Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yaroshenko, Oleg M., Tomashevski, Kirill L.
Заглавие : The impact of COVID-19 on labour and social security relations: Rule-making experience of Belarus and Ukraine
Параллельн. заглавия :Вплив COVID-19 на трудові і соціально-забезпечувальні відносини: нормотворчий досвід Білорусі та України
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P.211-221
УДК : 349.2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): covid-19--labour law--labour relations--remote work--social security--transfers--пандемия--трудовое право--трудовые правоотношения--удаленная работа--дистанционная работа--трансфер--пандемія--трудове право--трудові правовідносини--віддалена робота--дистанційна робота
Аннотация: The article presents a brief analysis of the situation in Belarus and Ukraine with the spread of coronavirus COVID-19 and measures taken by employers to optimise labour and social security relations during 2020. A brief overview of the decisions taken by Presidents, Parliaments, Governments and Ministry of Healthcare of both countries aimed at containment of coronavirus infection is presented. The latest changes in the Labour Code of Belarus and Labour Code of Ukraine, which regulated remote work since 2020, were touched upon. Attention is paid to the concept of self-isolation under the legislation of Belarus and Ukraine, restrictive measures that must be observed when self-isolating citizens in connection with COVID-19 infection, as well as level 1st and 2nd contacts. The authors analyse the new legislative provisions governing home and remote work, introduced into the labour legislation in Belarus in 2020, in Ukraine in 2020 and 2021. The article presents the specific experience of Belarus, where the presidential decree extended the rights of employers to temporarily transfer employees without their consent, as well as to change essential working conditions, and without making changes to the Labour Code. The authors give an assessment of such legislative innovations. The article deals with some issues of social support for employees who find themselves in a situation of downtime due to the suspension of the activities of organisations that are idle, as well as self-isolation. At the end of the article, some suggestions and recommendations are made for further adaptation of labour and social security legislation in Belarus and Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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2.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 341.1/.8/T37
Автор(ы) : Teremetskyi, Vladyslav, Duliba, Yevheniia, Didkivska, Galyna, Maliarova, Valeriia, Kostenko, Maryna, Hrytsai, Serhii
Заглавие : Responsibility for ensuring the world biosafety: rethinking in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Место публикации : Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2021. - Vol. 24, Iss. 3. - P.1-12
УДК : 341.1/.8
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): covid-19 pandemic--bioterrorism--biosafety--biological weapons--international responsibility--global health-care--пандемія covid-19--біотероризм--біобезпека--біологічна зброя--міжнародна відповідальність--глобальна охорона здоров’я--пандемия covid-19--биобезопасность--биотерроризм--биологическое оружие--международная ответственность
Аннотация: The article provides insights on the current mechanisms for regulating relations in the field of global health and international interaction in the world, holding the States of the world internationally responsible for internationally wrongful acts in the field of health, including consideration of the nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Significant attention is paid to find the response to the question of what COVID-19 pandemic a health emergency is or bioterrorism. It analyses the current international norms governing the field of the production and use of biological weapons, with particular emphasis on standards of regulation and international responsibility in this field. The findings of this study suggest that biosafety worldwide is a key dimension of global security and ensuring world peace. This study also recommended the establishment of the strong global norm that would provide for verification of disarmament and compliance with the Biological Weapons Convention, the responsibility of States to develop, manufacture, and accumulate of biological weapons should be adapted to that end. Furthermore, it is noted that the world community should reconsider the position on the mechanism of investigations by the United Nations Security Council, as well as the procedure for the use of the veto of the five permanent members of the Security Council in any decision concerning the maintenance of international peace and security.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tatsii, Vasyl Ya., Bilousov, Yevhen M., Kosinova, Daryna S.
Заглавие : Economic sovereignty and economic security of Ukraine (Interrelation and mutual understanding) in the context of their doctrinal and legal support
Параллельн. заглавия :Економічний суверенітет та економічна безпека України (взаємозв’язок та взаєморозуміння) в контексті їх доктринального та правового забезпечення
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 3. - P.209-223
УДК : 351.863:371.214.2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): economic security--economic sovereignty--national interests--national security systems--state sovereignty--економічна безпека--економічний суверенітет--національні інтереси--національна безпека--державний суверенітет--экономическая безопасность--экономический суверенитет--национальные интересы--национальная безопасность--государственный суверенитет
Аннотация: The purpose of this article is to address current issues of doctrinal and legal security of economic security of the state with the actualisation of issues concerning the relationship between the concepts of “economic security” and “economic sovereignty” in their relationship and mutual understanding. The authors pay attention to the analysis of existing in the national legal doctrines of individual countries scientific approaches to the definition of “economic sovereignty”, clarify its main features, analyse the scientific approaches of domestic and foreign researchers to define the concept of “economic security” and on this basis own vision of the instrumental content of these definitions. It is argued that the concept of “economic sovereignty” is primary in relation to the concept of “economic security”. The article examines the national systems (models) of economic security of the state, including, in particular, American, Japanese, Chinese, models of institutional entities (in particular, the EU), models typical of countries with economies in transition. The authors found that Ukraine is characterised by a system (model) of economic security of countries with economies in transition, which is fragmented and inconsistent in its construction, which ultimately affects the state of economic security of the state as a whole. It was found that the main goal of Ukraine at this stage of its development in the context of building a national model of economic security is to create an effective system of means to overcome or minimise existing or potential threats, especially in the context of globalisation of trade and economic relations. The paper emphasises the need to borrow positive foreign experience of legal support of relations for the creation and implementation of national systems of economic security of the state to gradually transform Ukraine into an important participant in the processes of international economic security.Метою цієї статті є звернення до актуальних проблем доктринального і правового забезпечення економічної безпеки держави з актуалізацією питань щодо співвідношення понять «економічна безпека» та «економічний суверенітет» у їх взаємозв’язку та взаєморозумінні. В роботі авторами приділено увагу аналізу існуючих у національних правових доктринах окремих держав світу наукових підходів до визначення поняття «економічний суверенітет», з’ясовано його основні ознаки, проаналізовано наукові підходи вітчизняних та зарубіжних дослідників щодо визначення поняття «економічна безпека» та на підставі цього наведено власне бачення інструментального наповнення цих дефініцій. Аргументовано, що поняття «економічний суверенітет» є первинним стосовно поняття «економічна безпека». У статті досліджено національні системи (моделі) забезпечення економічної безпеки держави, серед яких, зокрема, американська, японська, китайська, моделі інституційних утворень (зокрема, ЄС), моделі, характерні для держав з перехідною економікою. Авторами встановлено, що для України характерною є система (модель) економічної безпеки держав з перехідною економікою, яка вирізняється фрагментарністю та непослідовністю її побудови, що в кінцевому результаті впливає на стан забезпечення економічної безпеки держави в цілому. З’ясовано, що основною метою України на даному етапі її розвитку в контексті побудови національної моделі забезпечення економічної безпеки є створення ефективної системи засобів подолання або мінімізації наявних чи потенційних загроз, особливо в умовах глобалізації торговельно-економічних відносин. В роботі наголошується на необхідності запозичення позитивного зарубіжного досвіду правового забезпечення відносин із створення та запровадження національних систем забезпечення економічної безпеки держави з метою поступового перетворення України на вагомого учасника процесів забезпечення міжнародної економічної безпеки.
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4.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : PMID: 35029583/S70
Автор(ы) : Sokolova, Alla K., Cherkashyna, Maryna K.
Заглавие : Legal aspects of using natural resources for health and recreational purposes to ensure human right to health care
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P.3077-3084
УДК : 349.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): legal regulation of using natural resources for health and recreational purposes--natural resources--the concept of sustainable development--the right to health care--the right to use nature--правове регулювання використання природних ресурсів в оздоровчо-рекреаційних цілях--природні ресурси--концепція сталого розвитку--право на охорону здоров'я--право користування природою--правовое регулирование использования природных ресурсов в оздоровительных и рекреационных целях--природные ресурсы--концепция устойчивого развития--право на охрану здоровья--право пользования природой
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: Is to conduct a comparative legal analysis of the use of natural resources for health and recreation purposes in Ukraine, the European Union, and other countries to improve the scientific theoretical basis of the legal regulation for the use, protection, and conservation of such natural resources. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The national and international legal instruments regulating the rights to health and the right to use natural resources for health and recreational purposes were examined by analyzing practices of foreign states in the field of these legal relations, in particular, the comparative-legal, complex, formal, and logical, structural and functional methods along with analytical and empirical research tools. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The legislation of Ukraine does not fully disclose the concepts, features, classification of natural healing and recreational resources, and therefore many aspects of their use, protection, and conservation remain uncertain and unsecured provisions of regulations. The article features approaches to improving the current ecological legislation promoting proper legal regulation of using natural resources for health and recreational purposes, thereby creating the necessary conditions to ensure the right to health care.
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5.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shylo, Olha H., Hlynska N. V.
Заглавие : Legal means of procuring the unity application of the criminal procedure law
Параллельн. заглавия :Правові засоби забезпечення єдності застосування кримінального процесуального закону
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 2. - P.156-169
УДК : 343.1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): кримінальний процес--кримінальний закон--судова практика (практика судів)--єдність судової практики--уголовный процесс--судебная практика (практика судов)--единство судебной практики--judicial practice--uniformity of judicial practice--quality of criminal procedural law--judicial discretion
Аннотация: Ensuring the unity of judicial practice is the implementation of the legal certainty principle, which is considered as the part of the rule of law, ensures the predictability of court decisions. At the theoretical level, the issues of the unity of judicial practice are mostly the subject of research in the context of judicial reform and the judiciary, but comprehensive research on this issue in the field of modern criminal justice is almost absent. The purpose of the study is to establish a system of legal means to ensure the unity of judicial practice. The methodological basis of the study was based on general and special methods, namely: dialectical, systematic, formal-legal and logical methods. The authors provide a brief overview of the theoretical provisions that determine the socio-legal value of the unity of law enforcement practice. The concept of “unity of judicial practice” in the field of criminal proceedings is analyzed and it was emphasized the usage of the approach of understanding the unity of judicial practice as a synonym of equal (adjustment) application of procedural and material norms in homogeneous categories of court decisions, which are adopted in the course of criminal proceedings. It is established that the limit of permitted differences in the application of the law is quite flexible and informal. It is established that the quality of the law cannot be assessed in isolation from the practice of its application. The authors also emphasize the instrumental role of judicial practice in the general mechanism of ensuring uniformity of law enforcement. A position was expressed on the role of explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court in the general mechanism of ensuring the unity of judicial practice. It is established that the system of legal means to ensure the unity of application of the law in the field of criminal proceedings consists of a set of interrelated elements. The results of the study can be used in further scientific development of the problem of ensuring the unity of judicial practice, scientific substantiation of proposals aimed to improve the current legislation of Ukraine, which regulates the issues that have become the subject of this research.
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6.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shylo O. H., Hlynska N. V.
Заглавие : The role of the Supreme Court in the mechanism of ensuring the sustainability and unity of judicial practice: some aspects
Параллельн. заглавия :Роль Верховного Суду в механізмі забезпечення сталості та єдності судової практики: окремі аспекти
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2020. - Vol. 27, Iss. 3. - P.128-141
УДК : 343.15:347.991
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): уголовный процесс--кримінальний процес--верховний суд україни--верховный суд украины--правова позиція--правовая позиция--касаційний кримінальний суд--criminal court of cassation--sustainability and unity of judicial practice
Аннотация: One of the means of ensuring the stability and unity of judicial practice is the decision of the Supreme Court, which deviates from the conclusion on the application of the rule of law in such legal relations. The current criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine clearly regulates the procedure for such a derogation, which is generally in line with the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and international recommendations in this area. However, this procedure has immanent significant features that require scientific analysis of the current procedural form in this segment with regard to its adequacy to the needs of ensuring the right of everyone to a fair trial and society’s expectations for reasonable predictability of court decisions. In view of this, within the framework of this study, the categories “unity” and “sustainability” of judicial practice as a subject of provision by the Supreme Court was carried out. To achieve this purpose, the authors used a set of modern general and special legal methods. The study considers the procedural order for the Supreme Court to deviate from the conclusion on the application of the rule of law in such legal relations; the legal nature of the issue of the hierarchy of legal positions of the Supreme Court is analysed. It is established that the key idea embodied by the legislator in the statutory model of the procedure for deviating from the opinion on the application of the rule of law is that the possibility of such a deviation from the opinion, depending on the composition of the court in which it was adopted and determines the “higher degree of significance” of such a conclusion and its application in further judicial practice. These areas were studied with the consideration of the recommendations of the Advisory Council of European Judges, as well as the relevant practice of the Supreme Court.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shulga, Mykhaylo V., Korniyenko, Ganna S., Yakoviyk, Ivan V.
Заглавие : Legal support for the activities of agricultural transnational corporations in Ukraine
Параллельн. заглавия :Правове забезпечення діяльності аграрних транснаціональних корпорацій в Україні
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28. Iss. 2. - p.234-242
ББК : Х626
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agrarian--agribusiness--agricultural--chain--legal regulation--production--аграрний--агробізнес--сільськогосподарський--ланцюг--правове регулювання--виробництво--аграрный--агробизнес--сельскохозяйственный--звено--правовое регулирование--производство
Аннотация: Agricultural transnational corporations have always expressed interest in Ukraine as a state with a strong natural potential and good and reliable prospects for agribusiness. Under the influence of factors such as climate change, an unprecedented increase in the world's population and, as a result, a high demand for agricultural products, this interest will increase, and the role of agricultural transnational corporations will grow every year. Therefore, one of the most urgent research and practical problems that lawyers will have to solve is the definition of the key term “agricultural transnational corporations” and the identification of their features. This will allow the Ukrainian legislator to regulate complex and multidimensional relations with their participation in the agricultural sector as accurately as possible and, in particular, govern relations concerning the activities of these subjects of agricultural business, and eliminate gaps in the current legal regulation. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to attempt establishing the essence of agricultural transnational corporations as a legal phenomenon based on an in-depth analysis and to define this term, classify these corporations on certain grounds and establish the specific features of their activities. The study was conducted considering the existing legal support of these participants in agribusiness relations. Research methods included a set of philosophical, general scientific, and special legal methods. The synergetic research method was the fundamental method of understanding the legal support of agricultural transnational corporations. It was proved that an agricultural transnational corporation is a complex entity that engages in agricultural activities in two or more countries, is managed and controlled from a single centre and comprises a parent company, subsidiaries, branches, and departments. The study analysed positive and negative aspects of the activities of agricultural transnational corporations. It was established out that the following agricultural transnational corporations act in Ukraine: in the field of crop production, animal husbandry, processing, servicing agricultural producers, and with mixed activities (simultaneously engaged in both crop production and animal husbandry). It was emphasised that the agricultural chain of a transnational corporation can cover different countries.
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8.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shevchuk, Oleksandr, Bululukov, Oleg, Lysodyed, Oleksandr, Mamonova, Valentyna, Matat, Yurii
Заглавие : Human right to virtual reality in the healthcare: Legal issues and enforcement problems
Место публикации : Juridical Tribune. - 2021. - Vol. 11, Spec. Iss. - P.302-315
УДК : 342.7:004
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): health sector--human rights--legal regulation--virtual reality--охорона здоров'я--права людини--віртуальна реальність--правове регулювання--правоохоронна діяльність--смарт-технології--смарт-технологии--охрана здоровья (здравоохранение)--права человека--виртуальная реальность--правовое регулирование--правоохранительная деятельность
Аннотация: A key feature of modern legal relations in the healthcare sector is the widespread use of digital technologies. This study describes certain aspects of the legal regulation of the human right to virtual reality in the healthcare sector and the problems of law enforcement. The methodology of this work is based on an interdisciplinary approach using comparative legal, dialectical and systemic methods. The main objective of this article is to determine the forms and directions of the use of virtual reality in health care in the context of human rights. It is emphasized that the introduction of smart technologies, virtual reality in the healthcare sector is the main modern trend in the development of healthcare in order to improve the provision of healthcare services. The human right to use virtual reality in healthcare is to ensure the actions of virtual reality users within the framework of virtual information relations in the healthcare sector, which are governed by the relevant legal norms. The human right to use virtual reality in healthcare is a fourth generation of human rights. These rights include all rights that have arisen as a result of scientific progress, the development of morality, namely "somatic rights", as well as information rights. The use of virtual reality in the healthcare sector is possible in the following areas, namely: (1) medical training, (2) surgical modeling, (3) rehabilitation, (4) psychotherapy and psychology, (5) ophthalmology, (6) telemedicine, etc. It is stated that user safety, privacy, freedom of expression, ethics and copyright protection in the use of virtual reality in healthcare require legislative regulation, taking into account the European experience. The virtual space in the healthcare sector provides opportunities for the realization of human rights and freedoms regarding the preservation of their health, but can be used to carry out actions that contradict the norms of law and have illegal behavior. The latter requires an improvement in the regulatory framework when using the virtual space of the healthcare sector to protect the interests of the individual, society and the state using international standards.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (том многотомника)
Шифр издания : 004.4:811.161.2/S26
Автор(ы) : Savytska, Larysa, Vnukova, Nataliya, Bezugla, Iryna, Pyvovarov, Vasyl, Subay, M. Turgut
Заглавие : Using Word2vec technique to determine semantic and morphologic similarity in embedded words of the Ukrainian language
Место публикации : Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Systems (CoLInS 2021): 5th International Conference, Lviv, Ukraine (22-23 April 2021). - Lviv, 2021. - Vol. 1: Main Conference. - P.235-248. - (CEUR Workshop Proceedings; Vol. 2870)
УДК : 004.4:811.161.2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): word2vec--nlp--cosine similarity--semantic relations--morphological (linguistics) relations--word vectors--word embedding--ukrainian language--програмне забезпечення--семантика мови--вектори слів--лінгвістичні відношення--морфологічні відношення--українська мова--нейролінгвістичне програмування--программное обеспечение--семантика языка--лингвистические отношения--морфологические системы--векторы слов--украинский язык--нейролингвистическое программирование
Аннотация: The study presents the word translation into vectors of real numbers (word embeddings), one of the most important topics in natural language processing. Word2vec is the latest techniques developed by Tomas Mikolov to study high quality vectors. The majority of studies on clustering the word vectors were made in English. Dmitry Chaplinsky has already counted and published vectors for the Ukrainian language by using LexVec, Word2vec and GloVe techniques, obtained from fiction, newswire and ubercorpus texts, for VESUM dictionary and other related NLP tools for the Ukrainian language. There was no research done on the vectors by using Word2vec technique to create Ukrainian corpus, obtained from Wikipedia dump as the main source. The collection contains more than two hundred and sixty one million words. The dictionary of words (unique words) obtained from the corpus is more than seven hundred and nine thousand. The research using machine technology Word2vec is of great practical importance to computerise many areas of linguistic analysis. The open-source Python programming language was used to obtain word vectors with Word2vec techniques and to calculate the cosine proximity of the vectors. In order to do machine learning with Word2vec techniques on Python, a resource containing open source licensed software libraries called "Gensim" was used. Calculations regarding the cosine affinities of the obtained vectors were made using "Gensim" libraries. The research examining the clustering of the word vectors obtained from the Ukrainian corpus was made considering the two sub-branches of linguistics, semantics and morphology (language morphology). Firstly, it was investigated how accurately the vectors are obtained from the Ukrainian corpus and how the words represent the cluster they belong to. Secondly, it was investigated how word vectors are clustered and associated respectively to the morphological features of the suffixes of the Ukrainian language.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Puchkovska, Iryna Y., Pecheniy, Oleg P., Isaiev, Arsen M.
Заглавие : Ensuring the fulfillment of contracts in civil law
Место публикации : International Journal of Criminology and Sociology. - 2020. - Vol. 9. - P.3040-3047
УДК : 347.4
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): договірне право--цивільно-правові договори--виконання договору--договорное право--гражданско-правовые договоры--выполнение договорных обязательств--contracts--performance of contracts--security of performance--security of obligations
Аннотация: The main purpose of the article is to comprehensively describe the main ways to ensure compliance. The main research approach is analytical and legal methodology. Doctrinal and legislative provisions on ensuring the implementation of civil law agreements were analysed. The process of formation of the institute ensuring the fulfilment of contracts was characterised. A comparative analysis of ways to ensure the implementation of agreements on their legal nature and effectiveness, highlighted the signs of their demarcation. The foreign practice of ensuring the fulfilment of contractual obligations was analysed, and the possible directions of its implementation in the domestic legal space were determined. Gaps in legislative regulation and problems of practical implementation in ways to ensure the implementation of agreements were identified. The author proposed the definition of ways to ensure the implementation of contracts. The findings are valuable for legislative initiatives and for the practical activities of the parties to contractual obligations in terms of choosing the most effective way to secure the contracts they enter into.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pikhurets, Olena, Lytvyn, Stepan, Miroshnykov, Ivan, Mykolaiets, Viktoriia, Karashchuk, Oksana
Заглавие : Copyright regulation of relations with regard to software: Current state and perspectives
Место публикации : International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. - 2021. - Vol. 11, Iss. 11. - P.161-168
УДК : 347.77:004.4
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): copyright--object of protection--patent law--software--авторське право--патентне право--об'єкт авторського права--охорона авторських прав--програмне забезпечення--авторское право--патентное право--объекты авторского права--охрана авторского права--программное обеспечение
Аннотация: The legal regulation of relations about software (computer programs) is conducted mainly in two directions: copyright and patent law. But despite lengthy discussions in scientific circles in almost all countries, there is no final and single solution to this issue. Historically, the model of copyright protection of the object under study offers a cheaper and faster procedure than the model of protection of software by patent law. Patent protection requires a rather expensive and lengthy examination of software for world (absolute) novelty, during which the object itself may become obsolete and become unpopular with potential users. Therefore, the copyright regime for the protection of software has received preferential recognition. Accordingly, the article attempts to investigate the problems of the existing in the world copyright model of software protection and the possibility of patenting them.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Petryshyn, Alexander Vitalievich, Petryshyn, Oleg Alexandrovich, Hyliaka, Oleg Sergeevich
Заглавие : The problem of non-implementation of judgements of the European court of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the rule of law (Methodological and comparanive aspects)
Параллельн. заглавия :Проблема невиконання рішень Європейського суду з прав людини в Україні в контексті верховенства права (методологічний та порівняльний аспекти)
Место публикации : Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - p.17-24
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): basic human rights--democracy--echr--ecthr--judicial enforcement--основні права людини--демократія--єспл--судове забезпечення
Аннотация: The article is devoted to the problem of non-implementation of the decisions of the ECtHR in Ukraine in the context of the rule of law. The relevance of the subject matter is substantiated by the critical situation regarding Ukraine's compliance with its international obligations. The objective of the study is to develop a set of principles and policies to be implemented in Ukraine to strengthen the rule of law (as a fundamental democratic institute), as an essential factor for ensuring human rights in the context of re-establishing a proper international cooperation with the key European institution in the field of human rights. According to the analysis of the degree of coverage of the issue, the existing papers on the mentioned problem are rather described by point-by-point recommendations aimed at “damage control”, rather than at an in-depth resolution of the situation. The methodological basis of the research consists of the complex of general and special research methods, while philosophical methods were used to ensure the understanding of the essence, characteristics, and features of the phenomena under study. The research resulted in the development of a set of theses that demonstrate the depth of the problem under study that manifests through untimely and inconsistent normative-legal regulation, lack of tangible means of protection of human rights in Ukraine, inappropriate approach to the adoption and execution of international obligations. The authors argue in favour of the need to ensure three key aspects of the implementation of the rule of law – guaranteeing consistency of state policies and actions of officials; the formation of a stable system of administrative management; accountability, and responsibility of decision-makers. The practical relevance of the study is manifested through a set of recommendations, including the creation of a system to assess the effectiveness of reforms in terms of the rule of law; the formation of a mechanism for implementing the responsibility of decision-makers; the revision of procedures for the adoption of legal acts; the need to restart and complete the reform of the justice system, to involve NGOs in the processes of forming such; to create rules of cooperation between the state and the elites.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pashkov, Vitalii, Trotska, Maryna V., Nikolenko, Liudmyla M.
Заглавие : Ambient air protection in the system of public health and biological security legal provision
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 9 cz 1. - P.2207-2212
УДК : 349.6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ambient air protection--biosecurity system--health--in the biological security system--public health--аir--аmbient аir--захист навколишнього повітря--система біозахисту--здоров'я--в системі біологічної безпеки--охорона здоров'я--повітря--навколишнє повітря--охрана окружающего воздуха--система биозащиты--здоровье--в системе биологической безопасности--здравоохранение--воздух--окружающий воздух
Аннотация: The article examines the legal and regulatory basis for ambient air protection as an essential element of the environment that affects biological security the health and livelihoods of the population. Proper legal regulation of ambient air protection is important in the implementation of various measures aimed at preserving its quality and, accordingly, preventing possible adverse effects on human health. Ambient air protection is a certain activity directed at reducing the number of pollutants that get into the air by one means or another. In the process of environmental protection in general and ambient air protection in particular, the legal basis and case law are important components that aimed to minimize the occurrence of potential hazards that could threaten the health and lives of the population, and in case of such situations, identify the causes of their occurrence and respond to them proportionally.
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14.

Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания : 614/P30
Автор(ы) : Pashkov, Vitalii M., Soloviov, Oleksii S., Harkusha, Yevheniia O.
Заглавие : Challenges of classification of stand-alone software as a medical device
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 2. - P.327-333
УДК : 614
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): applications--приложения--додаток--apps--программы--програми--authorized body--уповноважений орган--уполномоченный орган--classification--классификация--класифікація--законодавство--legislation--законодательство--medical devices--медицинское оборудование--медичні вироби--medical devices directive--директива про медичні вироби--директива по медицинскому оборудованию--medical devices regulation--регулирование медицинских изделий--регулювання медичних виробів--software--програмне забезпечення--программное обеспечение
Аннотация: Through a broad literature review, analysis of EU, USA, Ukraine regulation acts, scientific research, and opinions of progressive-minded people in this sphere, this paper provides a guide to understanding the essence of classification of stand-alone software with medical purpose and specifics of its regulation. This research is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic, and comprehensive methods.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : PubMed ID33611272/A81
Автор(ы) : Pashkov, Vitalii M., Harkusha, Andrii O., Harkusha, Yevheniia O.
Заглавие : Artificial intelligence in medical practice: regulative issues and perspectives
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73, Iss. 12, cz. 2. - P.2722-2727
УДК : 61:004
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): artificial intelligence--healthcare--medical devices--software--здравоохранение--медицинская техника--искусственный интеллект--программное обеспечение--охорона здоров'я--медична техніка--програмне забезпечення--штучний інтелект
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the research is to identify specific of AI in healthcare, its nature, and specifics and to establish complexities of AI implementation in healthcare and to propose ways to eliminate them. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: This study was conducted during June-October of 2020. Through a broad literature review, analysis of EU, USA regulation acts, scientific researches and opinions of progressive-minded people in this sphere this paper provide a guide to understanding the essence of AI in healthcare and specifics of its regulation. It is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic and comprehensive methods. RESULTS: Results: One of the first broad definitions of AI sounded like "Artificial Intelligence is the study of ideas which enable computers to do the things that make people seem intelligent ... The central goals of Artificial Intelligence are to make computers more useful and to understand the principles which make intelligence possible." There are two approaches to name this technology - "Artificial intelligence" and "Augmented Intelligence." We prefer to use a more common category of "Artificial intelligence" rather than "Augmented Intelligence" because the last one, from our point of view, leaves much space for "human supervision" meaning, and that will limit the sense of AI while it will undoubtedly develop in future. AI in current practice is interpreted in three forms, they are: AI as a simple electronic tool without any level of autonomy (like electronic assistant, "calculator"), AI as an entity with some level of autonomy, but under human control, and AI as an entity with broad autonomy, substituting human's activity wholly or partly, and we have to admit that the first one cannot be considered as AI at all in current conditions of science development. Description of AI often tends to operate with big technological products like DeepMind (by Google), Watson Health (by IBM), Healthcare's Edison (by General Electric), but in fact, a lot of smaller technologies also use AI in the healthcare field - smartphone applications, wearable health devices and other examples of the Internet of Things. At the current stage of development AI in medical practice is existing in three technical forms: software, hardware, and mixed forms using three main scientific-statistical approaches - flowchart method, database method, and decision-making method. All of them are useable, but they are differently suiting for AI implementation. The main issues of AI implementation in healthcare are connected with the nature of technology in itself, complexities of legal support in terms of safety and efficiency, privacy, ethical and liability concerns. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: The conducted analysis makes it possible to admit a number of pros and cons in the field of AI using in healthcare. Undoubtedly this is a promising area with a lot of gaps and grey zones to fill in. Furthermore, the main challenge is not on technology itself, which is rapidly growing, evolving, and uncovering new areas of its use, but rather on the legal framework that is clearly lacking appropriate regulations and some political, ethical, and financial transformations. Thus, the core questions regarding is this technology by its nature is suitable for healthcare at all? Is the current legislative framework looking appropriate to regulate AI in terms of safety, efficiency, premarket, and postmarked monitoring? How the model of liability with connection to AI technology using in healthcare should be constructed? How to ensure privacy without the restriction of AI technology use? Should intellectual privacy rights prevail over public health concerns? Many questions to address in order to move in line with technology development and to get the benefits of its practical implementation.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Momot, Tetyana, Karpushenko, Maria, Prilipko, Sergiy, Mushchynska, Natalia, Momot, Darina
Заглавие : Intellectual property assessment: development of information and methodological support in conditions of limited information
Параллельн. заглавия :Оцінка інтелектуальної власності: розробка інформаційно-методичного забезпечення в умовах обмеженої інформації
Место публикации : Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. - 2021. - Vol. 1, No. 13 (109). - P.48-63
УДК : 330.142
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): интеллектуальная собственность--нематериальные активы--інтелектуальна власність--нематеріальні активи--доходы--затраты--доходи--витрати--intangible assets--intellectual property--income approach--cost approach
Аннотация: Assessment of intellectual property is an important process of commercialization of scientific and technical developments of enterprises of all forms of ownership. This is carried out to determine the value of intellectual property objects (IPO) in connection with the transfer of ownership (purchase, sale) to the corresponding object, the conclusion of a license agreement for the IPO use, accounting for IPO in accounting, contributed to the authorized capital, etc. Under such conditions, the problem of IPO underestimating significantly reduces the efficiency and effectiveness of enterprises. At the same time, the uniqueness of many types of intellectual assets and the impossibility of their visual assessment determine the expediency of systematizing methodological approaches to assessing the value of intellectual property assets to ensure an objective assessment of the value of intellectual property. This will help increase the profitability and business value of the enterprise. The aim of research is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions and substantiate practical recommendations for improving information and methodological support for assessing the value of intangible assets, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents and the availability of the necessary information. Based on the results of the study, methodological approaches to determining the value of intangible assets are systematized. According to the financial statements, the value of intangible assets of the leading enterprises of Ukraine and their share in the total value of assets were analyzed. The features of the assessment of intangible assets in accordance with accounting standards have been determined, a methodological approach to the assessment of the value of intellectual property has been developed, it allows to reasonably choose a method for assessing IPO based on the analysis of available information. It is proved that the lack of objective information on the value of IPO significantly reduces the value of assets of Ukrainian enterprises in comparison with the leading companies in the world, reduces their investment attractiveness and does not contribute to economic development.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kostruba A. V., Hyliaka, Oleh S.
Заглавие : Theoretical substantiation of the model of borrowing rights-terminating facts
Место публикации : Rivista di Studi sulla Sostenibilita. - 2020. - Vol. 2020, Iss. 2. - P.189-203
УДК : 347.12
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): правовідносини--суб'єкти права--соціальне забезпечення--законодавство--запозичення--закон про соціальне забезпечення--legal relations--legislation--rule-making entities--social security law--systematisation--правоотношения (правовые отношения)--субъекты права--социальное обеспечение--законодательство о социальном обеспечении
Аннотация: The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that it is necessary to differentiate the possibility of applying rights-terminating facts not only in general constructs of the civil branch of legislation but also in a number of private practices of sub-industries regulating general socio-economic relations. Such differentiation can contribute to the sustainable development of the civil sector of legislation. The aim of the article was to show new constructions in connection with the judicial system and the system of socio-economic forecasting. The main importance of legal consists in the fact that they can be applied in general in the category of civil law and at the same time their role as regulators of the civil branch of legislation is minimized or does not work at all. In this regard, for the termination of legal relations, mainly general constructs of juridical facts without formalization for industry values are used. Such constructions contribute to equality between members of society, which in turn contributes to its development and well-being. It is found that the main task of the formation of the practice of applying rights-terminating facts is to determine the limits of liability of industry-specific legislation. The practical significance of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time the aspects of sectoral planning of the system of application of rights-terminating facts are revealed. The developed model can be applied both in the process of adjudication and in the process of socio-economic development programmers. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that in the literature, aspects of the formation of industrial legislative grounds for the application of local juridical facts are shown for the first time.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kaplina, Oksana, Fomin, Serhiy
Заглавие : Proportionality of interference with the right to peaceful enjoyment of property during the seizure of property in criminal proceedings in Ukraine
Место публикации : Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2020. - Issue: 4. - P.246-264
УДК : 343.1
ББК : Х629.3
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): the seizure of property in criminal proceedings--арест имущества в уголовном производстве--арешт майна в кримінальному провадженні--proportionality of interference in constitutional law--соразмерность вмешательства в конституционное право--співмірність втручання в конституційне право--the right to peaceful enjoyment of property--право на беспрепятственное владение собственностью--право на безперешкодне володіння власністю--measures to ensure criminal proceedings--меры по обеспечению уголовного производства--заходи щодо забезпечення кримінального провадження--inviolability of property rights--неприкосновенность прав собственности--недоторканність прав власності--criteria for the admissibility of restrictions of human rights--критерии допустимости ограничения прав человека--критерії допустимості обмеження прав людини
Аннотация: This article considers relevant science and law enforcement practice issues of state intervention's legitimacy in the right to peaceful property enjoyment in criminal proceedings during property seizure. These issues are considered everywhere through international instruments' prism, particularly the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights (ECHR) and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention and the ECtHR case-law. Based on the ECtHR case law, the authors analyze the conditions under which the state may interfere in exercising a protected right, often called criteria for intervention. Based on the fact restrictions are permissible if they are prescribed by law, necessary in a democratic society and pursue a legitimate goal, the authors consider these conditions through the lens of national law enforcement practices of Ukrainian criminal proceedings. The authors emphasize the relevance of these criteria of the legality of individual rights restriction in criminal proceedings since when applying for property seizure, the Ukrainian legislator requires investigating judges to consider reasonableness and restriction proportionality of property rights, and apply the least onerous seizure method, not suspend or excessively restrict a person's lawful business activities, or other consequences significantly affecting others' interests. Due to the amendment of the Ukrainian criminal procedure legislation, the practice is slowly approaching the European Court of Human Rights practice's European standards. However, proper systematic, logical and consistent court decisions limiting the human right to peaceful property possession remain critical. Based on the study, the authors offer a model of logical reasoning, following which the investigating judges can correctly formulate the motivational part of the decision to satisfy or deny the request for property seizure. Particular attention is paid to the reasonableness, suitability, necessity, and proportionality of the means of restricting the right to peaceful enjoyment of the property and describes each of them.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Hryhorenko, Yana O., Kushnirenko, Oleksandr G., Shkuropatskyi, Oleksandr I.
Заглавие : The experience of legal and organisational arrangements for military medical activities in the defence forces (using france, germany and ukraine as examples)
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P.3098-3102
УДК : 355.1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): rights of armed forces personne--права особового складу збройних сил--права личного состава вооруженных сил--military medical activities--военно-медицинская деятельность--військово-медична діяльність--medical support of the troops--медичне забезпечення військ--медицинское обеспечение войск--social protection--социальная защита--соціальний захист
Аннотация: ABSTRACT The aim: To identify and establish the basics of organizational and legal support for military medical activities performed by the Defense Forces of France, Germany, and Ukraine, to make a comparative legal analysis of these principles in order to select the best practices that could be adopted by the forces of modern states. Materials and methods: This study is based on regulatory instruments of England, France, Germany, the United States, and Ukraine. The following methods are used in the article: comparative-legal, comprehensive and analytical ones. Conclusions: The study confirmed the importance of the legal and organizational framework of military medical activities to ensure the proper medical support of the troops. It includes 1) legal principles as key imperative requirements imposed on the operation of the military health services system; 2) legal foundations for the activities of the military medical services; 3) institutional arrangement.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Haraschuk, Volodymyr, Zelinska, Yana, Spasenko , Viktoriia, Shynkaruk O.
Заглавие : Administrative and legal support challenges of environmental safety under globalization
Место публикации : European Journal of Sustainable Development. - 2020. - Vol. 9, Issue 2. - P.20-30
УДК : 349.6
ББК : Х625.81
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): administrative and legal support for environmental safety of ukraine--административно-правовое обеспечение экологической безопасности украины--адміністративно-правова підтримка екологічної безпеки україни--environmental safety--экологическая безопасность--екологічна безпека--globalization--глобализация--глобалізація--international legal support for environmental safety--международно-правовое обеспечение экологической безопасности--міжнародна юридична підтримка екологічної безпеки--legal support of environmental safety--правовое обеспечение экологической безопасности--правове забезпечення екологічної безпеки--state environmental policy--государственная экологическая политика--державна екологічна політика
Аннотация: The article investigates the underlying challenges of administrative and legal support of environmental safety under globalization. The current globalization conditions and factors affecting the transition of environmental safety from local to a global level, which is due to globalization processes in the world and a number of global anthropogenic challenges, are analyzed. The emphasis is focused on the impact of globalization on the adoption of international treaties in the field of environmental safety. The importance of administrative and legal environmental safety at the state level for the implementation of the executed international treaties is substantiated. The obsolescence and underperformance of the current state of administrative and legal support of environmental safety in Ukraine is grounded, the necessity for its optimization is proved, the weaknesses are highlighted and the need for introducing a number of improvement directions, including propaganda of a careful attitude to the environment, is substantiated; regulatory support for the effective distribution of functions and viable mechanism for management of central and local executive authorities, local government institutions on the formation and implementation of state policy components in the field of climate change in accordance with their competence; regulatory actions of joint events and cooperation of domestic government bodies in the area of environmental safety with similar bodies of neighboring countries; implementation ensuring of the provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states related to climate change; ensuring the fulfillment of Ukraine’s obligations regarding reporting on international agreements in the field of climate change, etc.
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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава