Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Ш143.21/S46
Автор(ы) : Semchuk N., Lykhova S., Demianenko U.
Заглавие : Using english as a foreign language when teaching subjects of the criminal law cycle
Место публикации : Asia Life Sciences. - 2019. - Iss. 2. - p.517-534
ББК : Ш143.21 + Х628.1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): assessment--criminal legal disciplines--english-speaking countries--motivation--оценка--уголовно-правовые дисциплины--англоговорящие страны--мотивация--кримінально-правові дисципліни--англомовні країни--мотивація
Аннотация: The paper analysed the experiences in a field of teaching Criminal Law cycle subjects in English. The research was held at the National Aviation University (Kyiv, Ukraine) and involved 11 first-year students and 11 second-year students majoring in “Jurisprudence’’ who study full-time (teaching is conducted in English). The purpose of the paper was to study the formation of foreign language competence by students-lawyers at the same time as the formation of general legal competences in teaching a foreign language. At the same time, the students must operate the English terminology and know the theoretical approaches to problems in English-speaking countries. After establishing the appropriate psychological and pedagogical conditions, the number of students in the experimental group having the productive and creative levels of readiness to use English in their professional activity has significantly increased compared to the control group.
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2.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания : 343.1/D39
Автор(ы) : Demura M., Klepka D.
Заглавие : Using artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal judiciary: international experience and domestic prospects
Место публикации : Science And Innovation. - 2021. - Vol. 17, Iss. 5. - P.95-102
УДК : 343.1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): artificial intelligence--штучний інтелект--искусственный интеллект--criminal process--уголовный процесс--кримінальний процес--algorithms--алгоритми--алгоритмы--pre-trial investigation--досудебное расследование--досудове розслідування--information--інформації--информация
Аннотация: Introduction. The world has been currently experiencing a new technological revolution, the key element of which is the transmission, processing, and use of information. One of the directions of this revolution is the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) science in various fields. Problem Statement. International experience in the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal justice and national prospects for its use. Purpose. The purpose is to study the international experience in the use of AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice and to identify possible directions for the introduction of such technologies in the domestic criminal process. Materials and Methods. The methodological framework is the dialectical, systemic, logical methods, as well as the law comparison method. Results. The analysis of national and foreign criminal procedural legislation, as well as the practice of using AI in the field of criminal procedure has shown the possibilities of using AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice. It has been proved that, given the international experience, the introduction of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine is not only a promising, but in some cases, a necessary tool to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of participators in criminal proceedings. At the same time, the most important issue is the observance of individual rights when using AI algorithms, as well as ensuring a fair trial so that everyone who has committed a criminal offense is brought to justice, no innocent person has been accused or convicted, no person has been subjected to unreasonable procedural coercion, and that proper legal procedure is applied to each participator in the criminal proceedings. Conclusions. The use of AI may significantly reduce the burden on pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutor's office, and judicial system in general. In addition to proper technical support for the use of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine, it is also necessary to introduce adequate and high-quality regulations for the use of such technologies in criminal proceedings.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Х623.92/P97
Автор(ы) : Pukala R., Hlibko, Serhii, Vnukova N., Davidenko D.
Заглавие : Usage of E-Тechnologies to enhance infocommunication in financing innovation
Место публикации : IEEE International Scientific-Practical Conference: Problems of Infocommunications Science and Technology, PIC S and T 2019 - Proceedings. - 2019. - p.157-160
ББК : Х623.92
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bank resources--choice--communication--e-technology--financibg method--state loans--training--банковские ресурсы--выбор--связь--финансовый метод--государственные кредиты--подготовка--электронные технологии--банківські ресурси--зв'язок--фінансовий метод--державні кредити--підготовка--електронні технології
Аннотация: The article deals with the actual issues of choosing the best way to finance innovation in the application of e-technology for improving the level of communication in the provision of educational services. The criteria of this choice are proposed and an expert evaluation is carried out. The results of the study were obtained in the Decision Making Helper © software. Priority of extrabudgetary funds in financing innovations and their influence on the general development of the investment project has been established. Examples of the application of this e-technology for determining the priority direction of development in different fields are given, which allowed to form the author's methodology of work with the program in order to acquire the competencies of users (including students in the process of learning).
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4.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 349.3/G56
Автор(ы) : Gnatenko, Karina V., Vapnyarchuk, Natalya M., Vetukhova, Irina A., Yakovleva, Galina O., Sydorenko, Anna S.
Заглавие : Ukrainian social welfare system development in the context of european integration
Параллельн. заглавия :Формування системи соціального забезпечення населення України в контексті євроінтеграції
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 4. - P.242-254
УДК : 349.3
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): соціальне забезпечення--право соціального забезпечення--социальная защита--социальная политика--соціальна політика--соціальний кодекс--declaration of social rights--social policy--the social code of ukraine
Аннотация: At the stage of development of a new social security system in Ukraine, it is important to research and study all possible models and develop recommendations for the implementation of the most effective ones. The relevance of this study lies in the investigation of the regulatory framework that operates in Ukraine and the possibilities of its improvement and reform into a more specific regulation. The purpose of the study is to examine the basics and principles of the social security system, the study of existing social security systems that operate successfully in foreign countries. To investigate and analyse the possibilities of improving the social security system, the study used specific and general scientific methods of cognition, including the method of synthesis and analysis of literature sources, review of Ukrainian and foreign regulations on social security. The methods of information collection and processing, a comparative method, were used to research the possibility of implementing the experience of European countries in the Ukrainian social security system. The study examined the existing systems and models of organisation of social assistance to the population in different countries. The models of social assistance are compared, and the advantages and disadvantages were identified. The structure and prospects of the current system of social security of the population in Ukraine were studied and analysed. The most positive examples were identified for implementation in the current legal framework in order to improve and enhance the quality of social services in Ukraine. It was established that research and analysis of foreign experience would help identify the most effective models of social security. Analysing and studying the problem would allow to explore the disadvantages and advantages of the systems of different foreign countries. With the help of a step-by-step analysis, several principles of social security were identified, which would have the opportunity to become the basis for the development of the Social Code of Ukraine.
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5.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Ч481.94/S53
Автор(ы) : Shapoval, Roman Volodymyrovych, Matulienė, Snieguolė , Juodkaite-Granskiene, Gabiele
Заглавие : Ukrainian Higher Education Law: Key Highlights and Relationships with Lithuanian Science and Study Policy
Место публикации : Pedagogika: Lietuvos eduklogijos univertetes, 2016. - Vol. 121, No. 1. - P.198-208
ББК : Ч481.94 + Х621.151.4
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): высшее образование--законодательство о высшем образовании--наука и политика--качество высшего образования--система высшего образования
Аннотация: Annotation. The article provides an overview of the Ukrainian Law on Higher Education – defined innovations, establishing a higher education organization, financing and quality assurance principles for the development of competitive human capital guidelines. The article compares these aspects between two countries, Lithuania and Ukraine, emphasizing research and studies in the sphere, giving some insight on these systems. Also authors discusses possible improvements, according to the two states existing best practices in higher education in different areas of Strategy.
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6.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Х629.2/P94
Автор(ы) : Prytyka Y., Izarova I., Kravtsov, Sergey
Заглавие : Towards effective dispute resolution: A long way of mediation development in Ukraine
Место публикации : Asia Life Sciences. - 2020. - Vol. 29, Iss. 1. - p.389-399
ББК : Х629.2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): alternative dispute resolution (adr)--dispute resolution--mediation development--state judicial system--ukraine--разрешение альтернативных споров (рас)--разрешение спора--развитие медиации--государственная судебная система--украина--дозвіл альтернативних спорів (дас)--дозвіл спора--розвиток медіації--державна судова система--україна
Аннотация: The main goal of a dispute between parties has always been its successful resolution as soon as possible and with the least cost for the parties. Unfortunately, the state judicial system does not currently provide for a time limit for the complete resolution of the case on the merits (only the terms for the court hearing are set) and the whole system of appeals leads to the fact that the decision on the subject of the dispute can come into force only a few years after the conflict has arisen. It is not surprising that during this time the relations between the parties are excessively strained. An effective alternative to the state judicial system is Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), of which one of the main procedures is mediation. The process of mediation development in Ukraine is complex and time-consuming. Such a procedure is still not perceived as the usual way of resolving disputes among society and citizens usually do not have information about the essence of mediation, its basic principles and advantages over litigation. This is the main object of our research and the focus of this article. In conclusion, the completed study leads us to conclude, that the development of mediation in Ukraine into a full-fledged social and legal institution requires a number of factors: the creation of regulatory frameworks that would regulate the organization and activity of mediation and mediators; promoting mediation by informing citizens and certain professional groups about the possibility of resolving disputes through mediation; the creation and development of professional mediators’ associations; the preparation of mediators by authorized organizations, the introduction of mediation courses in universities and educational institutions; the development of international commercial mediation.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shepitko, Mykhaylo V.
Заглавие : To the problem of structure and classifications of criminal policy formation
Параллельн. заглавия :До проблеми формування структури та класифікацій кримінальної політики
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 4. - P.282-293
УДК : 343
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): кримінальна політика--уголовная политика--криміналістичні методи--криминалистические методы--принцип законности--принцип законності--criminal executive policy--criminalistics strategy--principle of legality
Аннотация: The existence of different approaches in the understanding of criminal policy and its relationship with the political and strategic categories of sciences of the criminal law cycle return to the renewal of approaches to the formation of the structure and types of criminal policy. Given the relevance of this topic, the article is devoted to the problem of forming the structure and classifications of criminal policy. To do this, the author turned to the sciences of the criminal law cycle and their existing research on political and strategic approaches to combating criminal offences (crime). This provided an opportunity to develop their own approach to determining the elemental structure of the criminal policy, consisting of: 1) the subject, purpose, method, principles and its consumers; 2) means, environment and professional participants in its implementation. Classifications of criminal policy “vertically” and “based on criminal law classification of criminal offences according to an object” were also provided. The division of criminal policy into types allowed to indicate the relationship between criminal law, criminal executive, criminal procedural, criminological, international criminal policy and criminalistics strategy with their generic concept - criminal policy. It is also important to consider them in unity, which will form strategies, programs, plans and algorithms in combating criminal offences, achieve goals and meet the objectives of regulations. The structure of criminal policy and its classification into types provides an opportunity to consider in more detail the strategic counteraction to criminal offences by means of public and state influence on the systemic reform of criminal justice and its bodies in the long run. Establishing common approaches to understanding criminal policy among scientists in the field of criminal law provides an opportunity to form it as a science or interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary institution with an appropriate structure.
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8.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shylo O. H., Hlynska N. V.
Заглавие : The role of the Supreme Court in the mechanism of ensuring the sustainability and unity of judicial practice: some aspects
Параллельн. заглавия :Роль Верховного Суду в механізмі забезпечення сталості та єдності судової практики: окремі аспекти
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 3. - P.128-141
УДК : 343.15:347.991
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): уголовный процесс--кримінальний процес--верховний суд україни--верховный суд украины--правова позиція--правовая позиция--касаційний кримінальний суд--criminal court of cassation--sustainability and unity of judicial practice
Аннотация: One of the means of ensuring the stability and unity of judicial practice is the decision of the Supreme Court, which deviates from the conclusion on the application of the rule of law in such legal relations. The current criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine clearly regulates the procedure for such a derogation, which is generally in line with the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and international recommendations in this area. However, this procedure has immanent significant features that require scientific analysis of the current procedural form in this segment with regard to its adequacy to the needs of ensuring the right of everyone to a fair trial and society’s expectations for reasonable predictability of court decisions. In view of this, within the framework of this study, the categories “unity” and “sustainability” of judicial practice as a subject of provision by the Supreme Court was carried out. To achieve this purpose, the authors used a set of modern general and special legal methods. The study considers the procedural order for the Supreme Court to deviate from the conclusion on the application of the rule of law in such legal relations; the legal nature of the issue of the hierarchy of legal positions of the Supreme Court is analysed. It is established that the key idea embodied by the legislator in the statutory model of the procedure for deviating from the opinion on the application of the rule of law is that the possibility of such a deviation from the opinion, depending on the composition of the court in which it was adopted and determines the “higher degree of significance” of such a conclusion and its application in further judicial practice. These areas were studied with the consideration of the recommendations of the Advisory Council of European Judges, as well as the relevant practice of the Supreme Court.
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9.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 341.217/K21
Автор(ы) : Karpachova, Nina I.
Заглавие : The role of international human rights organisations in the context of the conflict in eastern Ukraine
Параллельн. заглавия :Роль міжнародних організацій із захисту прав людини в умовах конфлікту на сході України
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 1. - P.24-31
УДК : 341.217
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): conflict in eastern ukraine--victims of the conflict--hostilities--warring parties--international human rights organizations--військовий конфлікт--бойові дії--жертви збройних конфліктів--правозахисна діяльність--міжнародні правозахисні організації--жертвы вооруженных конфликтов--военный конфликт--боевые действия--международные правозащитные организации
Аннотация: The task of this paper is to study the role of international human rights organizations in response to the conflict taking place in eastern Ukraine. The study is based on recent reports from the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and the OSCE on Ukraine. The relevance of the stated topic is determined by the situation with human rights violations in the armed conflict in Ukraine and the significant role of international human rights organizations, making active efforts to resolve it. The purpose of this study is to determine the main aspects of the role that international organizations play in resolving this range of issues. This will help to identify potential opportunities to tackle the problem with human rights violations in the Ukrainian territories. The study combines quantitative and qualitative research of the entire spectrum of issues brought into the subject. The main results obtained are: analysis of the role and place of international human rights organizations in assessing the situation with the conflict in the Ukrainian territories and obtaining statistical information on the current status of human rights violations in these territories. The value of this paper lies in obtaining practical recommendations for finding ways to peacefully resolve the conflict in the East of Ukraine and implementing comprehensive measures to create conditions for the protection of human rights in this region. © 2021, National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shepitko, Valery Yu., Shepitko, Mykhaylo V.
Заглавие : The role of forensic science and forensic examination in international cooperation in the investigation of crimes
Параллельн. заглавия :Роль криміналістики та судової експертизи в міжнародному співробітництві з розcлідування злочинів
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 1. - P.179-186
УДК : 343.211
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): forensic expertise--expert knowledge--criminal investigation--forensic sciences--international cooperation--international criminal court--криміналістичні знання--судово-експертні знання--кримінальне розслідування--розслідування злочинів--судові науки--криминалистические знания--судебно-экспертная деятельность--судебно-экспертные знания--расследование преступлений--международный уголовный суд--міжнародна кооперація--міжнародний кримінальний суд
Аннотация: The application of forensic science and expertise is a necessary prerequisite for the investigation of crimes at the local and national level. Without the use of forensic science and expertise, an investigation within the framework of a criminal process becomes dead and unsubstantiated. But with the globalisation of world processes, the development of technologies, the speed of information transmission, the formation of crime outside the borders of one state and its entry into the international level has become an urgent problem, which has become a challenge in countering such crime and the need to steer forensic science and expertise towards assisting law enforcement activities. A special feature of countering the investigation of crimes was the creation of international cooperation between forensic specialists and expert witnesses even prior to the establishment of practical institutions that could counteract them in practice. Therewith, some representatives of such international unions and associations have taken serious steps in creating mechanisms for real counteraction to crimes at the international level (R.A. Reiss, G. Soderman, M.Sh. Bassiuni). Coverage of the problem of international cooperation in the investigation of crimes through the definition of the role of forensic science and expertise allowed focusing on the following blocks: 1) international associations of forensic specialists for combating crime in the historical context; 2) international criminal police organisations in combating crime; 3) international cooperation in the field of conducting forensic examinations; 4) the use of forensic and special knowledge in the activities of the International Criminal Court. Thus, a combination of theory and practice in the fight against crime is demonstrated. Historically, this is associated with the role of forensic science and expertise in recording traces of crimes, analysing them, and forming legal, forensic, and expert witness opinions. The purpose of the study is to establish the decisive role of forensic science and expertise in international cooperation in the investigation of crimes. For this, the authors turned to forensic science and expertise, historical processes that served to create substantial international organisations created to counter international crime.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 342.3/K42
Автор(ы) : Khmelko, Irina, Bruslyk, Oleksiy
Заглавие : The Rise of Powerful Executives: Comparing the Ukrainian and Russian Legislatures
Место публикации : PS-political science & politics. - 2019. - Vol. 52, Issue: 2. - P.269-270
УДК : 342.3
ББК : Х620.611.1 Х806.12
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): смешанная правительственная система--украинский парламент--президент--премьер-министр--«путинизм»--россия--украина
Аннотация: Although sharing in the pattern of losing power to powerful executives, post-communist legislatures in Russia and Ukraine differ significantly in institutional strengths, specifically in their ability to provide checks on executive power. Russia had a weak—but not powerless—parliament after the collapse of the Soviet Union (Cichock 2002, 85; Remington 2001). Research on modern Russia under Putin frequently refers to Russian society as “Putinism,” which rests on a one-man rule (Fish 2017) in which a parliament is a “rubber stamp” to a president. Ukraine, however, is a rather puzzling case. The Ukrainian parliament is a strongly institutionalized legislature capable of performing independent policy roles; however, it struggles with performing basic functions, such as legislative oversight (Khmelko 2015). At the same time, the Ukrainian president, although not as strong as the Russian president, also is gaining strength at the expense of parliament. What explains the different degrees of power that presidents were able to consolidate at the expense of legislatures in these two countries? First, countries differ in their choices of governmental systems, which allows for varying levels of power concentrated in the hands of a president. Ukraine’s post-Soviet constitutional engineering resulted in a mixed governmental system in which power was distributed among the president, the prime minister, and a parliament. Russia established a strong presidential system in the early years of its post-Soviet history, with all power concentrated in the hands of a president. Ukraine’s post-Soviet constitutional engineering resulted in a mixed governmental system in which power was distributed among the president, the prime minister, and a parliament. Russia established a strong presidential system in the early years of its post-Soviet history, with all power concentrated in the hands of a president. A second factor is the Russian “militocracy,” which is the militarization of Russian elites under Putin (Kryshtanovskaya and White 2003; Rivera and Rivera 2017). This began with Lieutenant Colonel Putin becoming the President of Russia and then methodically appointing “siloviki” (i.e., KGB and military staff) to governmental offices, which resulted in what is called the “neo-KGB state” (Economist 2007). His operatives from the ranks of the siloviki will follow orders, be loyal, and not hesitate to violate both the law and democratic practice, if necessary (Rivera and Rivera 2017). This trend of militarization in Russia and its absence in Ukraine can be associated with how presidents in these two countries resolve political conflicts. The first standoff between the Russian president and parliament, in 1993, was resolved by tanks shooting at the parliament building in Moscow. Ukraine had political crises as well, but no Ukrainian president used military force against the parliament. For example, in 1993, Ukrainian President Kravchuk resigned over conflict with Prime Minister Kuchma but did not apply military force to resolve the conflict. Instead, he signed the law “On Early Elections of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the President of Ukraine” and used the electoral process to resolve their partisan and ideological differences. These two countries also differ in the degree to which election outcomes are manipulated. The lack of free and equal elections in Russia and the weakness of opposition parties are well documented in the literature (Ishiyama and Kennedy 2001; Korgunyuk, Ross, and Shpagin 2018; White 2017). In Ukraine, however, the most recent election brought to parliament a strong pro-presidential faction and many from majoritarian districts, what Ukrainians call “buckwheat” districts. They are named thus because something like a bag of buckwheat donated to an impoverished electorate can secure a vote in those districts. (The population reasons, “At least we can get this buckwheat now, because when elected, these politicians will not do anything else for us.”) In addition, a closed-list proportional system hurts the party system in Ukraine. Parties there are led by a strong leader and the rest are usually faithful followers, known as “button pushers” on behalf of party leaders. In conclusion, Ukraine has been more successful than Russia in providing sufficient checks on the executive to prevent the country from descending into a full autocracy. The combination of governmental system, election laws, and degree of militarization appears to be important in explaining the differences in outcomes between Russia and Ukraine. Our findings are in line with Linz’s (1996a; 1996b) argument about the dangers of the presidential form of government for democratic consolidation. We add that a time lag between the collapse of the old soviet system and the development of a fully functional new system of government provides an opportunity for presidents to quickly deprive parliaments of important powers. The population indeed may obtain relief from the intense growing pains of any democratic transition, but the price in the long run is the failure of the democracy and a reversion to autocracy. The mixed governmental system divides power among multiple political institutions. This allows a parliament to maintain its institutional strength and prevent a president from assuming full power in a country. At the same time, a mixed governmental system coupled with a mixed election system allows a president to take on more power at the expense of a parliament. As a result, the parliament is weakened—but more slowly and to a lesser degree than in a presidential system.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 340.15/L96
Автор(ы) : Lukianov, Dmytro V., Ponomarova, Hanna P., Tahiiev, Akif S.
Заглавие : The quran in shia jurisprudence
Параллельн. заглавия :Коран в шиїтській юриспруденції
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 4. - P.29-42
УДК : 340.15
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): коран--ісламське право--исламское право--exegesisi--islamic law--shia law--quran
Аннотация: The Qur’an is the cornerstone of the Islamic religion and law and contains the revelation of Allah to the Prophet Muhammad; therefore, it is considered the Word of God. From a legal standpoint, the Qur’an has the highest legal force and any other sources of Islamic law that contradict the Qur’an are invalid. Islamic law is represented by Sunni and Shiite schools, each of which contains its individual legal doctrines and madhhabs (legal schools). The authors see a serious shortcoming in Ukrainian studies of Islamic law due to the lack of research on Shiite legal doctrine. The purpose of this study is to cover the meaning and role of the Qur’an in Shiite jurisprudence. Therefore, to achieve this purpose, the history of the compilation of the Qur’an was investigated. Since the Qur’an is the main source of law for both directions, this study examines the specifics of the interpretation of the Qur’an in Shiite legal doctrine. In this study, using a comparative legal method, the authors were compared the differences in the interpretation of the Qur’an between Sunni and Shiite exegetes. Nowadays, Islamic law is mainly realised through fatwas of mujtahids. To achieve this level, one of the necessary conditions is knowledge of the Arabic language, knowledge of tafsirs and Tawil, knowledge of the cancelled and abolishing ayats, the history of the sending down the ayats. These aspects will be considered in the study with a brief description. Particular attention was paid to the sources of interpretation of the Qur’an in accordance with the rules of Shiite exegesis. The study pays special attention to the sources of interpretation of the Qur’an in accordance with the rules of Shiite exegesis. It is established that Shiite exegetes recognise 6 sources of interpretation. However, Sunni translators use a wider range of sources, including methods of analogy and preference. These same methods are partially recognised by Shiites and may be part of such a method as a cause. Since Shiite jurists do not allow the use of personal opinion in legal decisions, it is clear that the use of methods based on personal opinion will be prohibited in the interpretation of the Qur’an. That is why so much attention is paid to rational methods in Shiite jurisprudence.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 343.983/S53
Автор(ы) : Shepitko, Valery Yu., Olkhovsky, Vasyl O., Shepitko, Mykhaylo V.
Заглавие : The process of scientific knowledge integration in crime prevention and trends of medical criminalistics development in Ukraine in XIX - early XX century
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Issue:1. - P.176-179
УДК : 343.983
ББК : Х629.4
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): forensic medicine--судебная медицина--судова медицина--forensic science--криминалистика--криміналістика--medical criminalistics--медицинская криминалистика--медична криміналістика--criminalistic knowledge--криминалистические знания--криміналістичні знання--medical knowledge--медицинские знания--медичні знання--molecular genetic expertise--молекулярно-генетическая экспертиза--молекулярно-генетична експертиза
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: To carry out a historical review of the formation and development of medical forensics in the XIX - early XX century in Ukraine, as well as to identify its trends at the present stage. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The article is based on the study of archival and published materials, the results of integrating expert judgments, judicial practice and regulatory acts of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, interviewing investigators and court experts. In the course of the research a system of scientific methods has been used: historical, comparative, terminological analysis, formal-logical, sociological. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In the XIX and early XX centuries, the foundations for the formation of medical criminalistics were laid, which facilitated the development of forensic medicine, criminalistics and forensic examination. Special medical knowledge is widely used in investigative, judicial and expert practice. The synthesis of medical and forensic knowledge enhanced the development of a method of personal identification, based on his/her genetic properties, the formation of molecular genetic examination, the study of individual objects at the modern level.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Petryshyn, Alexander Vitalievich, Petryshyn, Oleg Alexandrovich, Hyliaka, Oleg Sergeevich
Заглавие : The problem of non-implementation of judgements of the European court of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the rule of law (Methodological and comparanive aspects)
Параллельн. заглавия :Проблема невиконання рішень Європейського суду з прав людини в Україні в контексті верховенства права (методологічний та порівняльний аспекти)
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - p.17-24
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): basic human rights--democracy--echr--ecthr--judicial enforcement--основні права людини--демократія--єспл--судове забезпечення
Аннотация: The article is devoted to the problem of non-implementation of the decisions of the ECtHR in Ukraine in the context of the rule of law. The relevance of the subject matter is substantiated by the critical situation regarding Ukraine's compliance with its international obligations. The objective of the study is to develop a set of principles and policies to be implemented in Ukraine to strengthen the rule of law (as a fundamental democratic institute), as an essential factor for ensuring human rights in the context of re-establishing a proper international cooperation with the key European institution in the field of human rights. According to the analysis of the degree of coverage of the issue, the existing papers on the mentioned problem are rather described by point-by-point recommendations aimed at “damage control”, rather than at an in-depth resolution of the situation. The methodological basis of the research consists of the complex of general and special research methods, while philosophical methods were used to ensure the understanding of the essence, characteristics, and features of the phenomena under study. The research resulted in the development of a set of theses that demonstrate the depth of the problem under study that manifests through untimely and inconsistent normative-legal regulation, lack of tangible means of protection of human rights in Ukraine, inappropriate approach to the adoption and execution of international obligations. The authors argue in favour of the need to ensure three key aspects of the implementation of the rule of law – guaranteeing consistency of state policies and actions of officials; the formation of a stable system of administrative management; accountability, and responsibility of decision-makers. The practical relevance of the study is manifested through a set of recommendations, including the creation of a system to assess the effectiveness of reforms in terms of the rule of law; the formation of a mechanism for implementing the responsibility of decision-makers; the revision of procedures for the adoption of legal acts; the need to restart and complete the reform of the justice system, to involve NGOs in the processes of forming such; to create rules of cooperation between the state and the elites.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Borysenko, Igor V., Bululukov, Oleg Yu., Pcholkin, Valeriy D., Baranchuk, Vasyl V., Prykhodko, Vladlena O.
Заглавие : The modern development of new promising fields in forensic examinations
Место публикации : Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine. - 2021. - Vol. 7, Iss. 4. - P.137-144
УДК : 343.98:340.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): analysis of digital evidence--odor evidence analysis--polygraph--psychophysiological examinations--trace evidence analysis--criminalistics--forensic examination--криміналістика--криминалистика--судова експертиза--судебная экспертиза--сліди--докази--доказательства--следы--цифрові докази--цифровые доказательства--полиграф--поліграф (детектор брехні)
Аннотация: The relevance of the study is forensic expert activity in terms of forensic examinations have been so transformed that existing theoretical provisions do not already solve traditional problems in some fields; their solvation requires new approaches of both theoretical and practical nature. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the content of new innovative directions in forensic examinations, including criminalistic ones, and the possibility of their effective application in forensic expert activity. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, which allowed the authors to consider the theoretical and scientific, and practical foundations of modern trends in forensic examinations, including criminalistic ones. It also helped to identify promising fields of examinations necessary for crime prevention. Therefore, authors singled out the following advanced fields: biometric and computer forensic analyses, polygraph, and odor and trace evidence analyses. The materials of the article are of practical value for forensic experts and criminologists, law enforcement agencies.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bielai, Serhii V., Kobzar, Oleksandr F., Yevtushenko, Ihor V., Korniienko, Vasyl, Koba, Oleksandr V.
Заглавие : The legal regulation of service and combat activities of the security and defense sector of Ukraine in crisis situations
Параллельн. заглавия :Правове регулювання службової та бойової діяльності у сфері безпеки та оборони України у кризових ситуаціях
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.76-85
УДК : 342.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): theory of military activity--anti-terrorist security system--state governance--law enforcement agencies--national security--військова діяльність--военная деятельность--антитерористична безпека--антитерористична діяльність--антитеррористическая деятельность--антитеррористическая безопасность--державне управління--государственное управление--національна безпека--национальная безопасность--правоохоронні органи--правоохранительные органы
Аннотация: The article states that nowadays situations in Ukraine shows that the theory of military activity of law enforcement forces needs a new development in the terms of settlement of armed confrontation in separate areas of Donetsk and Luhansk areas. Therefore, the issues of regulatory and legal support of law enforcement agencies in responding to crisis situations come to the fore. The analysis of normative legal acts shows that legal norms are not formulated clearly enough and ambiguously interpreted by law enforcement agencies. Therefore, it is necessary to refine the legislative mechanism for preventing and responding to crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to comprehensively reveal the essence and features of the legal regulations of combat operations of the security and defense sector of Ukraine in crisis situations and to develop specific practical recommendations, scientifically sound proposals for improving State governance in this field. In order to research the best practices of Ukraine on the functioning of Public mechanisms of response of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to crisis situations during the Anti-Terrorist Operation and the Joint Forces Operation in some districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, an expert survey of anti-terrorist security experts was conducted. The results of the survey provided an opportunity to identify the main problematic issues in the functioning of the anti-terrorist security system and provide appropriate development proposals. The State authorities today need to focus on improving the organization of management, establishing interagency cooperation between government agencies, increasing the level of pre-training of personnel, a clear definition of tasks for law enforcement units during special operations. Areas of further research will be aimed at developing State mechanisms of responding by the components of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to crisis situations.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yaroshenko, Oleg M., Tomashevski, Kirill L.
Заглавие : The impact of COVID-19 on labour and social security relations: Rule-making experience of Belarus and Ukraine
Параллельн. заглавия :Вплив COVID-19 на трудові і соціально-забезпечувальні відносини: нормотворчий досвід Білорусі та України
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.211-221
УДК : 349.2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): covid-19--labour law--labour relations--remote work--social security--transfers--пандемия--трудовое право--трудовые правоотношения--удаленная работа--дистанционная работа--трансфер--пандемія--трудове право--трудові правовідносини--віддалена робота--дистанційна робота
Аннотация: The article presents a brief analysis of the situation in Belarus and Ukraine with the spread of coronavirus COVID-19 and measures taken by employers to optimise labour and social security relations during 2020. A brief overview of the decisions taken by Presidents, Parliaments, Governments and Ministry of Healthcare of both countries aimed at containment of coronavirus infection is presented. The latest changes in the Labour Code of Belarus and Labour Code of Ukraine, which regulated remote work since 2020, were touched upon. Attention is paid to the concept of self-isolation under the legislation of Belarus and Ukraine, restrictive measures that must be observed when self-isolating citizens in connection with COVID-19 infection, as well as level 1st and 2nd contacts. The authors analyse the new legislative provisions governing home and remote work, introduced into the labour legislation in Belarus in 2020, in Ukraine in 2020 and 2021. The article presents the specific experience of Belarus, where the presidential decree extended the rights of employers to temporarily transfer employees without their consent, as well as to change essential working conditions, and without making changes to the Labour Code. The authors give an assessment of such legislative innovations. The article deals with some issues of social support for employees who find themselves in a situation of downtime due to the suspension of the activities of organisations that are idle, as well as self-isolation. At the end of the article, some suggestions and recommendations are made for further adaptation of labour and social security legislation in Belarus and Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Х062/O-43
Автор(ы) : Oleinykov, Sergei Nikolaevich, Mamychev A. Y., Shestopal S. S., Plotnikov A. A., Sarychev I. A.
Заглавие : The factors of impact on content and dynamics of legislation evolution
Место публикации : Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews. - 2019. - Vol. 7, Iss. 6. - P.123-130
ББК : Х062
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): факторы законодательства--международные факторы--законодательная политика--стабильность и динамизм законодательства--правовая система--фактори законодавства--міжнародні фактори--законодавча політика--правова система--стабільність та динамізм законодавства--factors of legislation--international factors--law-making policy--stability and dynamism og legislation--the legal system
Аннотация: Purpose: Ensuring the rule of law, human rights, the principles of constitutionalism and the democratization of society, the factor analysis of legislation remains relevant during the period of transformation of state and public institutions. Methodology: The study of factors is present at the theoretical and applied levels: the subject of the theory of law traditionally captures the laws and trends in the formation of the legislative system, primarily in connection with the factors that determine the boundaries and scope of legal regulation. 50 surveys conducted to investigate the factors of impact on content and dynamic of legislation evolution Result: The analysis of the impact factors of influence on the content, structure, and dynamics of the legislation, which is always conditioned by the development of objective and subjective circumstances, is in the focus of the paper. The study of factors is especially relevant in the period of society's and its legal system transformation in the direction of ensuring the rule of law and human rights. Research puts emphasis on the development of forecasting principles of legislation evolution dynamics. Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the factors of impact on content and dynamics of legislation evolution is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Ч23/И 20
Автор(ы) : Ivanov V. G., Lyubarskiy M. G., Lomonosov Yu. V.
Заглавие : Text Image Compression Based on the Formation and Classification of Vertical Elements of a Row in the Graphical Dictionary of Symbol Data
Место публикации : Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. - 2011. - Vol. 43, Issue 10. - P.29-41
ББК : Ч23
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): сжатия изображения--текст--графический словарь данных символов--двухэтапный алгоритм сжатия изображения--развитие алгоритмом jb2 (формат djvu)
Аннотация: The method of compressing images of a text on the basis of formation and classification of vertical elements of the row of symbolic data of the graphical dictionary, obtained at the first phase of automatic classification of symbols, is proposed. This enables one to create the new dictionary of the vertical elements of a row and the map of their location, all of which have a smaller volume than the initial graphical dictionary. The proposed two-phase algorithm of image compression of a text has an advantage of the degree of compression as compared with the JB2 algorithm (DjVu format) about 25 % for resolutions of the text from 200 to 600 dpi.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Honcharenko, Volodymyr D., Shygal, Denys A.
Заглавие : Technique of generalization of results of comparative historical and legal research
Параллельн. заглавия :Техніка узагальнення результатів порівняльного історико-правового дослідження
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 3. - P.74-84
УДК : 340.15:340.11
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): comparative historical legal research--forecasting--methods of cluster analysis--modelling--typologization--історико-правовий аналіз--історико-правове дослідження--порівняльне дослідження--класифікація--типологізація--историко-правовое исследование--историко-правовой анализ--сравнительное исследование--классификация--типологизация
Аннотация: This study investigates the technique of organising the information obtained during the comparative historical and legal analysis. The main methods of data systematisation include classification and typologization. Classification is manifested in the division of objects into certain classes and can be based on a variety of criteria. Therewith, each individual classification should be performed based only on one feature. In contrast to the classification, typologization can be performed on a set of essential features and is aimed at understanding the essence of the phenomena under study. Any historical and legal typologization depends on the selected criteria. The result of comparative historical and legal analysis can be the production of entire arrays of information, to organise which it is advisable to use methods of cluster analysis. Cluster analysis constitutes a set of techniques that allow classifying multidimensional observations, and its purpose is to create clusters – groups of similar objects. This study also provides an algorithm for using cluster analysis. All the above methods of information systematisation serve as the basis for further evaluation of the data obtained, the main element of which is an explanation. It is in the process of explanation that the essential aspects and relations of the compared historical and legal objects are covered and the internal causal relationship between the studied state and legal phenomena is established. Evaluation of the results of comparative historical and legal research does not end with a simple explanation, but can also continue in scientific forecasting, the logical basis of which is the method of modelling. The process of modelling at the stage of systematisation and evaluation of the results of comparative historical and legal research takes place in several stages, which are also covered in this study.Стаття присвячена дослідженню техніки упорядкування інформації, отриманої у ході проведення порівняльного історико-правового аналізу. До основних способів систематизації даних, зокрема, належать класифікація і типологізація. Класифікація проявляється у розподілі об’єктів на певні класи і може містити у своїй основі самі різні критерії. При цьому кожна окрема класифікація має здійснюватися лише на підставі однієї ознаки. Типологізація на відміну від класифікації може проводитися за набором суттєвих ознак й спрямована на пізнання сутності досліджуваних явищ. Будь-яка історико-правова типологізація залежить від обраних критеріїв. Результатом порівняльного історико-правового аналізу може стати отримання цілих масивів інформації, для упорядкування якої доцільно використовувати методи кластерного аналізу. Кластерний аналіз – це сукупність прийомів, що дозволяють класифікувати багатомірні спостереження, а його метою є створення кластерів – груп схожих між собою об’єктів. У статті наводиться й алгоритм дій при застосуванні кластерного аналізу. Усі наведені способи систематизації інформації є основою для подальшої оцінки отриманих даних, головним елементом якої є пояснення. Саме у процесі пояснення розкриваються суттєві сторони й відношення порівнюваних історико-правових об’єктів та встановлюється внутрішній причинний взаємозв’язок між дослідженими державно-правовими явищами. Оцінка результатів порівняльного історико-правового дослідження не закінчується простим поясненням, а може продовжуватися також й у напрямку наукового прогнозування, логічною основою якого є метод моделювання. Процес моделювання на стадії систематизації та оцінки результатів порівняльного історико-правового дослідження проходить у декілька етапів, які також отримують своє висвітлення у статті.
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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава