Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zhuravel, Volodymyr A., Konovalova, Violetta E., Avdeyeva, Galina K.
Заглавие : Reliability evaluation of a forensic expert's opinion: World practices and ukrainian realities
Параллельн. заглавия :Оцінка достовірності висновку судового експерта: світові практики та українські реалії
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.252-261
УДК : 343.98
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): access to justice--appealing the expert opinion--knowledgeable persons--objectivity of the expert opinion--reviewing the expert opinion--validity of the expert opinion--доступ к правосудию--заключение эксперта--объективные факторы--пересмотр заключения эксперта--доступ до правосуддя--висновок експерта--об'єктивні ознаки--перегляд висновку експерта
Аннотация: Improving the activities of pre-trial investigation and judicial review largely depends on the increased use of special knowledge in forensic investigative practice and, above all, the involvement of an expert and their analysis. The relevance of the subject matter is explained by the need to introduce new forms and approaches to evaluating the reliability of expert opinions, in particular with the involvement of independent specialists of the corresponding speciality. The purpose of this study was to provide arguments regarding the expediency of attracting knowledgeable persons as reviewers to evaluate the objectivity and completeness of forensic analysis, the correctness of the methods and techniques applied by the expert, and the validity of the opinion. To achieve this purpose, the following general scientific and special research methods were used: Aristotelian, comparative legal, functional, sociological, statistical, system and formal legal analysis, legal modelling, and forecasting. It was established that in the vast majority of countries of the world, except Ukraine, an independent, knowledgeable person with special knowledge in the corresponding field is involved to help evaluate the reliability of an expert opinion. It was proved that contacting knowledgeable persons to evaluate the objectivity, validity, completeness of expert research helps establish the causality between the identified features of the object of analysis and the fact that is subject to establishment, and also gives grounds for determining the affiliation, admissibility, reliability, and sufficiency of the expert opinion. At the same time, a specialist's review cannot serve as a source of evidence, but only has an auxiliary (advisory, technical) nature and can serve as a basis for appointing a second (additional) forensic analysis or a cross-examination of the expert and the reviewer. To exercise the rights of individuals to fair justice, it is proposed to introduce this procedure for evaluating the reliability of expert opinions in Ukraine, with the necessary changes in the current procedural legislation of Ukraine to provide an opportunity for participants in criminal proceedings and the victim to attract knowledgeable persons as reviewers of expert opinions.
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2.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yermolaieva, Tetiana, Plyokhova, Anastasia
Заглавие : Some aspects of environmental rights protection
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 3. - p.198-204
ББК : Х625.80
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ecthr case law--environmental justice --environmental rights protection--principles of environmental safety laws--судове право єспл--екологічне правосуддя--захист екологічних прав--принципи законів про екологічну безпеку--право еспч--экологическое правосудие--защита экологических прав--принципы законов об экологической безопасности
Аннотация: This note addresses some aspects of the basic principles of environmental rights protection and ECtHR practice. In particular, it analyses the new directions for environmental rights protection that the ECtHR gave us in Tătar v Romania. Some inconsistency of the ECtHR is highlighted since the case-law of environmental principles varies. Significant and important steps towards recognising the importance of procedural rights associated with public participation as this principle are indicated in international environmental law more generally. On the other hand, the Court’s more recent forays into the territory of other environmental principles – particularly that of the precautionary principle – suggests that the Court is less eager to develop its extensive environmental case-law considering the principle of precaution.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Urazova, Ganna, Yanyshen, Victor, Baranova, Liudmyla
Заглавие : Who is the Owner? Newly Discovered Circumstances and the Principle of Legal Certainty in a Single Case Study
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P.193-202
УДК : 347.91/.95
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): newly discovered circumstance--вновь открывшееся обстоятельство--нововиявлена обставина--civil proceedings--цивільне судочинство--гражданское судопроизводство--principle of legal certainty--принцип правовой определенности--принцип правової визначеності--right to a fair trial--право на справедливий суд--право на справедливое судебное разбирательство--ukrainian law--украинское право--українське право
Аннотация: Background: The protection of property rights is one of the cornerstones of legal order. If we were uncertain whether ownership would be protected from claims or whether contract obligations would be executed properly, we could not regulate relations effectively. Courts play a crucial role in this mechanism of protecting the owner's rights, giving parties possibilities for defence. This note is related to one of the last judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the focus of which is on newly discovered circumstances and the principle of legal certainty. The facts of this case arose from a property sale contract with a condition, the validity of which led to the consideration of multiple cases by different Ukrainian courts. Methods: In light of the above, an analysis of this ECtHR judgment, as well as the final and interim decisions of Ukrainian courts, with regard to Ukrainian legislation and case law was prepared. The main challenge was the absence of the oldest decisions of national courts in the state register of court decisions, which contains only decisions from 2011. Even so, the facts of this case were described in detail in the latest courts decisions. Results and Conclusions: The following analysis provides an argument against reopening procedure without proper grounds, which lead to the violation of the right to a fair trial in civil procedure in Ukraine.
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4.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tsuvina, Tetiana, Vakhonieva, Tetiana
Заглавие : Law of Ukraine ‘On mediation’: main achievements and further steps of developing mediation in Ukraine
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P.142-153
УДК : 347.92
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): court mediation--mandatory mediation--mediation--mediator--судова медіація--обов'язкове посередництво--медіація--посередник--судебная медиация--медиация--посредничество
Аннотация: Background: Although mediation is considered one of the most popular ways of consensual dispute resolution, for many years, mediation in Ukraine had no legislative regulation. This was one of the obstacles that restrained alternative dispute resolution (ADR) development in Ukraine, even though the mediation community had been growing. Eventually, the Law of Ukraine ‘On mediation’ was adopted on 16 November 2021. Methods: The article is devoted to distinctive features of the new Ukrainian legislative mediation regulation that are decisive for the national mediation model, such as the definition and principle of mediation, its principles and scope, requirements for mediators, etc. Special attention is paid to the perspective and challenges for the mandatory mediation in terms of the provisions of Art. 124 of the Constitution of Ukraine and European standards for access to court (para. 1 Art. 6 of the ECHR). The article addresses organisational and procedural aspects of integrating mediation into judicial proceedings. Different models of integrating mediation into the Ukrainian court system piloted in Ukraine are analysed. The authors define current trends in the development of mediation in Ukraine. Results and Conclusions: The authors conclude that the adoption of the Law ‘On mediation’ contributes to the ADR movement in Ukraine but needs some further steps, such as developing a national model of court mediation, the amendment of procedural legislation introducing a special procedure that would lead to the enforcement of agreements resulting from international mediation in commercial disputes, and the adoption of special regulation for integrating mediation into other jurisdictional activities (notariat, system of legal aid).
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5.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tkachenko, Yevhenii, Dakhova, Iryna, Zazuliak, Zoriana
Заглавие : The protection of the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples in Ukraine: Theory and practice
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 4. - P.146-162
УДК : 342.71
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): citizenship--indigenous peoples--judicial protection of rights--national minorities--national-ethnic relations--громадянство--корінні народи--судовий захист прав--національні меншини--національно-етнічні відносини--гражданство--коренные народы--судебная защита прав--национальные меньшинства--национально-этнические отношения
Аннотация: This note is focused on the problems of ensuring the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples in Ukraine. These issues are considered in accordance with theoretical approaches in the social sciences, as well as the practice of protecting the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples in Ukraine. Court decisions on discrimination against the rights of these vulnerable groups are analysed. The research is aimed at the scientific search for ways to improve the legal regulation of national-ethnic relations to ensure the rights of national minorities and groups. In accordance with a comprehensive theoretical and practical approach, an analysis of Ukrainian legislation and case-law on the protection of the rights of national minorities and indigenous people is given. Problems of ensuring the rights of national minorities and indigenous peoples are revealed. Some promising legislative improvements are proposed to eliminate violations and ensure the rights of these groups.
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6.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 342.56/T37
Автор(ы) : Teremetskyi, Vladyslav, Duliba, Yevheniia, Drozdova, Olena, Zhukovska, Liudmyla, Sivash, Olena, Dziuba, Iurii
Заглавие : Access to Justice and Legal Aid for Vulnerable Groups: New Challenges Caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic
Место публикации : Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2021. - Vol. 24, Spec. Iss. 1. - P.1-11
УДК : 342.56
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): access to justice--civil society--covid-19--equal access--human rights--justice gap--justice systems--legal aid--legal awareness--rule of law--vulnerable--доступ до правосуддя--громадянське суспільство--права людини--рівні права--система правосуддя--юридична допомога--правова грамотність--верховенство права--вразливі групи населення--доступ к правосудию--гражданское общество--права человека--равные права--система правосудия--юридическая помощь--правовая грамотность
Аннотация: The unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the realization of human rights has disproportionately affected vulnerable groups and created a global gap injustice, a gap in human rights from discrimination and poverty in access to social protection and basic services, insufficient or no access to justice, lack of access to justice. Legal aid. This article deals with current issues of access to justice and legal aid for the vulnerable during thepandemic of COVID-19. It is concluded that no country will be able to ensure the implementation of goal 16.3 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals on 2030 on equal access to justice for all until has not focused on closing the global justice gap, increasing access to justice, providing legal aid to the most vulnerable groups. For the implementation of the policy of access to justice for vulnerable states must have a different approach to justice – a people-centered approach to justice that puts consideration of the individual at the heart of justice responses by providing access to information, programs and policies. Ensuring equal access to justice, access to legal aid, an increased level of legal awareness among vulnerable groups, and a vibrant strong civil society, that contribute to access to justice, are key criteria for ensuring access to justice for vulnerable people. Providing equal access to justice through access to legal aid is key to ensuring access to justice in any state. Today it is important to overcome barriers to access to justice, such as the digital barrier, barriers related to financial costs, complexity, lack of information and access to services, and lack of access to legal aid or representation. States should be effective, must guarantee credible commitment, support coordination, and promote cooperation. States, justice systems must collaborate with public organizations and civil society to address the root causes of disputes and avert violence, conflict, and human rights abuses.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sokolova, Alla, Cherkashyna, Maryna
Заглавие : The legal regulation of the use of natural healing resources: the theory and practice of disputes resolution
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 2. - P.144-163. - У WoS не зазначено: Vol. 4.
УДК : 349.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): the right to use natural resources--право на использование природных ресурсов--право користування природними ресурсами--the use of natural resources for health and recreational purposes--использование природных ресурсов в оздоровительных и рекреационных целях--використання природних ресурсів в оздоровчих та рекреаційних цілях--natural healing resources--природные лечебные ресурсы--природні цілющі ресурси--the use and protection of natural healing resources--використання та охорона природних цілющих ресурсів--использование и защита природных лечебных ресурсов--climate as a healing resource--климат как лечебный ресурс--клімат як цілющий ресурс
Аннотация: The article is devoted to the issue of regulating the use of natural healing resources in Ukraine, the European Union, and other countries. Natural resources have been found to have many functions, but one of the most important is the ability to use them as a means of preserving or maintaining human health. For this reason, natural healing resources are subject to a special legal regime. Public relations arising from the use and protection of natural healing resources are subjected to legal regulation and devoted to the identification and accounting of natural healing resources, ensuring their rational extraction, use, and protection in order to create favourable conditions for treatment, disease prevention, and recreation. Despite the wide range of healing properties in various natural objects, the environmental legislation of Ukraine contains only a small number of rules on their use. This problem is most fully disclosed in the Water Code of Ukraine, which not only enshrines the procedure for assigning certain water resources to the category of healing but also provides for the adoption of special law statutes and regulations regarding the list of existing water bodies in Ukraine and their inherent healing functions. These regulations highlight the fact that most of the natural healing resources specified in the list belong to the sphere of subsoil use. However, there are no norms in the Subsoil Code of Ukraine that would regulate the use and protection of such objects. Instead, the Subsoil Code of Ukraine contains general rules on basic requirements in the field of subsoil protection, as well as a special article on the protection of subsoil areas of special scientific or cultural value. Healing resources are not mentioned, which is a glaring omission. Situation analysis of the national legal system regarding the use of natural healing resources has shown the need to restructure the legislation, with the primary task of protecting and preserving the healing properties of such sources. For this purpose, the existing practice of public relations among developed European countries, as well as the positive experience in this area, should be taken into account to achieve effective improvement of the legislation system of Ukraine. Studying the issue of prosecution for violation of the rules on the use of natural healing resources or causing damage to them suggests that the national legal system is based on economic interests, without prioritising the preservation of the healing value of such sources. As a result, Ukraine's policy to preserve the healing properties of natural objects is not characterised by effective methods, significantly reducing the number of such unique and useful resources. The analysis of court cases is evidence that the practice of effective protection and restoration of healing resources is not common. The number of such cases is currently too small when compared with those regarding damages to such natural resources caused by legal entities and individuals.
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8.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Slinko, Tetiana, Letnianchyn, Liubomyr, Bayrachna, Larisa, Tkachenko, Yevhenii
Заглавие : The rule of law principle in the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P.165-177
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): rule of law--верховенство права--верховенство закона--constitutional state--конституционное государство--конституційна держава--human rights principle of proportionality--принцип пропорційності прав людини--принцип соразмерности прав человека--direct action of norms of the сonstitution of ukraine--пряма дія норм конституції україни--прямое действие норм конституции украины--constitutional court of ukraine--конституционный суд украины--конституційний суд україни
Аннотация: Background: The Constitutional Court of Ukraine and courts of general jurisdiction play one of the main roles in the application of the rule of law. The article is devoted to the study of the constitutionalisation of the principle of the rule of law, as well as its constituent elements, in particular, the principle of legal certainty, proportionality, and direct action of the Constitution of Ukraine. The article analyses the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the content of the above elements of the rule of law. It is emphasised that the principle of proportionality is fundamental to defining the limits of human rights. The content of this fundamental principle is manifested in the proportionally reasonable relation between the purpose of restricting a certain human right and the means used by the state to limit it. In addition, it is noted that the principle of direct action of the Constitution as an element of the rule of law has limited effect and relates mainly to provisions on human and civil rights and freedoms, as well as the provisions of new procedural codes introducing a novelty, which are generally perceived positively. Methods: The paper used the following methods of analysis and synthesis to examine the main approaches to the definition of the rule of law and its individual elements: the system-structural method, which allowed us to give a structural description of the principle of the rule of law, as well as to analyse the content of its elements, and the logical-legal method, which provided an opportunity to clarify the content of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the interpretation of the rule of law. Results and Conclusions: Theoretical and practical approaches to substantiating the nature of the rule of law and the content of its structural elements in the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine were developed and analysed.
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9.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shygal, Denys, Omarova, Aisel
Заглавие : Evaluation of the results of the historical and legal comparison of the juvenile justice of Ukraine and Poland in the 1920s
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4 , Iss. 2. - P.67-85. - У WoS не зазначено: Vol. 4.
УДК : 340.15(477+438)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): evaluation of results--forecasting--historical and legal comparison--interpretation--juvenile commissions--juvenile courts--juvenile justice--історико-правовий аналіз--історико-правове порівняння--неповнолітні--ювенальні суди--ювенальна юстиція--історія держави і права зарубіжних країн--історія держави і права україни--історія держави і права польщі--историко-правовая оценка--историко-правовой анализ--ювенальная юстиция--ювенальные суды--история государства и права
Аннотация: The methodology of comparative historical and legal research is extremely complex, as each stage puts forward a number of specific requirements for the qualification of a historian, as well as for the procedure for working with historical and legal material. However, despite the importance of comparative analysis, which consists of comparing historical and legal objects, the stage of interpreting and evaluating the results of comparative research remains the priority in the context of heuristic knowledge. However, there are still no clear algorithms by which the comparative historian can perform this task, nor is there a general understanding of the direction in which the data obtained during the historical-legal comparison should be explained. Particular difficulties arise in interpreting the results of the comparison of specific historical and legal objects such as the court and the judiciary. In this article, we try to overcome this discrepancy between the theory and practice of the comparative historical and legal method using the comparative analysis of juvenile justice in Ukraine and Poland in the 1920s, recreating the sequence of actions of a comparative historian, which lead to important scientific results. The structure of the article is determined by its main task and therefore begins with the coverage of theoretical and methodological principles of interpretation and evaluation of the results of comparative historical and legal analysis. In particular, this part deals with the main approaches to the explanation of the data obtained during the comparison of historical and legal objects, as well as the primary rules and principles of their interpretation. The next part of the article is devoted to a specific example comparing juvenile commissions of the Ukrainian SSR and juvenile courts and probation officers of Poland in the 1920s and further explanation of the information obtained. Finally, the last part of the article explores the possibilities and prospects of historical and legal forecasting at the stage of evaluating the results of a comparative study.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shepitko, Mykhaylo
Заглавие : Counteraction to miscarriage of justice in Ukraine
Место публикации : Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2019. - Issue: 2. - P.96-105
УДК : 343.1 + 343.11
ББК : Х893.8
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): counteraction--противодействие--протидія--measures--меры--заходи--miscarriage of justice--судебная ошибка --судова помилка--influence of justice--влияние правосудия --вплив правосуддя--crime against justice--преступление против правосудия--злочин проти правосуддя--illegal verdict--незаконный приговор--незаконний вирок--judge--судья--суддя--fair trial--справедливое судебное разбирательство --справедливий судовий розгляд--court--суд
Аннотация: Investigation of crimes against justice in Ukraine is among topical problems of miscarriage of justice. Hundreds of criminal cases are recorded as a crime in the Official Register in Ukraine but only a few have been brought to the court. In this article we try to approach this problem in three ways: from the point of view of criminal law, criminal procedure and criminalistic measures of counteraction to miscarriage of justice. Such an approach helps to demonstrate problems of investigator, prosecutor and judge at different stages of criminal proceeding. Special attention is paid to specific regulation of the issues of criminal proceedings against a certain category of persons, including judges. Mistakes of representatives of law enforcement bodies become visible as a result of analyzing of real criminal cases. Such an analysis is aimed to disclose the problem of counteraction to miscarriage of justice in Ukraine.
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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава