Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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Загальна кількість знайденихдокументів : 32
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1.
Akhtyrska, N. M..
    The right to life from the point of view of personal autonomy in decision-making on euthanasia (review of the ECHR practice and the legislation of selected countries) [Текст] / N. M. Akhtyrska, Y. V. Grodetskiy // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 3108-3112
   Перевод заглавия: Право на життя з точки зору особистої автономії у прийнятті рішень про евтаназію (огляд практики ЄСПЛ і законодавства окремих країн)
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РУБ PMID: 35029588 + DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111242

Аннотация: ABSTRACT The aim: To analyze law enforcement practice on the basis of the national legislation of foreign states to single out features of legal regulation of the right to euthanasia realization and to outline the Ukrainian prospects of euthanasia legalization. Materials and methods: The empirical basis of the research is the legislation of some European countries (Belgium, Spain, Italy, Portugal, and the Netherlands) and Canada; decisions of the European Court of Human Rights on the right to voluntary death and the obligations of states; the results of a survey of 750 respondents conducted by the authors. The methodological basis of the study were philosophical views on life, death, and the right to certainty, formal-logical method (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, etc.), comparative, analytical, statistical, sociological methods of cognition, as well as a synergetic approach. Conclusions: The issue of legal regulation of euthanasia is multifactorial, socially conditioned, and requires a positive action of the state both in terms of regulation and/or prohibition, and the proper provision of citizens with health care. Legislative support for the human right to a “dignified death” is dictated, to some extent, by society’s demand, which must be finally resulted in the draft law. As for Ukraine, the adoption of such a law is obviously premature. Although according to a survey of citizens on euthanasia and the feasibility of introducing such a law in Ukraine, 57% are positive about the experience of other countries, and 41% were in favor of adopting a law in Ukraine, it is not possible to assess their opinion due to ignorance of legislation where euthanasia is allowed.

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2.
Baliuk, V. M..
    Realization of human rights during the pandemic of covid-19 [Text] / V. M. Baliuk, I. I. Ostapenko, L. P. Grynko // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 2978-2982
   Перевод заглавия: Реалізація прав людини під час пандемії covid-19
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РУБ PMID: 35029566 + DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111220

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: The purpose of the article is to analyse the state of compliance with human rights during the introduction measures by different countries to combat the rapid spread of the pandemic of Covid-19. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: This research based on Kazakh, Hungarian, Ukrainian, Georgian, UK, Azerbaijan, German, French, Indian, Chinese, South African, Brazilian scientific publications. Additionally, were used statistics, expert opinions, doctrinal ideas and reviews. Besides, in the research process to achieve the goal, a complex of general scientific and special methods of cognition was used, in particular, the comparative legal method, the system and structural method, the method of generalization, the method of analysis and synthesis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Response measures taken by countries during the Covid-19 period, which cause changes in the legal regulation of public relations, their validity and focus on achieving the goal of protection, must be based on democratic principles, human rights restrictions must be appropriate to the threat and must be justified the limits of intervention.

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3.
Batyhina, O. M..
    Food security as a guarantee of the realization of the right to human health [Text] / O. M. Batyhina, B. V. Derevyanko, T. V. Khailova // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 3072-3076
   Перевод заглавия: Продовольча безпека як гарантія реалізації права на здоров’я людини
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РУБ PMID: 35029582 + DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111236

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: To investigate the theoretical and legal framework governing the relevant areas of food security, ensuring healthy, adequate and safe nutrition. To consider human rights to food security as a basis for health care, a basis for the realization of the right to health and life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study analyzes and uses the normative legal acts of national legislation, international acts, data from international organizations and the results of scientific work of scientists. With the help of scientific methods, medical and legal point of view, the problems of ensuring food security are identified as a guarantee of the realization of the right to human health. CONCLUSION: Сonclusions: Food security and nutrition are central to the individual and fundamental factor to the whole of society in respect of human right to health. An adequate level of food security must be ensured by individual governments and the international community through the development, approval or implementation of an appropriate regulatory framework, as well as through the establishment of a political and institutional framework.

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4.
Batyrgareieva, V. S..
    Victimological risks for road users as an element of public health [Текст] / V. S. Batyrgareieva, A. V. Kalinina, K. O. Poltava // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 2922-2927
   Перевод заглавия: Віктимологічні ризики для учасників дорожнього руху як елемент здоров’я населення
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РУБ DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111211 + PMID: 35029557

Аннотация: ABSTRACT The aim: This article aims to analyze the statistics of road accidents victims in Ukraine in general and the level of criminal offenses’ against traffic safety and transport operation victims, in particular, to consider the main victimological risks for road users and provide them with a public health approach. Materials and methods: The theoretical basis of the article is specialized literature on law, economics, and sociology. The empirical basis of the research was the materials of generalization of more than 1,000 criminal proceedings under Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the results of a survey of Ukrainian citizens on the state of road safety in Ukraine. Results: According to the results of an empirical study, in terms of role, pedestrians clearly predominate among the victims (59.6%), while every fourth victim is a passenger of a vehicle. Driver victims are only 14.6% of the total number. Victimological risk on the roads is the probability of becoming a victim and suffering damage to one’s life and health from criminal offenses against traffic safety and operation of transport. For each of the categories of victims there are both general and specific victimological risks. The causes of accidents can be grouped by the source of danger in the triangle “person – mechanism – road”. Conclusions:The most dangerous and widespread victimological risks for road users in Ukraine are speeding and maneuvering, drunk driving, parking violations, poor road infrastructure, physiological and psychological characteristics of road users, low professional skills of drivers, etc.

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5.
Borysenko, I. V..
    The modern development of new promising fields in forensic examinations [Текст] / I. V. Borysenko, O. Yu. Bululukov, V. D. Pcholkin, V. V. Baranchuk, V. O. Prykhodko // Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine. - 2021. - Vol. 7, Iss. 4. - P. 137-144
   Перевод заглавия: Сучасні розробки нових перспективних напрямів у судово-медичних експертизах
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РУБ DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_66_21

Аннотация: The relevance of the study is forensic expert activity in terms of forensic examinations have been so transformed that existing theoretical provisions do not already solve traditional problems in some fields; their solvation requires new approaches of both theoretical and practical nature. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the content of new innovative directions in forensic examinations, including criminalistic ones, and the possibility of their effective application in forensic expert activity. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, which allowed the authors to consider the theoretical and scientific, and practical foundations of modern trends in forensic examinations, including criminalistic ones. It also helped to identify promising fields of examinations necessary for crime prevention. Therefore, authors singled out the following advanced fields: biometric and computer forensic analyses, polygraph, and odor and trace evidence analyses. The materials of the article are of practical value for forensic experts and criminologists, law enforcement agencies.

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6.
Borysov, V. I..
    COVID-19 pandemic consequences: classification issues [Текст] / V. I. Borysov, M. G. Kolodyazhny , D. P. Yevtieieva // Wiadomosci lekarski. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11 , cz. 2. - P. 2966-2971
   Перевод заглавия: Наслідки пандемії COVID-19: питання класифікації
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РУБ DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111218 + PMID: 35029564

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7.
Demura, M.
    Using artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal judiciary: international experience and domestic prospects [Текст] / M. Demura, D. Klepka // Science And Innovation. - 2021. - Vol. 17, Iss. 5. - P. 95-102
   Перевод заглавия: Використання алгоритмів штучного інтелекту у сфері кримінального судової судовства: міжнародний досвід та внутрішні перспективи
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.31207/ih.v10i2.291

Аннотация: Introduction. The world has been currently experiencing a new technological revolution, the key element of which is the transmission, processing, and use of information. One of the directions of this revolution is the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) science in various fields. Problem Statement. International experience in the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal justice and national prospects for its use. Purpose. The purpose is to study the international experience in the use of AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice and to identify possible directions for the introduction of such technologies in the domestic criminal process. Materials and Methods. The methodological framework is the dialectical, systemic, logical methods, as well as the law comparison method. Results. The analysis of national and foreign criminal procedural legislation, as well as the practice of using AI in the field of criminal procedure has shown the possibilities of using AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice. It has been proved that, given the international experience, the introduction of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine is not only a promising, but in some cases, a necessary tool to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of participators in criminal proceedings. At the same time, the most important issue is the observance of individual rights when using AI algorithms, as well as ensuring a fair trial so that everyone who has committed a criminal offense is brought to justice, no innocent person has been accused or convicted, no person has been subjected to unreasonable procedural coercion, and that proper legal procedure is applied to each participator in the criminal proceedings. Conclusions. The use of AI may significantly reduce the burden on pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutor's office, and judicial system in general. In addition to proper technical support for the use of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine, it is also necessary to introduce adequate and high-quality regulations for the use of such technologies in criminal proceedings.

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8.
Drozdov, O. M..
    Search and removal of prohibited items from the human body: medical- procedural aspect [Text] / O. M. Drozdov, O. V. Lazukova, S. O. Shulgin // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 3048-3052
   Перевод заглавия: Пошук та вилучення з організму людини заборонених предметів: медико-процесуальний аспект
УДК
РУБ PMID: 35029578 + DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111232

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: Based on the research, to develop a scientific concept of medical and procedural aspects of restricting a person's right to physiological integrity related to the removal of prohibited items from his/her body and formulate recommendations for their implementation in law enforcement practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The empirical basis of the study were five decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the results of a survey of prosecutors, investigators, and lawyers, processing of materials of criminal proceedings. The practical evidence of the authors, their advocacy, and service in the prosecutor's office was also taken into account. To demonstrate the method of prohibited substances' concealment in a human body, a photographic image was used based on the results of the examination of a person using a scanner conducted by customs officials. The methodological basis of the research is a complex combination of general-scientific and special methods, in particular, system-structural, comparative-legal; sociological; statistical; as well as the method of generalization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The removal of evidence from a person's body is a strip search. The basis for this investigative action should be a court decision, and in urgent cases, the prosecutor. This investigative action must be carried out with the obligatory participation of a physician. To this end, it is necessary to develop an appropriate medical protocol.

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9.
Getman, A. P..
    International legal environmental protection: historical aspect [Текст] = Proteccion ambiental legal internacional: aspecto historico / A. P. Getman, O. G. Danilyan, O. P. Dzeban, Y. Y. Kalynovskyi // Revista Notas Historicas y Geograficas. - 2021. - No 27, Julio - Diciembre. - P. 389-413
   Перевод заглавия: Міжнародно-правова охорона навколишнього середовища: історичний аспект
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Аннотация: The article considers the development of international cooperation in the field of environmental protection in the historical aspect. The genesis of the emergence of environmental problems and their assessment by the scientific community are analyzed. The historical stages of the formation of the system of international legal environmental protection, its goals, principles and main tasks are examined. Particular attention is paid to international, regional and bilateral treaties that regulate international cooperation in the field of environmental protection. The role of the United Nations in this process is focused. The place of international organizations in solving environmental problems is shown.

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10.
Grynchak, A. A..
    Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms as a Constitutional Instrument of European Public Order [Text] / A. A. Grynchak, Y. S. Tavolzhanska, S. V. Grynchak, V. S. Smorodynskyi, K. V. Latysh // Public Organization Review. - 2022 . - Published: 07 January 2022
   Перевод заглавия: Конвенція про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод як конституційний інструмент європейського громадського порядку
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РУБ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00583-9

Аннотация: Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms simultaneously complements the content of European public order, introducing human rights as a new component and providing two powerful mechanisms for implementing and guaranteeing this order, namely the Convention and a judicial body - the ECtHR. The results obtained allow us to formulate new concepts of unification of terms and approaches to the public order in Europe, which will integrate this region even more into the common legal space and provide the protection of human rights and freedoms at a new, higher level.

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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава