Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : PubMed ID33611270/L11
Автор(ы) : Baulin, Yuriy V., Rohozhyn, Borys A. , Vyshnevska I. A.
Заглавие : Labour safety of medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: legal aspect
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Iss. 12, cz. 2. - P.2709-2714
УДК : 342.72/.73:614
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): безпека праці--медичні працівники--covid-19--трудові права--правове забезпечення--безопасность труда--медицинские работники--правовое обеспечение--employee health--means of protection--pandemics
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: To develop an algorithm of legal support of the system that guarantees safe working conditions of medical workers at medical institutions during the COVID-19 outbreak. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The following materials were used in the paper: Interim Recommendations of the World Health Organization, documents of The World Medical Association, international human rights instruments, international labour protection acts, European health legislation, the decision of the European Court of Human Rights, judicial practiceand survey of 60 specialists. The following methods were used in the paper: system method, comparative method, the method of questionnaires and formal logical method. RESULTS: Results: The survey of physicians allowed to state the need to create local protocols or technological maps of the use of personal protective equipment and the development and approval of the relevant results of their use - standards to ensure safe working conditions. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Proposals for legal support of the system of guaranteeing safe working conditions for medical workers at the local level have been formulated. Every medical enterprise should have a system of guaranteeing safe working conditions for medical workers by: distribution of responsibilities between the heads of medical enterprises, issuing departmental and local acts on ensuring their work and acquainting medical workers with them, ensuring proper quality and quantity of personal protective equipment and, accordingly, monitoring their use and the functioning of the system of guaranteeing safe conditions.
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2.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 61/P30
Автор(ы) : Pashkov, Vitalii M., Harkusha, Andrii O.
Заглавие : Enforceability of non-compete agreements in medical practice: between law and ethics
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2019. - Vol. 72, Issue: 12 cz 2. - P.2421-2426
УДК : 61
ББК : Х623.211.84
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): covenant not to compete--завет не конкурировать--заповіт не конкурувати--medical staff--медицинский персонал--non-compete agreement--неконкурентное соглашение--non-compete clause--неконкурентное предложение--physician employees--медицинские работники--медичні працівники
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: Introduction: The core of physician's non-compete agreements problematics lies in complex system of controversial interests, rights and goals of subjects involved. On the one hand non-compete restrictions and their enforceability is an obvious part of employer's legitimate business interest based on the freedom of contract, on the other - free unrestricted market, preventing of monopolization, availability of medical assistance and healthcare, right to choose a doctor are social standards and thus - a part of public interest, in addition to this - non-compete restrictions impact physician's right to work. Balance between these components is pretty sensitive and hard to achieve. We can find enforceability of physician's non-compete provisions in different types of relations: employment contracts, partnership agreements, sale of medical practice. But complexity of mixing law, ethical, social issues along with different approaches of legal regulations rises the relevance of research. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Material and methods: This study is based on German, British, Spain, Swiss, USA regulation acts, scientific researches and opinions of progressive-minded people in this sphere. The article is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic and comprehensive methods. RESULTS: Results: Non-compete agreements may have social benefits in some situations: serve as an instrument to protect trade secrets thus stimulate innovation; reducing of worker's exit probability could increase quality of medical services due to training of employees etc. But also, there are some serious risks to employee, to employer and to society as a whole. Analyzing the sense of non-compete clause in general we can assume that it includes seven main points: the subject; the form; the time; the territory; the scope and type of restrictions; "buy out" of the clause and the compensation. These characteristics are the core of non-compete clause, and, taking into account the principle of freedom in terms of agreement conclusion, it is up to law enforcement practice to determine minimal and maximal limits of such restrictions. US legal concept is clearly based on implementing of legally prescribed restrictions for non-compete with physicians (along with other categories). European practice being pretty similar in view on what non-compete agreement is and what principles it is based on however is obviously different in approach chosen because of absence of special legal provisions for physicians' non-compete regulation. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: Lack of legal regulation and law enforcement practice in this sphere worldwide is obvious, so the starting point in resolving of physician's non-compete enforceability issue will be choosing of suitable concept. Analyzing of proposed concepts, we came to the conclusion that the most perspective will be an approach of specification and clarification of "reasonability" meaning in terms of evaluation physicians' non-compete agreement validity and their impact on public interest.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : Х916.7/Z11
Автор(ы) : Zabuha Y. Y., Mykhailichenko, Tetiana, Morochkovska O. V.
Заглавие : Overview and analysis of occupational risks in healthcare of eastern europe countries
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2019. - Vol. 72, Iss. 12, cz. 2. - p.2510-2517
ББК : Х916.7
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): infectious disease--medical workes--occupational disease--professional risk--the responsibility--инфекционное заболевание--медицинские работники--профессиональное заболевание--профессиональный риск--ответственность--інфекційне захворювання--медичні працівники--професійне захворювання--професійний ризик--відповідальність
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Occupational risks affecting each healthcare professional are diverse and significantly affect their physical and psychological condition. They can conditionally be divided into risks resulting from: 1) the impact of the work process and pose a risk to the life and health of healthcare professionals; 2) the activities of healthcare professionals and pose a potential risk to the patients lives and health. The latter group poses a threat of criminal liability for the healthcare professional. It is the task of each state to ensure safe working conditions for the effective performance of their duties by healthcare specialists. However, according to the study, the analyzed Eastern European countries lack accurate statistics on occupational diseases of healthcare professionals, while the latter often do not seek specialized care and are treated on their own. The aim: to identify the types and causes of occupational risks for healthcare professionals working in the countries of Eastern Europe; to investigate the legislation of these countries under which medical professionals may be prosecuted/held guilty and, thus, criminally liable for causing harm to their patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Legislation of the Republic of Belarus, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation and Ukraine, international declarations and conventions, research papers, case law of the European Court of Human Rights, national court decisions of some East European countries. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Occupational risks to the healthcare professionals are risks to his or her life and health and risks of criminal liability for causing harm to the patient. The causes of the first type risk are: a significant prevalence proportion of infectious diseases; the use of faulty medical equipment; unregulated working day and low salaries; medical attendance of patients prone to aggression, etc. The healthcare professional shall be criminally responsible only if he/she is found guilty for infliction of harm to the life and health of the patient and the presence of the obligatory signs of a specific crime in his/her actions.
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