Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ovcharenko, Olena, Podorozhna, Tetiana
Заглавие : Judge lustration in Ukraine: national insights and european implications
Место публикации : Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 4. - P.226-245
УДК : 342.56 + 343.11
ББК : Х629.01
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ukraine--украина--україна--lustration--люстрация--люстрація--judges--судьи--судді--judicial independence--судебная независимость--судова незалежність--judicial reform--судебная реформа--судова реформа
Аннотация: This article primarily focuses on the Ukrainian judge lustration, analysed from diverse aspects. Ukraine's legal lustration framework engenders two legal acts- the Law On Restoring Trust into Judicial Power in Ukraine (2014) and the law On Purification of Government (2014). Social feedback on adopting these Laws, their key objectives, provided instruments and efficiency issues are discussed. This research particularly scrutinises the fundamental European lustration standards, referencing a few European countries' experiences: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland. Deep insight into national lustration procedures is given, considering the European Court of Human Rights' relevant rulings and the Ukrainian Constitution's provisions. Remarks on whether all lustration laws comply with the Ukrainian Constitution are offered. Addressing the High Council of Justice's precedents, a judicial body entitled to verify the judges' lustration results, an in-depth empirical analysis of those procedural results are provided. Overall, Ukrainian lustration embodies a unique phenomenon due to strong social demand formalized in specially designed regulation.
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2.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Vaitsekhovska, Oksana, Iakymchuk, Nataliia, Shchokin, Yuri, Vorotina, Nataliia V., Korchak, Nataliia M.
Заглавие : Combating Corruption in the Public Sector: International Legal Standards and their Implementation in the Legislation of Ukraine
Место публикации : Estudios de economia aplicada. - 2021. - Vol. 39, Iss. 6. Special Issue: SI. - P.відсутні
УДК : 343.35:35.08
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): corruption--корупція--коррупция--national security--національна безпека--european standards--європейські стандарти--европейские стандарты--mechanism--механизм--механізм--public funds--державні кошти--государственные средства--национальная безопасность
Аннотация: Nowadays, one of the reasons for the ineffective fight against corruption in the budget system is certain discrepancies and inconsistencies between the legal components of the mechanism for countering this anti-social phenomenon. The lack of a clear definition of the limits of competence of participants in the budget process, discretionary powers in the distribution and expenditure of budget funds, conflicts in budget legislation, and the lack of real competition in the field of public procurement clearly form the main corruption risks for all participants in these legal relations. The purpose of the study was to analyse the international legal mechanisms for combating corruption and find ways to implement them in Ukrainian legislation. The development of the national anti-corruption policy of Ukraine in the public sector as a subject of international anti-corruption law is determined by a number of the following national and external factors: 1) Ukraine's accession to the universal and regional conventions on combating corruption, compliance with which constitutes the main prerequisite for Ukraine's entry into the global space; 2) Ukraine's implementation in national legislation of anti-corruption international standards developed by international intergovernmental and non-governmental organisations; 3) adaptation of national legislation to European standards within the framework of the signed association agreement between Ukraine and the EU of 2014; 4) cooperation of Ukraine with international organisations, within which the international anti-corruption policy is developed and formed; 5) activities in the field of combating corruption of international non-governmental organisations, among which Transparency International constitutes an important element of the legal mechanism of the international anti-corruption legal order; 6) Ukraine’s international anti-corruption obligations to international financial institutions; 7) Ukraine's participation in international conferences and summits on anti-corruption issues; 8) Ukraine's cooperation with other states in providing relevant bodies of foreign states and receiving information on preventing and combating corruption; 9) national historical and political factors.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yaroshenko, Oleg M., Tomashevski, Kirill L.
Заглавие : The impact of COVID-19 on labour and social security relations: Rule-making experience of Belarus and Ukraine
Параллельн. заглавия :Вплив COVID-19 на трудові і соціально-забезпечувальні відносини: нормотворчий досвід Білорусі та України
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.211-221
УДК : 349.2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): covid-19--labour law--labour relations--remote work--social security--transfers--пандемия--трудовое право--трудовые правоотношения--удаленная работа--дистанционная работа--трансфер--пандемія--трудове право--трудові правовідносини--віддалена робота--дистанційна робота
Аннотация: The article presents a brief analysis of the situation in Belarus and Ukraine with the spread of coronavirus COVID-19 and measures taken by employers to optimise labour and social security relations during 2020. A brief overview of the decisions taken by Presidents, Parliaments, Governments and Ministry of Healthcare of both countries aimed at containment of coronavirus infection is presented. The latest changes in the Labour Code of Belarus and Labour Code of Ukraine, which regulated remote work since 2020, were touched upon. Attention is paid to the concept of self-isolation under the legislation of Belarus and Ukraine, restrictive measures that must be observed when self-isolating citizens in connection with COVID-19 infection, as well as level 1st and 2nd contacts. The authors analyse the new legislative provisions governing home and remote work, introduced into the labour legislation in Belarus in 2020, in Ukraine in 2020 and 2021. The article presents the specific experience of Belarus, where the presidential decree extended the rights of employers to temporarily transfer employees without their consent, as well as to change essential working conditions, and without making changes to the Labour Code. The authors give an assessment of such legislative innovations. The article deals with some issues of social support for employees who find themselves in a situation of downtime due to the suspension of the activities of organisations that are idle, as well as self-isolation. At the end of the article, some suggestions and recommendations are made for further adaptation of labour and social security legislation in Belarus and Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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4.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Karpachova, Nina I.
Заглавие : Modern challenges to international security and protection of human rights (international and ukrainian context)
Параллельн. заглавия :Сучасні виклики міжнародній безпеці та захисту прав людини (міжнародний та український контекст)
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.25-33
УДК : 341.217
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): challenges to human rights--european court of human rights--international security--ombudsman--protection of human rights--права человека--европейский суд по правам человека--защита прав человека--омбудсман--международная безопасность--права людини--європейський суд з прав людини--захист прав людини--омбудсмен--міжнародна безпека
Аннотация: At the moment, two mechanisms for protecting human rights can be distinguished in Ukraine: an appeal to the European Court of Human Rights at the international level and an appeal to the Commissioner for Human Rights at the national level. Therewith, the activity of the ombudsman constitutes the state’s performance of its obligations at the international level to ensure the national mechanism for the protection of human rights. In Ukraine, the Ombudsman acts according to the model of the classic parliamentary Commissioner for Human Rights. In addition, along with the parliamentary Commissioner for Human Rights, which has a constitutional status, there are government commissioners (“quasi-ombudsmen”) in Ukraine, whose activities do not have a special status and can be terminated at the will of the government at any time. Considering the above, the purpose of this study lies in a comprehensive analysis of modern challenges to international security and the impact of these factors on the observance of human rights in Ukraine (using the methods of both international law and classical legal methodology), as well as studying the role of the ombudsman in this process. The analysis allowed to conclude that the causes of human rights violations lie not only in the country’s problems, but are also the consequences of global processes. A huge challenge to the rights and freedoms in Ukraine is the intensifying poverty of the population, which in itself is a violation of human rights and allows to exercise all other rights. Furthermore, the hostilities in the Donbas region led to gross, massive, and systematic violations of human rights: residents of the front-line territories were faced with two challenges at once – the danger that arises due to the impossibility of ensuring security in the immediate vicinity of the war zone and the increasing risks of poverty.
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5.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zhuravel, Volodymyr A., Konovalova, Violetta E., Avdeyeva, Galina K.
Заглавие : Reliability evaluation of a forensic expert's opinion: World practices and ukrainian realities
Параллельн. заглавия :Оцінка достовірності висновку судового експерта: світові практики та українські реалії
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.252-261
УДК : 343.98
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): access to justice--appealing the expert opinion--knowledgeable persons--objectivity of the expert opinion--reviewing the expert opinion--validity of the expert opinion--доступ к правосудию--заключение эксперта--объективные факторы--пересмотр заключения эксперта--доступ до правосуддя--висновок експерта--об'єктивні ознаки--перегляд висновку експерта
Аннотация: Improving the activities of pre-trial investigation and judicial review largely depends on the increased use of special knowledge in forensic investigative practice and, above all, the involvement of an expert and their analysis. The relevance of the subject matter is explained by the need to introduce new forms and approaches to evaluating the reliability of expert opinions, in particular with the involvement of independent specialists of the corresponding speciality. The purpose of this study was to provide arguments regarding the expediency of attracting knowledgeable persons as reviewers to evaluate the objectivity and completeness of forensic analysis, the correctness of the methods and techniques applied by the expert, and the validity of the opinion. To achieve this purpose, the following general scientific and special research methods were used: Aristotelian, comparative legal, functional, sociological, statistical, system and formal legal analysis, legal modelling, and forecasting. It was established that in the vast majority of countries of the world, except Ukraine, an independent, knowledgeable person with special knowledge in the corresponding field is involved to help evaluate the reliability of an expert opinion. It was proved that contacting knowledgeable persons to evaluate the objectivity, validity, completeness of expert research helps establish the causality between the identified features of the object of analysis and the fact that is subject to establishment, and also gives grounds for determining the affiliation, admissibility, reliability, and sufficiency of the expert opinion. At the same time, a specialist's review cannot serve as a source of evidence, but only has an auxiliary (advisory, technical) nature and can serve as a basis for appointing a second (additional) forensic analysis or a cross-examination of the expert and the reviewer. To exercise the rights of individuals to fair justice, it is proposed to introduce this procedure for evaluating the reliability of expert opinions in Ukraine, with the necessary changes in the current procedural legislation of Ukraine to provide an opportunity for participants in criminal proceedings and the victim to attract knowledgeable persons as reviewers of expert opinions.
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6.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Petryshyn, Alexander Vitalievich, Petryshyn, Oleg Alexandrovich, Hyliaka, Oleg Sergeevich
Заглавие : The problem of non-implementation of judgements of the European court of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the rule of law (Methodological and comparanive aspects)
Параллельн. заглавия :Проблема невиконання рішень Європейського суду з прав людини в Україні в контексті верховенства права (методологічний та порівняльний аспекти)
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - p.17-24
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): basic human rights--democracy--echr--ecthr--judicial enforcement--основні права людини--демократія--єспл--судове забезпечення
Аннотация: The article is devoted to the problem of non-implementation of the decisions of the ECtHR in Ukraine in the context of the rule of law. The relevance of the subject matter is substantiated by the critical situation regarding Ukraine's compliance with its international obligations. The objective of the study is to develop a set of principles and policies to be implemented in Ukraine to strengthen the rule of law (as a fundamental democratic institute), as an essential factor for ensuring human rights in the context of re-establishing a proper international cooperation with the key European institution in the field of human rights. According to the analysis of the degree of coverage of the issue, the existing papers on the mentioned problem are rather described by point-by-point recommendations aimed at “damage control”, rather than at an in-depth resolution of the situation. The methodological basis of the research consists of the complex of general and special research methods, while philosophical methods were used to ensure the understanding of the essence, characteristics, and features of the phenomena under study. The research resulted in the development of a set of theses that demonstrate the depth of the problem under study that manifests through untimely and inconsistent normative-legal regulation, lack of tangible means of protection of human rights in Ukraine, inappropriate approach to the adoption and execution of international obligations. The authors argue in favour of the need to ensure three key aspects of the implementation of the rule of law – guaranteeing consistency of state policies and actions of officials; the formation of a stable system of administrative management; accountability, and responsibility of decision-makers. The practical relevance of the study is manifested through a set of recommendations, including the creation of a system to assess the effectiveness of reforms in terms of the rule of law; the formation of a mechanism for implementing the responsibility of decision-makers; the revision of procedures for the adoption of legal acts; the need to restart and complete the reform of the justice system, to involve NGOs in the processes of forming such; to create rules of cooperation between the state and the elites.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Hetman, Yevhen Anatolevich, Politanskyi, Viacheslav S., Semenikhin, Ihor Viktorovich
Заглавие : Implementation practice of electronic administrative services in Ukraine
Параллельн. заглавия :Практика впровадження електронних адміністративних послуг в Україні
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - p.93-104
ББК : Х621.03
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): electronic management--electronic services--information and communication technoligies--internet--unified state portal of administrative services--электронное управление--электронные услуги--информационно-коммуникационные услуги--интернет--единый государственный портал административных услуг--електронне управління--електронні послуги--інформаційно-комунікаційні послуги--інтернет--єдиний державний портал адміністративних послуг
Аннотация: One of the factors for the development of civil society in Ukraine is an effective, well-functioning institution for providing administrative electronic services. Despite the intensity and wide scope of research covering various aspects of providing electronic administrative services to the population, many issues in this area remain quite debatable, as well as understudied, which conditioned the relevance of the study. The study is aimed at studying the organisational and procedural aspects of providing electronic administrative services in Ukraine. Authors of this study clarified the significance of some fundamental concepts of this issue. The author's approach to defining the concept of electronic administrative services was formulated based on a personal interpretation of this concept from the standpoint of general theoretical analysis. Administrative mechanisms for implementing electronic public services were analysed. The study investigated the features of classification of electronic administrative services by types of electronic representation, by field of activity, by form of ownership, by consumers, by place of receipt from the standpoint of the client and from the standpoint of involvement in the electronic service. This study is the first to analyse the regulatory framework of Ukraine on the provision of electronic administrative services in stages and chronologically. Authors studied and compared the features of the procedure for rendering electronic administrative services using the Unified State Portal of Administrative Services, the iGov portal of state electronic services and the Ukrainian online service of public services – Diia. The study covered the procedure for the operation of administrative service centres in Ukraine. It was concluded that the first step of Ukraine towards creating its information society through the introduction of e-governance should be the establishment of a market for administrative and information electronic services.
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8.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Х623/B78
Автор(ы) : Borysova, Valentyna I., Karnaukh, Bohdan Peterovich
Заглавие : Standard of proof in common law: Mathematical explication and probative value of statistical data
Параллельн. заглавия :Стандарт доказування в загальному праві: математичне обґрунтування і доказове значення статистичних даних
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - p.171-180
ББК : Х623
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): balance of probabilities--bayesian decision theory--байесська теорія рішення--beyond reasonable doubt--naked statistics--standard of proof--баланс можливості--поза розумною сумнівкою--оголена статистика--стандарт доказывания--баланс возможности--байесськая теория решения--вне разумніх сомнений
Аннотация: As a result of recent amendments to the procedural legislation of Ukraine, one may observe a tendency in judicial practice to differentiate the standards of proof depending on the type of litigation. Thus, in commercial litigation the so-called standard of “probability of evidence” applies, while in criminal proceedings – “beyond a reasonable doubt” standard applies. The purpose of this study was to find the rational justification for the differentiation of the standards of proof applied in civil (commercial) and criminal cases and to explain how the same fact is considered proven for the purposes of civil lawsuit and not proven for the purposes of criminal charge. The study is based on the methodology of Bayesian decision theory. The paper demonstrated how the principles of Bayesian decision theory can be applied to judicial fact-finding. According to Bayesian theory, the standard of proof applied depends on the ratio of the false positive error disutility to false negative error disutility. Since both types of error have the same disutility in a civil litigation, the threshold value of conviction is 50+ percent. In a criminal case, on the other hand, the disutility of false positive error considerably exceeds the disutility of the false negative one, and therefore the threshold value of conviction shall be much higher, amounting to 90 percent. Bayesian decision theory is premised on probabilistic assessments. And since the concept of probability has many meanings, the results of the application of Bayesian theory to judicial fact-finding can be interpreted in a variety of ways. When dealing with statistical evidence, it is crucial to distinguish between subjective and objective probability. Statistics indicate objective probability, while the standard of proof refers to subjective probability. Yet, in some cases, especially when statistical data is the only available evidence, the subjective probability may be roughly equivalent to the objective probability. In such cases, statistics cannot be ignored.
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9.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bukhanevych, Oleksandr M., Kuznichenko, Serhii O., Mernyk, Anastasiia M.
Заглавие : Foreign experience in constitutional and legal regulation of restrictions on human rights in conditions of emergency and martial law
Параллельн. заглавия :Зарубіжний досвід конституційно-правового регулювання обмеження прав людини в умовах надзвичайного та воєнного станів
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.55-65
УДК : 342.7
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): democratic system--emergency--legal regime--national security--public order--restrictions on human rights--демократический режим--демократия--чрезвычайные ситуации--национальная безопасность--общественный порядок--ограничение прав человека--демократична держава--надзвичайна ситуація--національна безпека--громадський порядок--обмеження прав людини
Аннотация: The study investigates the foreign experience of constitutional and legal regulation of restrictions on human rights in conditions of emergency and martial law in Macedonia, Armenia, Belarus, Moldova, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, Albania, Azerbaijan, which is relevant in modern conditions, based on the presence of local military conflicts, emergencies, or the possibility of their existence in many countries of the world. The purpose of this study was to analyse the text and content of the constitutions of foreign countries to clarify and explain the grounds for restricting human and civil rights and freedoms in conditions of emergency and martial law. To achieve this purpose, the study employed a system of methods of scientific cognition, namely general scientific (analysis, synthesis), particular (comparative, quantitative and qualitative analysis, approximation), as well as special legal (formal legal, comparative legal) methods. The practical value of the study lies in the identification of four prevailing trends in the constitutions of foreign states to the procedure for determining the scope of restrictions on human rights under special regimes: 1) consolidation of an exhaustive list of rights and freedoms in the constitutions, which cannot be restricted during the period of emergency and martial law; 2) consolidation of an exhaustive list of rights and freedoms in the constitution, which can be restricted to protect human rights, the democratic structure of the state, public safety, the well-being of the population and morals; 3) combining the first two options for consolidating restrictions in the text of the constitutions; 4) consolidation of the possibility of limiting the rights and freedoms of the individual in the texts of constitutions by state authorities under special legal regimes in the interests of national security without specifying partiular rights and freedoms that may (or may not) be restricted.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bukhanevych, Oleksandr M., Mernyk, Anastasiia M., Petryshyn, Oleh O.
Заглавие : Approaches to understanding the category "special legal regimes"
Параллельн. заглавия :Підходи до розуміння категорії "особливі правові режими"
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 1. - P.71-78
УДК : 342.7
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): legal regime--martial law--special legal regime--state of emergency--human rights--restriction of rights--правовий режим--особливий правовий режим--воєнний стан--надзвичайний стан--права людини--правовой режим--специальный правовой режим--военное положение--чрезвычайное положение--права человека
Аннотация: The study investigates the main approaches to understanding such legal categories as “legal regimes” and “special legal regime”, and provides their classification. Special legal regimes serve as the legal basis for restricting human and civil rights and freedoms; therefore, the relevance of the study of the concept, types, and main features of special legal regimes is beyond doubt. The authors of the study consider the relationship between the categories of special legal regime of a state of emergency and martial law, and describe the main grounds for their imposition. The authors noted a need for a clear, consistent legal regulation of the model of behaviour aimed at overcoming and eliminating negative consequences of an emergency and military nature. Attention is focused on the fact that in Ukraine, the regulation of public relations arising in connection with emergencies and military situations has become particularly important after the emergence of a military conflict on the territory of Ukraine and the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The study provides the author’s vision of the categories “legal regimes” and “special legal regimes”. it is proposed to interpret the legal regimes as the regulatory procedure, which is expressed in a set of legal means that describe a special combination of interacting permits, prohibitions, and obligations, while implementing a special focus of regulation. The latter should be interpreted as a form of public administration that makes provision for the restriction of the legal personality of individuals and legal entities, introduced as a temporary measure provided by means of administrative and legal nature, and aimed at ensuring the security of the individual, society, and the state. The study provides the classification of special legal regimes and contains proposals to distinguish them according to the content and basis of occurrence as follows: state of emergency, martial law, state of siege, state of war, state of public danger, state of tension, state of defence, state of threat, state of readiness, state of vigilance.
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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава