Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.
Prytyka, Y. .
    Reforming the legislation on the international commercial arbitration of ukraine: Realities or myths [Text] / Y. Prytyka, V. Komarov, S. Kravtsov // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 3. - p. 117-128
   Перевод заглавия: Реформування законодавства про міжнародний комерційний арбітраж України: реалії чи міфи
ББК Х939.4 + Х629.221
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-4.3-n000074

Аннотация: International commercial arbitration (ICA) is an alternative way to resolve foreign economic disputes. Initially, arbitration itself was seen as a neutral court in which the parties to the dispute were independent of national courts. Arbitration agreements and decisions must be recognised by national courts without any complications or review procedures. Although granting commercial parties some independence to agree that their dispute will be considered by independent arbitrators is a key principle in ICA, the struggle for supremacy between national laws and national courts on the one hand and the autonomy of the parties and the independence of the international arbitration system on the other continue. Over the years, national laws have sought to control, regulate, interfere with, or support ICA in various ways. To counter attempts to ‘localise’ ICA and promote equality in this area, private, professional institutions and international and intergovernmental organisations have developed a significant body of law designed to ensure self-government and dispute settlement procedures in ICA. Nevertheless, international commercial arbitration cannot exist independently of national jurisdictions. Examining the activities of ICA, it can be seen that the importance and impact of national arbitration laws and national judicial supervision are significantly reduced, but the lex fori still plays an important role in arbitration. Thus, the reform of the normative regulation of international arbitration also affected Ukraine. The article analyses the radical changes proposed by the legislator regarding the procedure for establishing institutional arbitrations, expanding the arbitrability of disputes.

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2.
Reznik, O. .
    Use of Information and Communication Technologies in the Election Process: Ukrainian Realities and Foreign Experience [Текст] / O. Reznik, T. Slinko, M. Kravchuk, V. Serohin, V. Strelianyi // Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2021. - Vol. 24, Iss. 1. - P. 1-7
   Перевод заглавия: Використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у виборчому процесі: українські реалії та зарубіжний досвід
УДК

Аннотация: The features of the use of information and communication technologies in the election process have been examined in the article. In particular, the essence and features of electronic voting as a promising direction of modern information and communication technologies are determined. The foreign experience of using information and communication technologies is studied, namely, the normative-legal and organizational components of application of electronic voting and electronic counting of votes are determined. Based on the results of studying the experience of introducing e-voting on the example of the USA, Estonia, Switzerland, Germany, and Ireland, it has been concluded that it had not only positive consequences but also a negative result. Among the countries considered, in which electronic voting is currently used in elections, it has been found that Estonia has achieved the greatest success in this area, and which not only has a secure and reliable e-voting system but also a nationally mandated body, the National Electoral Committee, to manage the online voting system to ensure trust in the system. It has been found that in Ukraine the use of electronic voting in the election process is only at the stage of active discussion, experience in the use of this latest technology in the country is still lacking, and therefore its introduction remains an urgent need.

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3.
Serohina, S. .
    Delegation of State Powers to Local Self-Government Bodies: Foreign Experience and Ukrainian Realities [Текст] / S. Serohina, I. I. Bodrova, A. Novak // Baltic journal of european studies. - 2019. - Vol. 9, Issue: 3. - P. 262-285
   Перевод заглавия: Делегирование государственных полномочий органам местного самоуправления: зарубежный опыт и украинские реалии
УДК
ББК Х061.307 + Х806.6 + Х810.112
РУБ DOI: 10.1515 / bjes-2019-0033

Аннотация: This article is devoted to the study of the problems of the delegation of state powers to local self-government bodies. The paper reveals the pluralism of approaches to the organization of models of such interaction in the countries where various doctrines of the organization and functioning of local self-government prevail (the state-oriented doctrine, the community-oriented doctrine, and the doctrine of municipal dualism). Using the example of various European states (grouped on the basis of the prevailing doctrines presented above for convenience), we reveal specific schemes for the legal regulation of interaction within such relations, their positive features, and drawbacks. The obtained data presented in a compressed form in the paper also features an in-depth analysis of the constitutional and legal regulation of the delegation of state powers to local governments in Ukraine. An important element of the novelty of the study was the projection of modern Ukrainian problems in the field of delegated powers through the prism of the existing European systems and relevant experience, thereby complementing this study with a comparative dimension. Conclusions made by the authors feature a set of recommendations based on the conducted comparative research and on formal and logical analysis of compliance of the domestic model of the delegation of powers with the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Taking into account the fact that European standards in the sphere of the delegation of powers (depends on the adoption of amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law 'On delegation of separate powers of executive authorities to local self-government bodies) are not yet implemented in Ukraine, we believe that this research will not only be useful in the context of theoretical and scientific research of the issue but also has the potential to contribute to the development and implementation of relevant legislation.

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4.
Tyshchenko, O. I..
    Placement of a person in a medical institution in order to conduct a psychiatric examination: international standards and national realities [Текст] / O. I. Tyshchenko, I. A. Titko // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 74, Issue:9, cz. 2. - P. 2020-2025
   Перевод заглавия: Помещение лица в медицинское учреждение для проведения психиатрической экспертизы: международные стандарты и национальные реалии
УДК
ББК Х897 + Х629.7
РУБ DOI: 10.36740/WLek202009224 + PubMed:33148853

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: The aim of this work is to identify the compliance level of modern practice of placement of a person in a medical institution in order to conduct the FPE to international standards and legal positions of the ECHR in terms of ensuring the right to liberty and security of person; formulation of scientifically substantiated proposals on the synchronization directions of national practices with the specified international standards. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: During the preparation of the article the following was processed: scientific research on ensuring the rights of persons suffering from mental disorders in criminal proceedings; provisions of international agreements on the provision of psychiatric care; legal positions of the ECHR on the observance of persons' rights suffering from mental disorders (15 judgments on this topic); criminal procedural legislation of individual states; results of generalization of national law enforcement practice; the results of a survey conducted by the authors of 18 psychiatrists who practice in the field of forensic psychiatric examinations (psychiatrists working in state psychiatric clinics in Odesa, Poltava, Kharkiv were interviewed). In the process of research a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition was used (comparative-legal method, system-structural method, generalization method, method of analysis and synthesis, method of sociological research, method of expert assessments, etc.). RESULTS: Results: According to the research results: a) legal positions of the ECHR on the observance of the rights of persons suffering from mental disorders are identified and generalized; b) the compliance level of modern practice of placing a person in a medical institution in order to conduct the FPE with international standards and legal positions of the ECHR in terms of ensuring the right to liberty and security of person ( 1 of Article 5 of the Convention); c) the degree of extrapolation of these positions to the activities of psychiatrists is analyzed; d) the optimal ways of solving the existing problems in the aspect of ensuring the rights of a person when placing them in a medical institution for an inpatient FPE are proposed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The current national practice of placing a person in a medical institution for an inpatient FPE does not fully comply with the legal positions of the ECHR in terms of ensuring the right to liberty and security of person (in particular, there are deviations from the positions of the ECHR on: determining the documentary basis for the appointment of an inpatient FPE; interaction of police and medical workers in the field of psychiatry during the detention of a person with a mental disorder). Keywords

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5.
Zhuravel, V. A..
    Reliability evaluation of a forensic expert's opinion: World practices and ukrainian realities [Текст] = Оцінка достовірності висновку судового експерта: світові практики та українські реалії / V. A. Zhuravel, V. E. Konovalova, G. K. Avdeyeva // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - P. 252-261
УДК
РУБ DOI:10.37635/jnalsu.28(2).2021.252-261

Аннотация: Improving the activities of pre-trial investigation and judicial review largely depends on the increased use of special knowledge in forensic investigative practice and, above all, the involvement of an expert and their analysis. The relevance of the subject matter is explained by the need to introduce new forms and approaches to evaluating the reliability of expert opinions, in particular with the involvement of independent specialists of the corresponding speciality. The purpose of this study was to provide arguments regarding the expediency of attracting knowledgeable persons as reviewers to evaluate the objectivity and completeness of forensic analysis, the correctness of the methods and techniques applied by the expert, and the validity of the opinion. To achieve this purpose, the following general scientific and special research methods were used: Aristotelian, comparative legal, functional, sociological, statistical, system and formal legal analysis, legal modelling, and forecasting. It was established that in the vast majority of countries of the world, except Ukraine, an independent, knowledgeable person with special knowledge in the corresponding field is involved to help evaluate the reliability of an expert opinion. It was proved that contacting knowledgeable persons to evaluate the objectivity, validity, completeness of expert research helps establish the causality between the identified features of the object of analysis and the fact that is subject to establishment, and also gives grounds for determining the affiliation, admissibility, reliability, and sufficiency of the expert opinion. At the same time, a specialist's review cannot serve as a source of evidence, but only has an auxiliary (advisory, technical) nature and can serve as a basis for appointing a second (additional) forensic analysis or a cross-examination of the expert and the reviewer. To exercise the rights of individuals to fair justice, it is proposed to introduce this procedure for evaluating the reliability of expert opinions in Ukraine, with the necessary changes in the current procedural legislation of Ukraine to provide an opportunity for participants in criminal proceedings and the victim to attract knowledgeable persons as reviewers of expert opinions.

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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава