Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.
Malinovska, I. .
    “Public Order” as Grounds for Refusal in the Recognition and Enforcement of a Decision in International Commercial Arbitration: Ukrainian Realities and International Experience [Текст] / I. Malinovska, N. Yarkina, O. Filiuk // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P. 154-164
   Перевод заглавия: "Громадський порядок" як підстава для відмови у визнанні та виконання рішення у Міжнародному комерційному арбітражі: українські реалії та міжнародний досвід
УДК
РУБ DOI 10.33327/AJEE-18-5.1-n000096

Аннотация: The question of recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration (ICA) decisions, as a prototype of a foreign court decision, finds radically opposite answers in different legal systems and in the doctrine of the ICA. Thus, in the Regulation of the Council (EU) 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on the jurisdiction, recognition, and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters, formerly the Brussels Convention of 1968 and the Lugano Convention of 1988, the notion of 'arbitration' was excluded from the sphere of execution and recognition of foreign court decisions. Methods: Nevertheless, the procedure for recognising and enforcing an ICA award has a unified approach in many countries around the world. Thus, national courts, when deciding on the recognition and enforcement of an ICA award, are increasingly faced with such problematic issues as the grounds for refusing to recognise and enforce such an award. This article reveals that these grounds for refusing to recognise and enforce the award of the ICA are a violation of public order of the country where the arbitral award is subject to recognition and enforcement. Particular attention is paid to the distinction between 'substantive' and 'procedural' public order and the practical approaches of national courts in some countries to this issue. Results and Conclusions: The authors state that the way to overcome this inconsistency is still a unified approach to understanding 'public order' in all member states of the New York Convention of 1958 and clearer international regulation of this issue.

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2.
Akhtyrska, N. M..
    The right to life from the point of view of personal autonomy in decision-making on euthanasia (review of the ECHR practice and the legislation of selected countries) [Текст] / N. M. Akhtyrska, Y. V. Grodetskiy // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 3108-3112
   Перевод заглавия: Право на життя з точки зору особистої автономії у прийнятті рішень про евтаназію (огляд практики ЄСПЛ і законодавства окремих країн)
УДК
РУБ PMID: 35029588 + DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111242

Аннотация: ABSTRACT The aim: To analyze law enforcement practice on the basis of the national legislation of foreign states to single out features of legal regulation of the right to euthanasia realization and to outline the Ukrainian prospects of euthanasia legalization. Materials and methods: The empirical basis of the research is the legislation of some European countries (Belgium, Spain, Italy, Portugal, and the Netherlands) and Canada; decisions of the European Court of Human Rights on the right to voluntary death and the obligations of states; the results of a survey of 750 respondents conducted by the authors. The methodological basis of the study were philosophical views on life, death, and the right to certainty, formal-logical method (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, etc.), comparative, analytical, statistical, sociological methods of cognition, as well as a synergetic approach. Conclusions: The issue of legal regulation of euthanasia is multifactorial, socially conditioned, and requires a positive action of the state both in terms of regulation and/or prohibition, and the proper provision of citizens with health care. Legislative support for the human right to a “dignified death” is dictated, to some extent, by society’s demand, which must be finally resulted in the draft law. As for Ukraine, the adoption of such a law is obviously premature. Although according to a survey of citizens on euthanasia and the feasibility of introducing such a law in Ukraine, 57% are positive about the experience of other countries, and 41% were in favor of adopting a law in Ukraine, it is not possible to assess their opinion due to ignorance of legislation where euthanasia is allowed.

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3.
Perova, I.
    The approach for the definition of hemodynamic state in pregnant women with extragenital malformations [Text] / I. Perova, О. Datsok, Р. Zhernova, О. Velychko, S. Bahan // Lecture notes in computational intelligence and decision making : International Scientific Conference "Intellectual Systems of Decision-making and Problems of Computational Intelligence”, ISDMCI 2020 (Kherson, Ukraine, 25-29 May 2020). - Cham : Springer, 2021 (для Scopus); 2020 (для Web of Science). - Vol. 1246. - P. 627-638. - (Book Series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing)
   Перевод заглавия: Підхід до визначення стану гемодинаміки у вагітних з екстрагенітальної вадами розвитку
ББК Р71
РУБ DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54215-3_40

Аннотация: One of the problems leading to the maternal mortality and therapeutic abortion is recognition extra genital pathologies on time. The proposed approach bases on the analyzing several hemodynamic parameters such as systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, stroke volume, blood volume per minute, the total peripheral resistance of vessels using the means of cluster analysis. The basic block diagram of the system for express diagnostics of EGP’s pregnant women for realization of this approach is described. The learning of the proposed system were performed with the results of medical investigations measured in 147 pregnant women with the gistosis sequela.

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4.
Karnaukh, B. .
    Standards of proof: a comparative overview from the ukrainian perspective [Текст] / B. Karnaukh // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 2. - P. 25-43 . - У WoS не зазначено: Vol. 4.
   Перевод заглавия: Стандарти доказу: порівняльний огляд з української перспективи
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-4.2-a000058

Аннотация: The article addresses the issue of standards of proof from a comparative perspective. The author sketches the conventional distinction between common law and civil law countries in this regard, as well as some approaches that query the validity of the rigid division. The main purpose of the article is to characterise the Ukrainian approach to the standards of proof against the background of comparative analysis. The author concludes that recent developments in Ukrainian law have paved the way for a distinction between criminal and civil standards of proof However, the doctrine is not yet elaborate enough to warrant a coherent application of the two different standards.

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5.
Borysova, V. I..
    Standard of proof in common law: Mathematical explication and probative value of statistical data [Text] = Стандарт доказування в загальному праві: математичне обґрунтування і доказове значення статистичних даних / Borysova V. I., B. P. Karnaukh // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 2. - p. 171-180
ББК Х623
РУБ DOI 10.37635/jnalsu.28(2).2021.171-180

Аннотация: As a result of recent amendments to the procedural legislation of Ukraine, one may observe a tendency in judicial practice to differentiate the standards of proof depending on the type of litigation. Thus, in commercial litigation the so-called standard of “probability of evidence” applies, while in criminal proceedings – “beyond a reasonable doubt” standard applies. The purpose of this study was to find the rational justification for the differentiation of the standards of proof applied in civil (commercial) and criminal cases and to explain how the same fact is considered proven for the purposes of civil lawsuit and not proven for the purposes of criminal charge. The study is based on the methodology of Bayesian decision theory. The paper demonstrated how the principles of Bayesian decision theory can be applied to judicial fact-finding. According to Bayesian theory, the standard of proof applied depends on the ratio of the false positive error disutility to false negative error disutility. Since both types of error have the same disutility in a civil litigation, the threshold value of conviction is 50+ percent. In a criminal case, on the other hand, the disutility of false positive error considerably exceeds the disutility of the false negative one, and therefore the threshold value of conviction shall be much higher, amounting to 90 percent. Bayesian decision theory is premised on probabilistic assessments. And since the concept of probability has many meanings, the results of the application of Bayesian theory to judicial fact-finding can be interpreted in a variety of ways. When dealing with statistical evidence, it is crucial to distinguish between subjective and objective probability. Statistics indicate objective probability, while the standard of proof refers to subjective probability. Yet, in some cases, especially when statistical data is the only available evidence, the subjective probability may be roughly equivalent to the objective probability. In such cases, statistics cannot be ignored.

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6.
Pashkov, V. .
    Providing the rigth to health of involuntarily displaced persons [Текст] / V. Pashkov, M. Liubchenko, O. Liubchenko // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2019. - Vol. 72, Issue:10. - P. 1989-1994
   Перевод заглавия: Предоставление права на здоровье вынужденно перемещенных лиц
УДК
ББК Х620.3 Х620.32

Аннотация: Introduction: The article deals with the issues of international law concerning defense of the right to health of involuntarily displaced persons. As a result of the study, it has been demonstrated that providing of the right to health is essential as a requirement for countries, which, in turn, stem from consensus on international cooperation and general support for migrants. The latter are undeniably protected in accordance with documents proclaiming human rights, but for the sake of a more detailed explanation of their rights and the substance of the states obligations towards such persons, the international community has created a solid foundation in the form of specialized refugee documents that further emphasize the need protection of the latter as persons who, as a result of their movement, are vulnerable. The aim: To elucidate the international mechanisms for the protection of the right to health of involuntarily displaced persons. Material and methods: The study used a set of general-philosophical and special-legal methods of scientific research, in particular, dialectical, historical, socio-political, formal-legal and comparative legal methods of scientific research. The historical method of scientific research has been used in the analysis of tendencies of the regulation of the refugee problem from the beginning of the 20th century. The comparative legal method is used in the analysis of the legal regulation of involuntarily displaced persons rights by international treaties and conventions, rules of national legislation of Ukraine and foreign legislation. Review: Authors analyze the issue of a migrants (social, medical etc.) rights under the principle of equality of refugees and citizens rights. Reviewing the mechanisms of guarding such rights under treaties it is obvious that these mechanisms have legislative and institutional features. Closer look is taken on the Council of Europes mechanism for protecting the rights of refugees with its own normative and institutional features. Conclusions: As a result of the study, it has been demonstrated that migrants rights, including right to health, stem from consensus on international cooperation and general support for migrants. The latter are undeniably protected in accordance with the documents proclaiming human rights. In order to provide a more detailed explanation of their rights and the nature of the states obligations towards such persons, the international community has created a solid foundation in the form of specialized refugee documents, which further emphasize the need to protect the latter as persons who, as a result of their displacement, are vulnerable.

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7.
Sandul, G. O.
    On the nuclear decision-making theory [Текст] / G. O. Sandul, O. G. Sandul, A. O. Bulgakov // Nuclear and Radiation Safety. - 2018. - Vol. 4, Issue: 80. - P. 58-64
   Перевод заглавия: К вопросу о теории принятия решений в ядерной энергетике
ББК В1 + Х918.12

Аннотация: The study is devoted to the decision-making theory, its philosophical foundations and certain algorithms of practical activities. The paper is focused on activities in the field of nuclear industry. The functioning of a technologically complex and large enterprise, for example, a nuclear power plant, is impossible without a complex management system, and the decision-making process is one of its elements. This paper is the primary description of the topic and its goal is to formulate approaches to several questions: why do we need a decision-making theory in general, how do we evaluate the correctness of an already made decision. The significance of mathematical calculations in decision-making theory is described. The paper defines the basic terms that are used or will be used in the future, such as: methodology, technology, process, risk, human factor. The theoretical (philosophical) foundations that formed the basis of the decision-making doctrine are described, an attempt is made to answer the question why it is needed and by whom this theory is used and for what purpose. The connection between decision-making with the human factor is formulated. The distinction between the concepts of "decision" (as already existing) and "making decision" (as a complex process, a system of management actions, forecasting options and choosing between them) is described. Certain procedures are presented in the implementation of the decisionmaking process in order to show possible approaches, stages and decisionmaking techniques, as well as the readiness to implement a specific solution. The dependence (efficiency) of the management organization on the decisions made and their implementation is indicated. Besides, the paper sets forth the logic of making the "right" decisions based on "information". The authors conclude about the importance of applying the decisionmaking theory during the safety analysis and predicting the likely extreme situations at nuclear power facilities and the need to continuously improve the management structures.

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8.
Kozlovskyi, S.
    Management and comprehensive assessment of the probability of bankruptcy of Ukrainian enterprises based on the methods of fuzzy sets theory [Текст] / S. Kozlovskyi, A. Butyrskyi, B. Poliakov, A. Bobkova, R. Lavrov, N. Ivanyuta // Problems and Perspectives in Management. - 2019. - Vol. 17, Issue 3. - P. 370-381
   Перевод заглавия: Управление и комплексная оценка вероятности банкротства украинских предприятий на основе методов теории нечетких множеств
УДК
ББК У9(4УКР) + У9(4УКР)30

Аннотация: Managing and evaluating the probability of bankruptcy of Ukrainian enterprises is one of the most complex and relevant problems of the economy and management. In the context of Ukraine’s integration into the international space, there is an arising issue of assessing the bankruptcy of Ukrainian enterprises that meets international financial standards and allows administering this process. A qualitative assessment of the bankruptcy of an enterprise is possible only using artificial intelligence methods – the fuzzy sets method, which allows including qualitative and quantitative indicators to the model for assessing bankruptcy of enterprises in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to improve the existing method for assessing the probability of bankruptcy of Ukrainian enterprises on the basis of the fuzzy sets method, which will include indicators of international financial reporting and allow more efficient administration and management of this process. The subject of the research is the process of formalizing the method of the enterprise bankruptcy assessment in accordance with the indicators of International Financial Reporting Standards. The study offers a mechanism for a comprehensive assessment of the probability of bankruptcy of Ukrainian enterprises with the use of the methods of fuzzy sets, which is based on international financial indicators: current ratio, payable turnover ratio, equity turnover ratio, return on assets, equity-to-debt ratio. The mechanism allows quickly managing bankruptcy conditions. In order to administer the economic activity of the bankrupt enterprises, based on the theory of a fuzzy sets, a system of enterprises management takes into account the international financial reporting

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9.
Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Legal relation: The issues of delineation (on the basis of the civil law of Ukraine) [Текст] / O. M. Yaroshenko, A. M. Sliusar, O. H. Sereda, V. O. Zakrynyska // Asia Life Sciences. - 2019. - Iss. 2. - p. 719-734
   Перевод заглавия: Правовые отношения: вопросы разграничения (на основании гражданского законодательства Украины)
ББК Х627 + Х623

Аннотация: Civil relations are one of the fundamental topics of the civil law being the subject of the research attention of civil law scientists for many decades, both in Ukraine and abroad. Modern tendencies of social and economic transformations of the society, shifts in value and globalization challenges made topical the issue of delineation of civil and labor legal relations arguing the necessity in comparative analysis of their essence and content, definition of further perspective of interaction of civil and labor law branches. In the process of the study, the essence and content of civil relation have been revealed; the problem of replacement of labor relations with civil law, as well as the established judicial practice in this area on the territory of Ukraine has been analysed; risks and perspective of delineation of civil and labor relations have been determined; generalized author principles to delineate relations under the investigation have been proposed; the necessity to use the conceptual and categorical framework of a specific law branch regulating certain legal relations as a guarantee of a business entity against the claims of the controlling authorities has been substantiated.

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10.
Gusarov, K. .
    Finality of Judgments in Civil Cases and Related Considerations: The Experience of Ukraine and Lithuania [Текст] / K. Gusarov, V. Terekhov // Access to justice in Eastern Europe. - 2019. - Iss. 4. - P. 6-29
УДК
ББК Х629.217 + Х629.2
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-2.4-a000020

Аннотация: Finality of judgments is a concept that puts an end to the trial, prohibiting subsequent appeals, opening of new proceedings and disputing clearly established facts. Despite being promoted by the Council of Europe and its Court of Human Rights and familiar to most if not all states, its application still encounters misunderstandings in some Eastern European Countries. Deeply rooted ideas of substantive truth and the public role of the judiciary, a rather idiosyncratic notion of fair trial and the rule of law all lead to underestimation of the role played by finality in a peaceful life of the society. This article addresses the experience of Ukraine (where a major judicial reform has just taken place) and Lithuania - two post-Soviet nations that both, still in their unique way, worked on implementing the principle of finality into their procedural order. The paper also explores an uneasy balance to be found between this notion and other relevant considerations (access to justice, rule of law, judicial economy and some other).

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3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

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Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава