. The definition of the concept of moral (non-property) damage caused to an individual by a criminal offense is formulated. The content of moral (non-property) damage and the conditions for its reimbursement are analyzed.

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Yudina, Y. V. .
    Propolis oil extract: qualitative and quantitative aspects [Електронний ресурс] = Масляний екстракт прополісу: якісні та кількісні аспекти / Y. V. Yudina, I. M. Hrubnyk, L. M. Maloshtan, D. L. Velikiy, I. G. Ohanesian, N. Yu. Bevz, O. V. Artushenko // Journal of Chemistry and Technologies. - 2023. - Vol. 31, No. 2. - Р. 309-317. - References : p. 316-317 . - ISSN 2663-2934

УДК	615.324:615.072:543:42.061

РУБ DOI: 10.15421/jchemtech.v31i2.275366

Аннотация: In this work, we studied the extraction of propolis with oils. For the experiment, we used propolis samples collected in different regions of Ukraine (Kharkiv, Sumy, Poltava, Kyiv, and Dnipropetrovsk regions) and determined their compliance with DSTU 4662:2006 "Propolis". All the samples we collected met the requirements of this standard, and a combined batch of propolis was used to obtain oil extracts. The most common vegetable oils (corn, sunflower, and olive oils) were chosen as extragents, and their quality was confirmed. The technological approach to obtaining oil extracts was based on the data of previous studies; the extraction was carried out at 60C and constant stirring for 1 hour. The obtained oil extracts of propolis were evaluated by appearance, acid and peroxide numbers, density, identification and quantification of phenolic substances. Presence of substances of phenolic and flavonoid structure was confirmed by specific reactions. As a result of the quantitative determination of the TPC in the obtained extracts it was established that the total phenolic content (TPC) in the studied oil extracts is about 4.95±0.15 %, which corresponds to the quantitative content of these biologically active substances in the propolis substance (not less than 25.0 %).
У даній роботі ми вивчали екстракцію прополісу оліями. Для експерименту використовували зразки прополісу, зібрані в різних регіонах України (Харківська, Сумська, Полтавська, Київська, Дніпропетровська області) та визначали їх відповідність ДСТУ 4662:2006 «Прополіс». Усі відібрані зразки відповідали вимогам цього стандарту, а для отримання олійних екстрактів використовували комбіновану партію прополісу. Екстрагентами були обрані найпоширеніші рослинні олії (кукурудзяна, соняшникова, оливкова), якість яких була підтверджена. Технологічний підхід до отримання олійних екстрактів базувався на даних попередніх досліджень; екстракцію проводили за 60 °C і постійному перемішуванні протягом 1 години. Отримані масляні екстракти прополісу оцінювали за зовнішнім виглядом, кислотним і перекисним числами, густиною, ідентифікацією та кількісним визначенням фенольних речовин. Наявність речовин фенольного та флавоноїдного складу підтверджено специфічними реакціями. У результаті кількісного визначення загалього вмісту фенольних сполук (ТРС) в отриманих екстрактах встановлено, що ТРС в досліджуваних олійних екстрактах становить близько 4.95±0.15 %, що відповідає кількісному вмісту цих біологічно активних речовин у субстанції прополісу (не менше, ніж 25.0 %).

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Yaroshenko, O. .
    Protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises by international humanitarian law (on the example of the war in Ukraine) [Електронний ресурс] / O. Yaroshenko, N. Melnychuk, O. Moskalenko, R. Prokopiev, Y. Yaryhina // University of Western Australia Law Review. - 2024. - Vol. 51, Iss. 1. - P. 99-115. - References : p. 112-115. - [DOI відсутній]
   Перевод заглавия: Захист прав працівників промислових підприємств міжнародним гуманітарним правом (на прикладі війни в Україні)

УДК	349.2:341.231.14]:341.3

Аннотация: The relevance of the paper is due to the increased social importance of the proper level of protection of human labour rights during armed conflicts. The purpose of the research is to assess the state of protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises both from the viewpoint of international and national legislation in the conditions of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. The research was conducted using qualitative analysis, formal-legal, logical-legal, system-functional methods, as well as the method of interpreting legal norms (method of legal hermeneutics). Currently, a national mechanism for regulating the rights of workers of industrial enterprises is operating in Ukraine during the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine within the framework of amendments introduced after February 24, 2022, regarding certain provisions of The Labour Code of Ukraine, as well as the adopted Law of Ukraine No. 2136-IX "On the organization of labour relations in the conditions of martial law". For the first time, the authors proposed to understand the protection of the rights of individuals by international humanitarian law in a broad and narrow sense, and the meaning of such approaches was revealed. The publication developed recommendations for the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of armed conflicts, which are important for the development of regulations, which indicates the practical significance of the paper.

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Yaroshenko, O. .
    Protection of the Rights of Workers of Industrial Enterprises by International Humanitarian Law (on the Example of the War in Ukraine) [Електронний ресурс] / O. Yaroshenko, N. Melnychuk, O. Moskalenko, R. Prokopiev, Y. Yaryhina // Comparative Law Review. - 2023. - Vol. 29. - P. 73-96. - [2 статті з однією назвою, опубліковані в різних виданнях]
   Перевод заглавия: Захист прав працівників промислових підприємств міжнародним гуманітарним правом (на прикладі війни в Україні)

УДК	349.2:341.231.14]:341.3

РУБ DOI: 10.12775/CLR.2023.003

Аннотация: The purpose of the research is to assess the state of protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises from the viewpoint of both international and national legislation in the conditions of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. The research was conducted using qualitative analysis, formal-legal, logical-legal, system-functional methods, as well as the method of interpreting legal norms (method of legal hermeneutics). The paper states the insufficient effectiveness of the norms of modern international humanitarian law regarding the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The paper describes the general and special regime of regulation of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. For the first time, the authors proposed to understand the protection of the rights of individuals by international humanitarian law in both a broad and a narrow sense, and the meaning of such approaches was revealed. The publication developed recommendations for the protection of the rights of workers of industrial enterprises in the conditions of armed conflicts, recommendations which are important for the development of regulations, which indicates the practical significance of the paper.

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Yaroshenko, O. .
    A comparative analysis of forced migrants’ rights abroad and in Ukraine and control over their observance under conditions of martial law [Електронний ресурс] = Primerjalna analiza pravic prisilnih migrantov v tujini in v Ukrajini ter nadzor nad njihovim spoštovanjem v pogojih vojnega stanja / O. Yaroshenko, V. Haraschuk, O. Moskalenko, G. Yakovleva, V. Svitlychnyi // Dve Domovini. - 2024. - Vol. 59. - P. 63-80. - References : p. 76-79. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/2024.1.05
   Перевод заглавия: Порівняльний аналіз прав вимушених переселенців за кордоном і в Україні та контроль за їх дотриманням в умовах воєнного стану

УДК	349.3:342.72/.73-054.73](477+4)

Аннотация: The scientific work aims to determine which rights are provided for forcibly resettled persons in Ukraine and other European countries, identifying common and distinctive features. This study uses various research methods to assess the situation of internally displaced persons in Ukraine, including their legal status, regional distribution, and rights under special conditions. It also investigates Ukrainian forced migrants’ main destinations, living conditions, rights to education and employment, and Ukrainian and host countries’ social policies on financial aid and housing.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Social security for internally displaced persons: Laws and practice [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, V. O. Velychko, L. V. Kotova, K. H. Shapovalova, M. O. Danylov // Local Development and Society. - 2024. - Published online: 18 Feb 2024. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/26883597.2024.2318579
   Перевод заглавия: Соціальне забезпечення внутрішньо переміщених осіб: Закони та практика

УДК	349.3-054.73

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Social Protection of Internally Displaced Persons: Problematic Issues of Practical Implementation and Solutions [Електронний ресурс] = Protección Social de Personas Desplazadas Internamente: Problemas en la Implementación Práctica y Soluciones / O. M. Yaroshenko, O. O. Konopeltseva, I. A. Vetukhova, T. V. Koliesnik, M. M. Klemparskyi // Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum. - 2023. - Vol. 2023, Núm. 37. - P. 157-167. - [DOI відсутній]
   Перевод заглавия: Соціальний захист внутрішньо переміщених осіб: проблемні питання практичної реалізації та вирішення

УДК	349.3:364-054.73

Аннотация: In recent decades, the world community has paid considerable attention to the task of ensuring the protection of persons who, due to violent conflicts, massive violations of human rights, or other unpredictable and tragic events, are forced to leave their homes against their will. In 2014, Ukraine faced such an extraordinary problem. The war in eastern Ukraine and the occupation and annexation of Crimea by Russia led to the fact that many people were forced to leave their homes and move to safer places in the country or to other states. As a result of such internal migration activity, Ukraine entered the top ten countries in terms of the number of internally displaced persons. Russia’s open military invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 caused a new surge in the mass internal displacement of the population. That is why there is an urgent need to study the issue of social protection of internally displaced persons and the problematic aspects arising in this area. The purpose of the article is to identify problems that arise when ensuring the rights of internally displaced persons and to develop ways to solve them. The methodological basis of the research is general scientific and special scientific methods, such as system-structural, structural-functional, analysis and synthesis, comparative, and formal-legal.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Peculiarities of Labour Rights Protection in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, H. V. Anisimova, R. Ye. Prokopiev, I. P. Zhygalkin, O. A. Yakovlyev // Bratislava Law Review. - 2023. - Vol. 7, No. 2. - P. 185-198. - References : p. 197-198. - [Автор Жигалкін І. П. не працює з 01.09.2021 р.]
   Перевод заглавия: Особливості захисту трудових прав у практиці Європейського суду з прав людини

УДК	349.2:[341.645:341.231.14](4)

РУБ DOI: 10.46282/blr.2023.7.2.347

Аннотация: The practice of defence of labour disputes is quite dynamic. That is why the analysis of labour rights protection in the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is quite relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyse the current case law of the European Court of Human Rights on the protection of labour rights; to analyse the ECtHR's interpretation of the concept of forced labour and the right to form trade unions; to summarise the problematic issues of the ECtHR's case law in the field of labour rights protection and ways to resolve them. The methodological basis of the study is general and special methods and techniques of cognition. The article substantiates that one cannot complain directly to the ECtHR about deprivation of the opportunity to work, denial of access to the workplace, or refusal to hire. The European Convention explicitly states only 2 rights: the right to form and join trade unions and the prohibition of forced and compulsory labour. The author explains the concepts of forced labour and the right to form trade unions and outlines the problematic issues of the European Court of Human Rights case law in the field of labour rights protection and ways to resolve them.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Payment for Non-Standard Forms of Labor and their Impact on the Economy and Social Status of Employees [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, O. Ye. Lutsenko, N. O. Melnychuk, I. P. Zhygalkin, O. Ye. Demenko // Theoretical and Practical Research in the Economic Fields. - 2023. - Vol. 14, No. 2. - P. 233-245. - References : p. 244-245
   Перевод заглавия: Оплата нестандартних форм праці та їх вплив на економіку та соціальний статус працівників

УДК	349.23:331.2

РУБ DOI: 10.14505/tpref.v14.2(28).04

Аннотация: Today in the context of the formation of a new historical phase of social development of civilization-post-industrial society-there is a de-standardization of employment, i.e. the spread of flexible and variable forms of employment, which are called non-standard. It is the modification of traditional and the emergence of completely new forms of employment that actively influence the main parameters of the labor market (demand, supply, labor price, etc.). Therefore, today, personnel leasing, outsourcing, outstaffing, remote employment, non-standard working hours, etc. can be considered fundamental innovations in the field of employment. The following methods were used during the study: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, dialectical approach, analytical thinking, abstraction, and generalization. The purpose of the study is to define the essence of precarious forms of labor, their impact on the economy and social protection of the employee, advantages, and disadvantages. Also, to investigate problematic theoretical and practical issues related to the right to remuneration in Ukraine in the context of precarious employment, in particular, to summarize the main directions of reforming legal regulation in this area.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Non-fixed working hours in the context of globalisation: the impact of international trends on Ukrainian legislation and employers' practices [Електронний ресурс] = Horários de trabalho não fixos no contexto da globalização: o impacto das tendências internacionais na legislação ucraniana e nas práticas dos empregadores / O. M. Yaroshenko, O. H. Sereda, V. M. Harashchuk, L. V. Mohilevskyi, A. M. Yushko // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2024. - Iss. 35. - P. 238-260. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(35)2024.ic-12 . - ISSN 2183-5705
   Перевод заглавия: Нефіксований робочий час в умовах глобалізації: вплив міжнародних тенденцій на національне законодавство та практику роботодавців

УДК	349.24:331.3

Аннотация: Globalisation and information technology are having an active impact on various spheres of society, from the economic sphere to labour relations. The direct impact on the labour sphere can be seen in the change in trends in the definition of working hours, as today there are more opportunities for compromise between employees and employers on setting working hours and agreeing on the possibility of non-fixed working hours. This has resulted in flexible working arrangements. This is what makes this study relevant. The purpose of this study is to identify the benefits of non-fixed working hours and to analyse the challenges faced by participants in labour relations when establishing flexible working hours in the context of globalisation. It is important to study global patterns and trends in the introduction of flexible working hours at the international level, taking into account international regulations. It is also advisable to assess the impact of international recommendations on the formation of national labour legislation in the framework of non-fixed working hours. In order to achieve this purpose, a number of methods of scientific knowledge were used, such as systematic analysis, synthesis, formal legal method, dialectical method and method of analysis of regulatory documents. The findings will serve as a basis for further research in this area and will contribute to the development of recommendations for adapting the current legislation to the realities of today, the rapid development of information technology and globalisation.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Modern trends in labor law: a comparative analysis of the EU and Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, O. Ye. Lutsenko, N. V. Karaulna, V. M. Sokolov, M. I. Zubrytskyy // International Journal of Legal Information. - 2023. - Vol. 51, iss. 2. - P. 138-149
   Перевод заглавия: Сучасні тенденції трудового права: порівняльний аналіз ЄС та України

УДК	349.2(477+4-6ЄС)

РУБ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/jli.2023.28

Аннотация: The norms of labor law that regulate the relevant relationship between the employee and the employer are constantly evolving under the influence of various factors, including society and the State. Labor law trends have become especially prominent over the past several years, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lockdown restrictions have dealt a serious blow to the labor field and have required urgent action from both companies and governments. In view of this, a number of relevant subtopics have been formed in labor relations, the study of which is of interest to the entire scientific community. The purpose of the research paper is to study the main trends that have emerged in modern labor law and their impact on the formation of the labor legislation system in Ukraine and the European Union (EU) from a comparative perspective. The article analyzes the main directions that the authors have identified as especially relevant in the development of labor relations and the legal regulation of such issues. Considering that some trends have arisen spontaneously under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, and many States were not ready for them, we have analyzed how the legislator settled such issues. The laws of Ukraine, the EU, and individual EU member States are examined here in a comparative perspective to draw upon and understand a complete picture of the modern development of labor relations in Europe and to identify the most beneficial approaches to regulating topical issues of labor law. The information obtained as a result of the study can be used to improve Ukraine’s national legislation, bring it in line with European standards, further study the issue of the modern development of labor relations, and teach and develop methodological support for educational disciplines related to labor law and social security law.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Employment of people with disabilities: European experience and ways of improvement in Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] = Empleo de personas con discapacidad: experiencia europea y formas de mejora en Ucrania / O. M. Yaroshenko, H. I. Chanysheva, N. O. Melnychuk, K. Yu. Melnyk, Yu. Yu. Ivchuk // Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum. - 2024. - Num. 38. - P. 237-254
   Перевод заглавия: Працевлаштування людей з інвалідністю: європейський досвід та шляхи вдосконалення в Україні

УДК	349.22:331-056.26:341.231.14

Аннотация: According to the norms of modern international human rights law, the concept of equality of all people in the exercise of their natural rights is approved. Ensuring the rights of persons with disability directly indicates the country development level. The purpose of this scientific article is to determine the theoretical and legal norms that directly derive from the legislative acts of national and international law on the protection of labor rights of persons with disabilities. In addition, the analysis of legal approaches of the EU and Member States to the employment of persons with disabilities is also the purpose of this article. The author analyzes Ukrainian legislation in this area and identifies legal and practical shortcomings, providing his own recommendations for their improvement. Moreover, the article analyzes European approaches to solving the relevant issue; substantiates the opinion that the approaches of other European countries are more advanced than Ukrainian ones.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Child labour in show business in Europe: legal status and protection of the rights of child actors, singers and models [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, T. Ye. Kaganovska, N. M. Vapnyarchuk, A. M. Sliusar, V. O. Velychko // JUS Rivista di Scienze Giuridiche. - 2024. - Vol. 2024, iss. 1. - P. 58-77. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.26350/18277942_000164 . - ISSN 0022-6955
   Перевод заглавия: Дитяча праця в шоу-бізнесі Європи: правовий статус і захист прав дітей-акторів, співаків і моделей

УДК	349.23-053.2:792.7

Аннотация: The right to work is one of the fundamental socio-economic rights of a person and a citizen, it is inalienable and is recognized and enshrined in international legal acts of both universal and regional character and is guaranteed by the Fundamental Laws of all states without exception. In the current conditions of society's development, there is a problem with protecting the labor rights of certain categories of workers, namely minors. A special feature is that the world society is concerned about the spread and widespread use of underage labor, in particular in the fields of show business, creativity, and entertainment. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that labor relations in show business are insufficiently regulated and studied with due regard for the specifics of this type of social activity. The purpose of the article is to study the issues of protection of the rights of minors as subjects of labor relations in show business, to determine the regulatory framework for such labor in the European Union, and also to outline the prospects for the development of the protection of labor rights of children in creative and creative professions.

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Us, M. .
    Criminological Effectiveness of the Astrent as a Legal Incentive for Judgment Enforcement [Електронний ресурс] / M. Us, S. Glotov, Y. Nosik // Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2024. - Vol. 16, No. 1. - P. [1-16]. - References : p. 12-16. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.1.1.16
   Перевод заглавия: Кримінологічна ефективність астренту як правового стимулу для виконання судових рішень

УДК	343.9:347.952

Аннотация: The enforcement of judicial decisions is a pivotal aspect of the criminal justice system. The institution of an astrent is recognized as a legal mechanism designed to motivate a debtor to comply with a judicial decision, thereby serving as a deterrent to non-compliance and as a reinforcement of the rule of law. This coercive tool, by imposing negative material consequences, is intended to ensure adherence to a verdict, which is essential for maintaining public trust in the justice system – a core criminological concern. Given the varying legal nature of the astrent across different jurisdictions, this study examines its potential introduction into Ukrainian law from a criminological perspective, analyzing its deterrent capacity within the framework of criminal justice enforcement. The research outlines the similarities and distinctions between the astrent and other punitive measures, delving into its effectiveness as a defense method and its role in bolstering the execution of judgments. It highlights specific dispute categories within the criminal justice system where the astrent could significantly enhance compliance. Critical to the adaptation of this European legal construct to Ukrainian legislation, the paper scrutinizes several foundational issues that necessitate resolution. Notably, the paper discusses the termination of the right to an astrent post-imposition, suggesting that the objective impossibility of fulfilling a judicial act – owing to circumstances emerging after the court's decision and leading to the obligation's termination as per Article 607 of the Civil Code – should be the sole ground for relieving a debtor from the astrent payment. The study's alignment with criminological interests lies in its potential to shape debtor behavior, augment the effectiveness of legal sanctions, and provide empirical evidence for policy-making in the realm of crime management and enforcement legislation. The implications for both national and international criminological scholarship are considered, with the article contributing to the ongoing discourse on the optimization of punitive measures within the justice system and their theoretical underpinnings.

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Tymoshenko, O. A..
    The Current State and Prospects for the Development of Mediation in Ukraine through the Prism of the Experience of the Countries of the European Union [Електронний ресурс] / O. A. Tymoshenko, M. O. Tymoshenko, S. Bychkova, I. Omelko, A. Matvieieva // International Arbitration Law Review. - 2023. - Vol. 26, Iss. 4. - P. 311-329. - [DOI відсутній]
   Перевод заглавия: Сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку медіації в Україні крізь призму досвіду країн Європейського Союзу

УДК	347.965.42(477+(4-6ЄС))

Аннотация: This article has researched the current state and prospects for the development of mediation in Ukraine, namely prerequisites of the emergence of the institution of mediation in Ukraine, the main achievements and shortcomings of the Law of Ukraine “On Mediation”, its comparison with foreign legal provisions for mediation, as well as the issue of mandatory mediation in certain EU countries and its correlation with the principle of the voluntary nature of the mediation procedure. The research is based on the analysis of domestic and foreign doctrinal sources, and normative legal acts, which made it possible to draw our own conclusions regarding the current state and prospects of the functioning of mediation in Ukraine. The article contains conclusions on the need to make changes to the existing regulatory framework and practice in order to realise the maximum potential of such an alternative method of dispute resolution as mediation in Ukraine.

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Tychyna, I. .
    Impact of military-applied sports on cardiorespiratory indicators of cadets in military higher education institutions [Електронний ресурс] / I. Tychyna, S. Romanchuk, A. Oderov, A. Petruk, V. Hunchenko, V. Otkydach, V. Ponomarov, M. Korchagin, S. Homaniuk, Y. Ishchenko, O. Zonov // Journal of Physical Education and Sport. - 2024. - Vol. 24, iss. 2. - P. 338-345. - References : p. 344-345. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2024.02040
   Перевод заглавия: Вплив військово-прикладних видів спорту на кардіореспіраторні показники курсантів військових вищих навчальних закладів

УДК	355:37]:796

Аннотация: According to scientists, military-applied sports uniquely embody the fundamental principle of combat training, aiming to instill in servicemen the essential skills required in warfare – a facet not replicated in other forms of physical training. Through training and competitive engagement in military-applied sports (MAS), servicemen not only acquire combat techniques and enhance physical attributes pertinent to military duties but also cultivate moral and volitional qualities such as courage, determination, self-confidence, initiative, and resourcefulness. Purpose: to determine and compare cardiorespiratory parameters of the cadets engaged in military-applied sports and those participating in the current program of sports and general physical fitness, both at rest and under the influence of physical loads. Material and Methods: Objects: 81 healthy cadets of a military educational institution. Two groups of cadets were formed: Control Group (CG1; n=41) consisting of those engaged in military-applied sports (military pentathlon) and Control Group (CG2; n=40) consists of cadets who are trained under the current general physical training program. The cadets of both groups practiced 2 times for 1 hour on weekdays, and 3 hours on weekends and holidays. The age and length of military service of cadets in both groups did not differ significantly (p>0.05). All participants of our study gave their informed consent to participate in the experiment. Research was conducted and performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. adaptation.

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Tsuvina, T. .
    The Implementation of Consensual Tenet in Modern Civil Procedure: Comparative Analysis of Court-Connected Settlement Procedures Applied in Austria, Lithuania, and Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] / T. Tsuvina, S. Ferz, A. Tvaronaviciene, P. Riener // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2024. - Vol. 7, iss. 1. - P. 26-57 ; Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2023. - References : p. 52-55. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-7.1-a000109 . - [Early Access / Ранній доступ (Published ONLINE: 20 Dec 2023). Last Published (Друкований варіант статті): 1 Feb 2024. Для Web of Science - 2023 рік видання]
   Перевод заглавия: Імплементація консенсуального принципу в сучасному цивільному процесі: порівняльний аналіз судових процедур врегулювання, що застосовуються в Австрії, Литві та Україні

УДК	340.5:347.91/.95

Аннотация: Background: In this article, the co-authors continue exploring the observable changes in the orientation of civil procedure, moving from competitive and adversarial models towards more cooperative and consensual approaches. Specifically, this work aims to disclose the peculiarities of practically implementing the principles of mutual cooperation and consensuality in civil procedure. The research delves into court-connected settlement procedures in three European countries: Austria, Lithuania, and Ukraine. Through a comparative analysis of the legal regulations and practices in the selected countries, the article evaluates the impact of the application of settlementoriented procedures on fostering a more amicable resolution of civil disputes. Methods: Research commenced with a review of the existing scientific literature, a brief historical analysis, and a document analysis concerning the legal framework of settlementoriented procedures applied in the civil process in selected countries. This work is the continuation of the previous research of the co-authors, aiming to explore how the identified global trend of the drift towards a consensual tenet in the civil procedure was reflected in the selected countries' legal legislation and practice. The Austrian, Lithuanian, and Ukrainian legal frameworks of court-connected settlement-oriented procedures were compared to acknowledge the existing variety and specifics of national approaches towards consensuality in the civil procedure in different jurisdictions. Results and Conclusions: The ideas of a more socially oriented and consensual civil procedure are implemented in the civil procedure of Austria, Lithuania, and Ukraine through the introduction of settlement-oriented methods of dispute resolution, such as court conciliation and court mediation. Despite the wide common understanding of these amicable procedures, essential differences in the theoretical understanding of the concept and its implementation in the analysed jurisdiction were identified. This research assists dispute resolution practitioners and researchers interested in better understanding the implementation of court-connected settlement-oriented procedures in different jurisdictions.

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Trofymenko, V. .
    Protection of the Civilian Population from Human Rights Violations through European Mechanisms in Wartime [Електронний ресурс] / V. Trofymenko, V. Serohin, O. Fedorchenko, R. Ovcharenko, Y. Kovalova // Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2024. - Vol. 16, iss. 2. - P. 545-559. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.2.545.559
   Перевод заглавия: Захист цивільного населення від порушень прав людини через європейські механізми у воєнний час

УДК	347.91/.95:[341.645:341.231.14](4)]“364”

Аннотация: The problem of protecting the civilian population from human rights violations in wartime becomes especially relevant in the context of current armed conflicts. The effectiveness of European human rights mechanisms plays a crucial role in preventing violations and ensuring accountability for committed crimes. The aim of the article is to study the mechanisms of protection of the civilian population from human rights violations through European institutions. The article analyses the activities of the European Court of Human Rights and other regulatory bodies responsible for human rights protection. The study’s results revealed that despite a strong legal framework and institutional structure, the efficiency of the highest instance is questionable - 50%. Statistical analysis showed the need to strengthen international cooperation and adapt existing mechanisms to the needs of the civilian population in the regions of hostilities. The study results emphasise the importance of developing and implementing new strategies for improving human rights protection. Further research should explore the possibilities of integrating the latest technologies into monitoring and recording violations to accelerate the adoption of existing enforcement mechanisms. The study’s practical significance is the analysis of the impact of international diplomatic efforts on the prevention of human rights violations in wartime.

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Tragniuk, O. .
    Legal Mechanism to Ensure the Sovereignty of a State's Membership in the EU and NATO [Електронний ресурс] / O. Tragniuk, Y. Novikov, Ye. Bilousov, M. Sych, V. Shulha // Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2024. - Vol. 16, no. 3. - P. 1299-1314. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.3.1299.1314
   Перевод заглавия: Правовий механізм забезпечення суверенітету членства держави в ЄС та НАТО

УДК

341.171(4-6ЄС):341.176(1-622НАТО)

341.176(1-622НАТО):341.171(4-6ЄС)

Аннотация: This article delves into the analysis of the legal mechanisms used to ensure the sovereignty of member states within the EU and NATO. The research methodology is not just a process but a comprehensive approach that involves analysing both organisations' essential documents and treaties and studying the practical application of legal mechanisms in different member states. The study's practical significance is not to be underestimated, as it aims to formulate recommendations for improving legal procedures that effectively enforce member states' sovereignty, thereby increasing security and stability. The article also highlights the impact of crime as a significant challenge to creating a stable society on peacebuilding and human rights. It covers the experience of EU and NATO member states in implementing and enforcing legal norms to protect national interests and sovereignty.

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Tovkun, L. .
    International experience of e-commerce taxation and its application in Ukraine (legal aspect) [Електронний ресурс] = Experiência internacional de tributação do e-commerce e sua aplicação na Ucrânia (aspecto jurídico) / L. Tovkun, M. Perepelytsia, N. Maryniv, A. Ovcharenko // Revista Juridica Portucalense. - 2023. - No. 34. - P. 92-114. - References : p. 111-114
   Перевод заглавия: Міжнародний досвід оподаткування електронної комерції та його застосування в Україні (правовий аспект)

УДК	347.73:336.22

РУБ DOI: 10.34625/issn.2183-2705(34)2023.ic-05

Аннотация: The relevance of this paper is determined by the fact that e-commerce is one of the elements of the digital market and is fully or partially conducted in the virtual space (the Internet). The main objective of this paper is to cover the content of e-commerce, study the experience of its taxation in leading countries of the world with the possibility of adapting it in Ukraine, as well as provide proposals for improving the e-commerce taxation system in Ukraine. The following methods used to study this subject can be distinguished: dialectical method, legal cognitive method, comparative legal method, formal legal method, historical method, hermeneutical method, structural and functional method, etc. In the course of the study, the content of e-commerce was considered, the international legal and national regulatory framework for its regulation was determined, the international experience of implementing e-commerce was studied, and attention was focused on the features of taxation of e-commerce entities. The provisions that are enshrined in this paper are of practical value primarily for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs who carry out their activities in the field of e-commerce, for competent state bodies that will prepare draft amendments and additions to tax legislation.

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