Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Abramova, Alla, Shaposhnykov, Kostiantyn, Zhavoronok, Artur, Liutikov, Pavlo, Skvirskyi, Illia, Lukashev, Oleksandr
Заглавие : The Ecosystem of VAT Administration in E-Commerce: Case of the Eastern Europe Countries
Место публикации : Estudios de Economia Aplicada. - 2021. - Vol. 39, Iss. 5. - P.1-15
УДК : 346.54:336.226(4-11)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): tax administration--vat--fiscal stimulus--e-commerce--податкове адміністрування--податок на додану вартість--електронна комерція--податкові стимули--східна європа--налоговое администрирование--налог на добавленную стоимость (ндс)--электронная коммерция--налоговые стимулы--восточная европа
Аннотация: Quarantine economic conditions put forward new demands to tax administration’s efficiency as a priority source of the EU financial resources. The relationship between fair, efficient, sustainable taxation and budget revenues’ adequacy to finance social and economic investment, innovation, and development needs is evident. Therefore, ensuring tax administration’s efficiency and effectiveness in any EU country is of theoretical and practical importance. The study aims to deepen the theoretical and applied provisions of the VAT administration in e-commerce operations in a global convergence of the national economic systems. The analysis of the state and forecast of the VAT mobilization in the EU countries’ e-commerce operations are presented. The research’s specific is to assess the VAT tax base’s future size in the context of changes in the EU tax legislation. According to the scientific literature analysis, in the framework of forecasting the studied tax, it is advisable to use econometric forecasting methods based on time series models. As the result of the study, the forecast volumes of the VAT base of Eastern Europe and the amount of approximate future tax revenues are presented. The obtained results confirm the relationship between the growth of e-commerce and VAT tax revenues under such transactions. It led to the presentation of the author’s vision of the VAT administration ecosystem for e-commerce transactions and the allocation of its functional entities. The directions on achieving the maximum volumes of the VAT mobilization following the EU tax legislation requirements in European integration and globalization were substantiated. The submitted conclusions are entitled to be used in tax administration processes in the matters of forecasting other tax payments.
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2.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yevseiev S., Milov O., Milevskyi S., Voitko O., Kasianenko M., Melenti Y., Pohasii S., Stepanov H., Turinskyi O., Faraon S.
Заглавие : Development and analysis of gametheoretical models of security systems agents interaction
Место публикации : Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. - 2020. - Vol. 2. Issue 4. - P.15-29
УДК : 007
ББК : З81
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): game theory--теория игры--теорія гри--cybersecurity--кибербезопасность--кібербезпека--stackelberg games--игры штакельберга--ігри штакельберга--nash games--нэш игры--неш ігри--game equilibrium--игровое равновесие--ігрова рівновага--strategy--стратегия--стратегія
Аннотация: A game-theoretic approach is presented, which claims to be a universal method for solving most problems in the field of cybersecurity. As arguments to confirm the superiority of game theory, mathematical validity and provability of the optimality of decisions made, unlike the widely used heuristics, the possibility of developing reliable protection based on analytical results, ensuring a timely response to cyberattacks in conditions of limited resources, as well as distributed nature of decision making are highlighted. The definitions of the basic concepts used in security tasks based on game-theoretic models are introduced. The features of the application of game theory methods in the field of cybersecurity are listed and the limitations of research in this area are formulated, namely: a restriction on game strategies, simultaneous moves of players in the behavior patterns of security system agents, uncertainty in the time the players take the move, uncertainty in the final goal of the enemy, unpredictability of further player moves, lack of players’ assessment of enemy resources. as well as its ultimate goals, the inability to timely assess the current state of the game. The game-theoretic models are aligned with the listed security problems, and the main solutions obtained as a result of using the corresponding models are also determined. Many methods of game theory have been formed, for each of which a relationship is determined between the game model, its scope, simulation result and security services that the method under consideration supports. The limitations of the classical representation of game theory models are determined, the need to overcome which follows from the requirements for providing basic security services. Such limitations include: the ability of the defender to detect attacks, the certainty of the probabilities of a change of state before the start of the game, the synchronism of the players’ moves, the inability to scale the model due to the size and complexity of the system under consideration. Models of the main tasks of the interaction of antagonistic agents of security systems have been developed. The resulting models made it possible to obtain solutions to two of the most common tasks in the field of cybersecurity, namely, the interaction of the system administrator and the attacker in organizing the protection of information resources. The tasks are solved for various conditions – the game matrix contains cost estimates of resources and the matrix reflects the probability of threat realization. Pure and mixed strategies are defined for various initial conditions, which allows to exclude from the consideration strategies that are not included in the solution. A synergistic approach to the use of game-theoretic modeling was formed taking into account the behavior of agents of security systems, based on an analysis of the diversity and characteristics of game-theoretic models, their inherent limitations and scope
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3.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ovcharenko, Olena, Podorozhna, Tetiana
Заглавие : Judge lustration in Ukraine: national insights and european implications
Место публикации : Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 4. - P.226-245
УДК : 342.56 + 343.11
ББК : Х629.01
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ukraine--украина--україна--lustration--люстрация--люстрація--judges--судьи--судді--judicial independence--судебная независимость--судова незалежність--judicial reform--судебная реформа--судова реформа
Аннотация: This article primarily focuses on the Ukrainian judge lustration, analysed from diverse aspects. Ukraine's legal lustration framework engenders two legal acts- the Law On Restoring Trust into Judicial Power in Ukraine (2014) and the law On Purification of Government (2014). Social feedback on adopting these Laws, their key objectives, provided instruments and efficiency issues are discussed. This research particularly scrutinises the fundamental European lustration standards, referencing a few European countries' experiences: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland. Deep insight into national lustration procedures is given, considering the European Court of Human Rights' relevant rulings and the Ukrainian Constitution's provisions. Remarks on whether all lustration laws comply with the Ukrainian Constitution are offered. Addressing the High Council of Justice's precedents, a judicial body entitled to verify the judges' lustration results, an in-depth empirical analysis of those procedural results are provided. Overall, Ukrainian lustration embodies a unique phenomenon due to strong social demand formalized in specially designed regulation.
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4.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yevtieieva D. P., Lapkin A. V., Karelin V. V.
Заглавие : East slavic surrogate motherhood: state of legal regulation and risk of human rights violation
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Iss. 12, cz. 2. - P.2882-2889
УДК : 347.6:614
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): surrogacy--genetic parents--child--embryo--сурогатне материнство--суррогатное материнство--генетичні батьки--генетические родители--ембріон--эмбрион
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: The aim of the study is to determine the state of legal regulation of surrogacy in Ukraine, Russian Federation and Belarus, to identify risks of human rights violations, to identify legal and medical mechanisms to combat the exploitation of women, and to outline a portrait of a surrogate mother. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The empirical basis is the legislation of Ukraine, Russian Federation and Belarus, which regulates the service of surrogacy, information from the websites of agencies and clinics in this area, as well as personal stories of 41 surrogate mothers, set out in open sources. The following methods were used: dialectical, comparative, statistical, induction and deduction, questionnaire, analysis and synthesis, content analysis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results of the study clarify both the common features of the legal regulation of surrogacy in the East Slavic countries, and the specifics of each of them; the main problems in the field of its application are outlined; the risks of violation of the rights of genetic parents, children and surrogate mothers are characterized. Legal and medical mechanisms for counteracting the exploitation of surrogate mothers have been identified.
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5.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания : Х910.1/S49
Автор(ы) : Serdyuk Oleksander V., Petrov, Roman
Заглавие : Ukraine: a constitutional design between façade democracy and effective transformation?
Место публикации : Democratization and the European Union: Comparing Central and Eastern European Post-Communist Countries. - Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge. Taylor and Francis Group, 2010. - P.170-193. - (Routledge Research in Comparative Politics; Book Series)
ББК : Х910.1
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6.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rozhnov, Oleh
Заглавие : Towards timely justice in civil matters amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 2-3, Special Issue: SI. - P.100-114
УДК : 347.91/.95(477)(094.4)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): procedural time--процессуальное время--процесуальний час--civil justice--гражданское правосудие--цивільне правосуддя--access to justice--доступ к правосудию--доступ до правосуддя--pandemic challenges--пандемические вызовы--пандемічні виклики--a fair and timely trial--справедливое и своевременное судебное разбирательство--справедлиий і своєчасний судовий розгляд--covid-19--civil litigation--судебный процесс по гражданскому делу--судовий процес у цивільній справі
Аннотация: This article is devoted to the analysis of procedural time limits transformation under pandemic conditions implemented in the legislation of Ukraine during the coronavirus pandemic of 2020, as well as the practice of their application in national courts. It is stated that inaccuracy and incompleteness in resolving important issues related to the extension and renewal of procedural time for the administration of justice under the quarantine creates obstacles to the implementation of the main tasks of civil proceedings. Inaccuracy in the regulation by procedural legislation of certain procedural terms, the possibility of their renewal and extension can significantly affect the movement of all civil proceedings as well as significantly impede the achievement of its goals.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kravtsov, Serhii, Surzhenko, Olga, Golubeva, Nelli
Заглавие : The validity, effectiveness, and enforceability of an arbitration agreement: Issues and solutions
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 4. - P.116-130
УДК : 341.63
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): arbitration agreement--autonomy of arbitration agreement--international commercial arbitration--арбитражное соглашение--автономность арбитражного соглашения--международный коммерческий арбитраж--арбітражна угода--автономність арбітражної угоди--міжнародний комерційний арбітраж
Аннотация: The main reason for dispute in international commercial arbitration is the existence of an arbitration agreement concluded between the parties to a foreign trade agreement. The procedure of dispute resolution in international commercial arbitration will depend on the extent to which this arbitration agreement is concluded correctly in accordance with the norms of international and national law. Quite often, in the law enforcement activities of both national courts and arbitrations, there are questions about the validity, effectiveness, and enforceability of an arbitration agreement. In different countries, this issue is addressed ambiguously. In one case, national law takes precedence, and, accordingly, national courts are empowered to consider the validity, effectiveness, and enforceability of an arbitration agreement. In other cases, however, the autonomy of the arbitration agreement is a priority aspect of the consideration of any procedural issues by international commercial arbitration as the only and indisputable body authorised by the parties to the foreign trade agreement to consider a particular dispute. The article analyses doctrinal and legislative approaches to this issue, in which the authors come to the logical conclusion that national courts do not consider the validity, effectiveness, and enforceability of an arbitration agreement.
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8.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yevseiev, Serhii, Pohasii, Serhii, Milevskyi, Stanislav, Milov, Oleksandr, Melenti, Yevgen, Grod, Ivan, Berestov, Denis, Fedorenko, Ruslan, Kurchenko, Oleg
Заглавие : Development of a method for assessing the security of cyber-physical systems based on the Lotka–Volterra model
Место публикации : Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. - 2021. - Vol. 5, No. 9 (113). - P.30-47
УДК : 681.32:007.5
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): critical infrastructure--lotka-volterra model--security level--security system--simulation method--threat classifier--критична інфраструктура--модель лотка-вольтерра--рівень безпеки--система безпеки--метод моделювання--класифікатор загроз--критическая инфраструктура--уровень безопасности--система безопасности--метод моделирования--классификатор угроз
Аннотация: The paper presents the results of the development of a method for assessing the security of cyber-physical systems based on the Lotka-Volterra model. Security models of cyber-physical systems are proposed: “predator-prey” taking into account the computing capabilities and focus of targeted cyberattacks, “predator-prey” taking into account the possible competition of attackers in relation to the “prey”, “predato-prey” taking into account the relationships between “prey species” and “predator species”, “predator-prey” taking into account the relationship between “prey species” and “predator species”. Based on the proposed approach, the coefficients of the Lotka-Volterra model α=0.39, β=0.32, γ=0.29, φ=0.27 were obtained, which take into account the synergy and hybridity of modern threats, funding for the formation and improvement of the protection system, and also allow determining the financial and computing capabilities of the attacker based on the identified threats. The proposed method for assessing the security of cyber-physical systems is based on the developed threat classifier, allows assessing the current security level and provides recommendations regarding the allocation of limited protection resources based on an expert assessment of known threats. This approach allows offline dynamic simulation, which makes it possible to timely determine attackers' capabilities and form preventive protection measures based on threat analysis. In the simulation, actual bases for assessing real threats and incidents in cyberphysical systems can be used, which allows an expert assessment of their impact on both individual security services and security components (cyber security, information security and security of information). The presented simulation results do not contradict the graphical results of the classical Lotka-Volterra model, which indicates the adequacy of the proposed approach for assessing the security of cyber-physical systems.
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9.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Donets, Olga
Заглавие : Instituting principles for the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes in the context of ensuring and protecting fundamental human rights
Место публикации : Access to justice in eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 4. - P.82-89
УДК : 349.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): law principles--environmental law principles--principles of instituting the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes--principle of legal provision for the ecosystem approach to the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes--"net gain" principle--"environmental net gain" principle--принципи права--принципи екологічного права--принципи встановлення відтворення (відновлення) природних ресурсів і комплексів--принцип правового забезпечення екосистемного підходу до відтворення (відновлення) природних ресурсів і комплексів--принцип чистого прибутку--принцип екологічного чистого прибутку--принципы права--принципы экологического права--принципы учреждения воспроизводства (восстановления) природных ресурсов и комплексов--принцип правового обеспечения экосистемного подхода к воспроизводству (восстановлению) природных ресурсов и комплексов--принцип чистой прибыли--принцип экологической чистой выгоды
Аннотация: This article is devoted to the study of instituting principles for the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes in the context of ensuring and protecting fundamental human rights. The paper analyses these principles and proposes dividing them into four groups according to their functional purpose: system-forming, organisational, preventive, and that of economic direction. The principle of legal provision for the ecosystem approach to the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes and the 'net gain' principle are of particular interest in the system for the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes. These two principles should be considered the most important ones and be the basis for the following: organising and implementing measures for the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes; recovering and improving the quality of ecosystems; preventing and eliminating harmful economic impacts on the environment and human health; ensuring the sustainable functioning of ecosystems by indissolubly linking and balancing all environmental objects. It is established that instituting principles for the reproduction (restoration) of natural resources and complexes are universal regulations of positive law, generally influencing the formation of state environmental policy and law-making, as well as litigation in Ukraine that is concerns environmental law principles.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tkachenko, Yevhenii, Dakhova, Iryna, Zazuliak, Zoriana
Заглавие : The protection of the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples in Ukraine: Theory and practice
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 4. - P.146-162
УДК : 342.71
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): citizenship--indigenous peoples--judicial protection of rights--national minorities--national-ethnic relations--громадянство--корінні народи--судовий захист прав--національні меншини--національно-етнічні відносини--гражданство--коренные народы--судебная защита прав--национальные меньшинства--национально-этнические отношения
Аннотация: This note is focused on the problems of ensuring the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples in Ukraine. These issues are considered in accordance with theoretical approaches in the social sciences, as well as the practice of protecting the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples in Ukraine. Court decisions on discrimination against the rights of these vulnerable groups are analysed. The research is aimed at the scientific search for ways to improve the legal regulation of national-ethnic relations to ensure the rights of national minorities and groups. In accordance with a comprehensive theoretical and practical approach, an analysis of Ukrainian legislation and case-law on the protection of the rights of national minorities and indigenous people is given. Problems of ensuring the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples are revealed. Some promising legislative improvements are proposed to eliminate violations and ensure the rights of these groups.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yermolaieva, Tetiana, Plyokhova, Anastasia
Заглавие : Some aspects of environmental rights protection
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 3. - p.198-204
ББК : Х625.80
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ecthr case law--environmental justice --environmental rights protection--principles of environmental safety laws--судове право єспл--екологічне правосуддя--захист екологічних прав--принципи законів про екологічну безпеку--право еспч--экологическое правосудие--защита экологических прав--принципы законов об экологической безопасности
Аннотация: This note addresses some aspects of the basic principles of environmental rights protection and ECtHR practice. In particular, it analyses the new directions for environmental rights protection that the ECtHR gave us in Tătar v Romania. Some inconsistency of the ECtHR is highlighted since the case-law of environmental principles varies. Significant and important steps towards recognising the importance of procedural rights associated with public participation as this principle are indicated in international environmental law more generally. On the other hand, the Court’s more recent forays into the territory of other environmental principles – particularly that of the precautionary principle – suggests that the Court is less eager to develop its extensive environmental case-law considering the principle of precaution.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Drozdov, Oleksandr, Rozhnov, Oleh, Mamnitskiy, Valeriy
Заглавие : Mediation and court in Ukraine: Perspectives on interaction and mutual understanding
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 3. - p.181-190
ББК : Х629.01
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): access to justice --case law--dispute resolution--judical mediation--mediation--ukraine--доступ к правосудию--прецедентное право--разрешение спора--юридическое посредничество--посредничество--украина--доступ до правосуддя--прецедентне право--вирішення спору--юридичне посередництво--посередництво--україна
Аннотация: In this note, the authors identify some problems concerning the introduction of mediation in Ukraine in terms of its use in the consideration and resolution of court cases. Despite the lack of clear legal regulation for mediation, courts in Ukraine still try to use this mechanism of pre-trial dispute resolution. Particular attention is paid to the law enforcement activities of courts in criminal and administrative cases, in which courts try to equate the conciliation procedure with the mediation procedure. These approaches clearly follow from the Resolutions and Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe and the settled case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) since, back in 1975, the ECtHR in its decision Golder v. The United Kingdom ruled that it is unlikely that the rule of law can be imagined without access to justice. However, the presumption that the courts are the main institution for resolving disputes continues to be undermined by the proliferation of alternative forms of dispute resolution, both agreement-based and judicial.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kabalskyi, Roman, Shevchyk, Olexandr
Заглавие : Does normativity contribute to the effective protection of rights? Reflections on the concept of normativity in the modern ukrainian doctrine of law
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 2. - p.155-169
ББК : Х06
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): due diligence of law--effective mefsures of protection of law--human rights--law--normativity--ukraine--долговечное разбирательство законодательства--эффективные меры защиты законодательства--права человека--право--нормативность--украина--довготривалий розгляд законодавства--ефективні заходи захисту законодавства--права людини--нормативність--україна
Аннотация: Normativity is considered the basis for the implementation of social regulation. However, this regulation of social relations must be organised and have a positive impact on the development of society. Normativity is considered to be the primary, original property of social reality due to the natural demand for establishing order and its integral ability for self-organisation. The integration of elements into a balanced system is carried out through their coordinated interactions, resulting in something new, which has a unique integrative quality, provided that this quality was absent before their integration into the system. At the same time, nowadays, the phenomenon of normativity is studied mostly from traditional positions. A number of well-known works that raise the issue of normativity were written in the middle of the last century under conditions of an ideological monopoly and are unlikely to enrich the modern understanding of the normative nature of law. Today, in the Ukrainian scholarly literature, because of Soviet remnants, only the formal (positive-empirical) side of normativity is being assessed, which leads to it being replaced by the concept of state coercion. In general, this leads to the spread and dominance of extremely negative phenomena in Ukrainian society, among which the total non-enforcement of court decisions is worth mentioning. The solution to this problem cannot simply be improving coercive measures of the state alone – there must be changes to understanding the rule of law and, in particular, the nature of normativity. The analysis of the method of objectification (formation) of the due diligence of law will significantly contribute to targeting this problem because the latter is not solely derived from the dictates of the state (or the empirical phenomena). However, the key focus is finding the answer to one of the most important questions of jurisprudence and the philosophy of law, namely: ‘Why should a person obey the law?’. Thus, we are highly motivated to initiate a philosophical and legal rethinking of approaches to the normativity of law and the legitimation of state and legal processes. This article is an attempt to target a discussion in this sphere.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pavlenko, Tetіana A., Dunaieva, Tetіana Ye., Valuiska, Marina Yu.
Заглавие : Prospects of euthanasia legal regulation in Ukraine
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Issue:10. - P.2289-2294
УДК : 342.761 + 347.133.3 + 347.151 + 614.2
ББК : Х623.211.84
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): compassion--сострадание--співчуття--eath with dignity--смерть с достоинством--euthanasia--эвтаназия--евтаназія--patients rights--права пациентов--права пацієнтів--right to die--право на смерть--terminally ill patients--неизлечимо больные пациенты--невиліковно хворі пацієнти--palliative care--паллиативная помощь--паліативна допомога
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to explore the ways of euthanasia regulation and to propose the most effective one. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The authors of the article used the methods of analysis and synthesis, a comparative legal method. The scientific literature is evaluated and analyzed along with the experience of European countries, data of Ukrainian and international organizations and the results of scientific researches. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: the understanding of euthanasia should be reviewed in terms of the possibility in exceptional cases of its executing for terminally ill person. This is an inherent human right. However, it is established that the right to dispose of his life belongs exclusively to the bearer of this right and it cannot be delegated.
Работа с электронной копией документа возможна только в читальном зале библиотеки
, Работа с электронной копией документа возможна только в читальном зале библиотеки
,
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Prytyka, Yuriy, Komarov, Vyacheslav, Kravtsov, Serhij
Заглавие : Reforming the legislation on the international commercial arbitration of ukraine: Realities or myths
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 3. - p.117-128
ББК : Х939.4 + Х629.221
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): arbitration agreement--delocalisation--international commercial arbitration--угода про арбітраж--делокализация--міжнародний комерційний арбітраж--соглашение об арбитраже--делокалізація--международный коммерческий арбитраж
Аннотация: International commercial arbitration (ICA) is an alternative way to resolve foreign economic disputes. Initially, arbitration itself was seen as a neutral court in which the parties to the dispute were independent of national courts. Arbitration agreements and decisions must be recognised by national courts without any complications or review procedures. Although granting commercial parties some independence to agree that their dispute will be considered by independent arbitrators is a key principle in ICA, the struggle for supremacy between national laws and national courts on the one hand and the autonomy of the parties and the independence of the international arbitration system on the other continue. Over the years, national laws have sought to control, regulate, interfere with, or support ICA in various ways. To counter attempts to ‘localise’ ICA and promote equality in this area, private, professional institutions and international and intergovernmental organisations have developed a significant body of law designed to ensure self-government and dispute settlement procedures in ICA. Nevertheless, international commercial arbitration cannot exist independently of national jurisdictions. Examining the activities of ICA, it can be seen that the importance and impact of national arbitration laws and national judicial supervision are significantly reduced, but the lex fori still plays an important role in arbitration. Thus, the reform of the normative regulation of international arbitration also affected Ukraine. The article analyses the radical changes proposed by the legislator regarding the procedure for establishing institutional arbitrations, expanding the arbitrability of disputes.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Khotynska-Nor, Oksana Z., Moskvych, Lidiia
Заглавие : Limits of a judge’s freedom of expressing his/her own opinion: The Ukrainian context and ecthr practice
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 3. - p.170-180
ББК : Х629.01
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): authority of a judiciary--ethics of a judge
Аннотация: This paper examines the degree of permissible interference with a judge’s freedom of expressing his/her own opinion and convictions. A question is raised about the limits of a judge’s freedom of expression and discretion of the state in establishing his/her communicative behaviour, taking into account the established practice of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter ECtHR, the Court). Understanding these limits is important not only for individual judges but also for society as a whole, as restrictions on freedom of expression may affect the state’s perception of the rule of law. Systematic analysis of the key documents that regulate the issue of freedom of expression of a judge in Ukraine allows us to identify several spheres of imperative regulation of a judge’s behaviour in the context of communicative activity: during the administration of justice (in court procedure); in public speeches, particularly in the media; during the implementation of other activities not prohibited for the judge – literary, scientific, educational; during Internet communication; in everyday life. ECtHR case-law in the context of assessing the limits of a judge’s freedom of expressing one’s opinion develops in two directions. In the first, the judge’s freedom is considered in the context of Art. 10 (freedom of thought, conscience, and religion, freedom of expression, and freedom of assembly and association) of the European Convention on Human Rights (hereinafter ECHR, the Convention). In the second, the right to freedom of expression is limited to the right to a fair trial of others (in the context of impartiality and independence of a court within the meaning of Art. 6 of the ECHR). In general, the matter of judicial evaluation was the statements of judges concerning cases that were in their proceedings; those criticising judicial reform measures and other administrative actions; those which criticised their colleagues. The results of the analysis allow us to conclude that, despite the different preconditions, different circumstances, and varying implementation reflections, the freedom of a judge to express his/ her opinion is limited by his/her special status as a state servant (in a broad sense). Where the boundary is in a particular case should be determined by considering the specific circumstances. However, national law enforcement authorities must develop their own criteria for assessing the balance of public and private interests in a judge’s communicative behaviour.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pospelov, Boris, Andronov, Vladimir, Rybka, Evgenіy, Krainiukov, Olekcii, Maksymenko, Nadiya, Biryukov, Igor, Zhuravskij, Maxim, Bezuhla, Yuliia, Morozov, Ihor, Yevtushenko, Ihor
Заглавие : Devising a self-adjusting zero-order Brown’s model for predicting irreversible processes and phenomena
Место публикации : Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. - 2021. - Vol. 5, No. 10 (113). - P.40-47
УДК : 621.03.9
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air environment--current measure of recurrence--fire forecasting--ignition--self-adjusting brown’s model--повітряне середовище--поточна міра рецидиву--прогнозування пожежі--займання--модель брауна--воздушная среда --текущая мера повторяемости--прогнозирование пожаров--возгорание--модель брауна
Аннотация: A self-adjusting zero-order Brown’s model has been devised. This model makes it possible to predict with high accuracy not only fires in the premises but also irreversible processes and phenomena of a random and chaotic nature under actual conditions. The essence of the self-adjusting model is that, based on Kalman’s approach, it is proposed to set the smoothing parameter for each time moment. Such a parameter is determined depending on the resulting current forecast error, taking into consideration the real and unknown dynamics of the studied series and noise. That does not require the selection of the smoothing parameter characteristic of known models. In addition, the proposed Brown’s model, unlike the known modifications, does not require setting a dynamics model of the level of the examined time series. The self-adjusting model provides negli gible errors and efficiency of the forecast. The operability of the devised model was checked using an example of the experimental time series for the current measure of the recurrence of the increments of the state of the air medium in the laboratory chamber during alcohol combustion. As quantitative indicators of the quality of the forecast error, the current values for the square and absolute values were considered. It has been established that the current square of the forecast error is more than six orders of magnitude smaller compared to the case of a fixed smooth-ing parameter from a beyond-the-limit set. However, the current square of the forecast error for abrupt changes in the dynamics of the series level is half that of the fixed parameter of the beyond-the-limit set. It is noted that the results confirm the feasibility of the proposed self-adjusting Brown’s model.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Slinko, Tetiana, Letnianchyn, Liubomyr, Bayrachna, Larisa, Tkachenko, Yevhenii
Заглавие : The rule of law principle in the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P.165-177
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): rule of law--верховенство права--верховенство закона--constitutional state--конституционное государство--конституційна держава--human rights principle of proportionality--принцип пропорційності прав людини--принцип соразмерности прав человека--direct action of norms of the сonstitution of ukraine--пряма дія норм конституції україни--прямое действие норм конституции украины--constitutional court of ukraine--конституционный суд украины--конституційний суд україни
Аннотация: Background: The Constitutional Court of Ukraine and courts of general jurisdiction play one of the main roles in the application of the rule of law. The article is devoted to the study of the constitutionalisation of the principle of the rule of law, as well as its constituent elements, in particular, the principle of legal certainty, proportionality, and direct action of the Constitution of Ukraine. The article analyses the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the content of the above elements of the rule of law. It is emphasised that the principle of proportionality is fundamental to defining the limits of human rights. The content of this fundamental principle is manifested in the proportionally reasonable relation between the purpose of restricting a certain human right and the means used by the state to limit it. In addition, it is noted that the principle of direct action of the Constitution as an element of the rule of law has limited effect and relates mainly to provisions on human and civil rights and freedoms, as well as the provisions of new procedural codes introducing a novelty, which are generally perceived positively. Methods: The paper used the following methods of analysis and synthesis to examine the main approaches to the definition of the rule of law and its individual elements: the system-structural method, which allowed us to give a structural description of the principle of the rule of law, as well as to analyse the content of its elements, and the logical-legal method, which provided an opportunity to clarify the content of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the interpretation of the rule of law. Results and Conclusions: Theoretical and practical approaches to substantiating the nature of the rule of law and the content of its structural elements in the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine were developed and analysed.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Korol, Volodymyr, Dmytryk, Olga, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Riadinska, Valeriia, Basiuk, Oleksandr, Kobylnik, Dmytro, Moroz, Volodymyr, Safronova, Olha, Alisov, Eugene, Mishchenko, Tetyana
Заглавие : Elaboration of recommendations on the development of the state internal audit system when applying the digital technologies
Место публикации : Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. - 2022. - Vol. 1, Iss. 13. - P.39-48
УДК : 657.6:347.73 + 347.73:657.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): audit development--digital technologies--digitization--financial audit--state internal audit--розробка аудиту--цифрові технології--оцифровка--фінансовий аудит--державний внутрішній аудит--разработка аудита--цифровые технологии--оцифровка--финансовый аудит--государственный внутренний аудит
Аннотация: Recommendations for the development of a state internal audit system in conditions of using digital technologies have been elaborated. It was established that the procedures of conducting state internal audits change under influence of digitization. Conformity of the stages of audit digitization and the applied digital technologies was established. Foreign experience in the digitization of the state internal audit was analyzed. It was also established that the active application of artificial intelligence technologies may be one of the probable scenarios of the development of the state internal audit system in foreign countries in the near future. Types of digital technologies were systematized depending on the field of state internal audit. It was found that the maximum effect from the use of digital technologies in the field of audit will take place in the case of their synergistic combination. Coordinated interaction between constituent elements of the state internal audit has been established. This has made it possible to present the process of development of the state internal audit system in conditions of digitization and determine its main objective: ensure greater transparency and efficiency of accounting for tangible assets by means of new digital technologies. Taking into account the above, a mechanism of development of the system of state internal audit in conditions of use of digital technologies was offered. It is based on corresponding directions and measures. It was established that to assess the efficiency of development of the state internal audit system in conditions of application of digital technologies, it is advisable to use the indicators reflecting overall results of measures taken in state financial control. The application of the proposed mechanism will make it possible to establish the effect of digital technologies on the development of the state internal audit.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Urazova, Ganna, Yanyshen, Victor, Baranova, Liudmyla
Заглавие : Who is the Owner? Newly Discovered Circumstances and the Principle of Legal Certainty in a Single Case Study
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P.193-202
УДК : 347.91/.95
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): newly discovered circumstance--вновь открывшееся обстоятельство--нововиявлена обставина--civil proceedings--цивільне судочинство--гражданское судопроизводство--principle of legal certainty--принцип правовой определенности--принцип правової визначеності--right to a fair trial--право на справедливий суд--право на справедливое судебное разбирательство--ukrainian law--украинское право--українське право
Аннотация: Background: The protection of property rights is one of the cornerstones of legal order. If we were uncertain whether ownership would be protected from claims or whether contract obligations would be executed properly, we could not regulate relations effectively. Courts play a crucial role in this mechanism of protecting the owner's rights, giving parties possibilities for defence. This note is related to one of the last judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the focus of which is on newly discovered circumstances and the principle of legal certainty. The facts of this case arose from a property sale contract with a condition, the validity of which led to the consideration of multiple cases by different Ukrainian courts. Methods: In light of the above, an analysis of this ECtHR judgment, as well as the final and interim decisions of Ukrainian courts, with regard to Ukrainian legislation and case law was prepared. The main challenge was the absence of the oldest decisions of national courts in the state register of court decisions, which contains only decisions from 2011. Even so, the facts of this case were described in detail in the latest courts decisions. Results and Conclusions: The following analysis provides an argument against reopening procedure without proper grounds, which lead to the violation of the right to a fair trial in civil procedure in Ukraine.
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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава