Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.
Grynchak, A. A..
    Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms as a Constitutional Instrument of European Public Order [Text] / A. A. Grynchak, Y. S. Tavolzhanska, S. V. Grynchak, V. S. Smorodynskyi, K. V. Latysh // Public Organization Review. - 2022 . - Published: 07 January 2022
   Перевод заглавия: Конвенція про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод як конституційний інструмент європейського громадського порядку
УДК
РУБ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00583-9

Аннотация: Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms simultaneously complements the content of European public order, introducing human rights as a new component and providing two powerful mechanisms for implementing and guaranteeing this order, namely the Convention and a judicial body - the ECtHR. The results obtained allow us to formulate new concepts of unification of terms and approaches to the public order in Europe, which will integrate this region even more into the common legal space and provide the protection of human rights and freedoms at a new, higher level.

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2.
Slinko, T. .
    The rule of law principle in the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine [Текст] / T. Slinko, L. Letnianchyn, L. Bayrachna, Y. Tkachenko // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2022. - Vol. 5 [не зазначено у Web of Science], Iss. 1 (13). - P. 165-177
   Перевод заглавия: Принцип верховенства права в правовых позициях конституционного суда Украины
РУБ DOI 10.33327/AJEE-18-5.1-n000099

Аннотация: Background: The Constitutional Court of Ukraine and courts of general jurisdiction play one of the main roles in the application of the rule of law. The article is devoted to the study of the constitutionalisation of the principle of the rule of law, as well as its constituent elements, in particular, the principle of legal certainty, proportionality, and direct action of the Constitution of Ukraine. The article analyses the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the content of the above elements of the rule of law. It is emphasised that the principle of proportionality is fundamental to defining the limits of human rights. The content of this fundamental principle is manifested in the proportionally reasonable relation between the purpose of restricting a certain human right and the means used by the state to limit it. In addition, it is noted that the principle of direct action of the Constitution as an element of the rule of law has limited effect and relates mainly to provisions on human and civil rights and freedoms, as well as the provisions of new procedural codes introducing a novelty, which are generally perceived positively. Methods: The paper used the following methods of analysis and synthesis to examine the main approaches to the definition of the rule of law and its individual elements: the system-structural method, which allowed us to give a structural description of the principle of the rule of law, as well as to analyse the content of its elements, and the logical-legal method, which provided an opportunity to clarify the content of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the interpretation of the rule of law. Results and Conclusions: Theoretical and practical approaches to substantiating the nature of the rule of law and the content of its structural elements in the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine were developed and analysed.

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3.
Karpachova, N. .
    Impact Of Direct Effect Of Constitutional Norms And Practice Of The European Union On The Efficiency Of Human Rights’ Realization And Protection [Текст] / N. Karpachova, O. Dobrianska, O. Punda, I. Protsiuk, Y. Zhuravel, N. Chudyk, O. Korotun // Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2021. - Vol. 24, Spec. Iss. 1. - P. 1-8
   Перевод заглавия: Вплив прямої дії конституційних норм та практики Європейського Союзу на ефективність реалізації та захисту прав людини
УДК

Аннотация: It has been emphasized that the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine and the norms of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms are correlated in structure, form of action and features of application that allows determining the conceptual features for the formation of the mechanism of realizing and applying the Constitution of Ukraine as norms of direct effect. It has been emphasized that the central idea is the uneventful application of the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms at the stages of realizing human rights and their protection due to the similar nature and legal structure of their norms. It has been noted that the use of such an approach creates an objective opportunity to establish whether there were violations of any requirements at the stages of: protecting such a right (existence and application of preventive measures), implementing the right (obstacles to achieving a certain good by a person) and protecting human right (taking sufficient and effective measures aimed at restoring the person’s status). It has been stated that the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine, given their legal properties, can be applied similarly to the way how the European Court applies the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Considering the provisions of the current procedural legislation of Ukraine on the powers of courts, it has been proved that human rights are realized and protected in out-of-court and judicial manner exclusively and directly on the basis of the norms of the Basic Law. It has been noted that the forms of applying the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms should be understood as methods of applying the norms of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms by the authorized subjects to certain legal relations that is expressed in the relevant acts, namely: literal application – carrying out law-enforcement activities on the basis of the norms of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms without their interpretation; expanding application – the implementation of law-enforcement activities on the basis of the norms of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms as a result of their interpretation.

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4.
Kabalskyi, R. .
    Does normativity contribute to the effective protection of rights? Reflections on the concept of normativity in the modern ukrainian doctrine of law [Text] / R. Kabalskyi, O. Shevchyk // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2021. - Vol. 4, Iss. 2. - p. 155-169
   Перевод заглавия: Чи сприяє нормативність ефективному захисту прав? Роздуми над концепцією нормативності в сучасній українській правовій доктрині
ББК Х06
РУБ DOI: 10.33327/AJEE-18-4.3-n000081

Аннотация: Normativity is considered the basis for the implementation of social regulation. However, this regulation of social relations must be organised and have a positive impact on the development of society. Normativity is considered to be the primary, original property of social reality due to the natural demand for establishing order and its integral ability for self-organisation. The integration of elements into a balanced system is carried out through their coordinated interactions, resulting in something new, which has a unique integrative quality, provided that this quality was absent before their integration into the system. At the same time, nowadays, the phenomenon of normativity is studied mostly from traditional positions. A number of well-known works that raise the issue of normativity were written in the middle of the last century under conditions of an ideological monopoly and are unlikely to enrich the modern understanding of the normative nature of law. Today, in the Ukrainian scholarly literature, because of Soviet remnants, only the formal (positive-empirical) side of normativity is being assessed, which leads to it being replaced by the concept of state coercion. In general, this leads to the spread and dominance of extremely negative phenomena in Ukrainian society, among which the total non-enforcement of court decisions is worth mentioning. The solution to this problem cannot simply be improving coercive measures of the state alone – there must be changes to understanding the rule of law and, in particular, the nature of normativity. The analysis of the method of objectification (formation) of the due diligence of law will significantly contribute to targeting this problem because the latter is not solely derived from the dictates of the state (or the empirical phenomena). However, the key focus is finding the answer to one of the most important questions of jurisprudence and the philosophy of law, namely: ‘Why should a person obey the law?’. Thus, we are highly motivated to initiate a philosophical and legal rethinking of approaches to the normativity of law and the legitimation of state and legal processes. This article is an attempt to target a discussion in this sphere.

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5.
Teremetskyi, V. .
    Access to Justice and Legal Aid for Vulnerable Groups: New Challenges Caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic [Текст] / V. Teremetskyi, Y. Duliba, O. Drozdova, L. Zhukovska, O. Sivash, I. Dziuba // Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2021. - Vol. 24, Spec. Iss. 1. - P. 1-11
   Перевод заглавия: Доступ до правосуддя та правової допомоги для вразливих груп населення: нові виклики, викликані пандемією COVID-19
УДК

Аннотация: The unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the realization of human rights has disproportionately affected vulnerable groups and created a global gap injustice, a gap in human rights from discrimination and poverty in access to social protection and basic services, insufficient or no access to justice, lack of access to justice. Legal aid. This article deals with current issues of access to justice and legal aid for the vulnerable during thepandemic of COVID-19. It is concluded that no country will be able to ensure the implementation of goal 16.3 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals on 2030 on equal access to justice for all until has not focused on closing the global justice gap, increasing access to justice, providing legal aid to the most vulnerable groups. For the implementation of the policy of access to justice for vulnerable states must have a different approach to justice – a people-centered approach to justice that puts consideration of the individual at the heart of justice responses by providing access to information, programs and policies. Ensuring equal access to justice, access to legal aid, an increased level of legal awareness among vulnerable groups, and a vibrant strong civil society, that contribute to access to justice, are key criteria for ensuring access to justice for vulnerable people. Providing equal access to justice through access to legal aid is key to ensuring access to justice in any state. Today it is important to overcome barriers to access to justice, such as the digital barrier, barriers related to financial costs, complexity, lack of information and access to services, and lack of access to legal aid or representation. States should be effective, must guarantee credible commitment, support coordination, and promote cooperation. States, justice systems must collaborate with public organizations and civil society to address the root causes of disputes and avert violence, conflict, and human rights abuses.

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6.
Haltsova, V. V..
    Criminal law as a means of protecting human rights and freedoms in the modern world [Текст] = Кримінальний закон як засіб охорони прав і свобод людини в сучасному світі / V. V. Haltsova, S. O. Kharytonov, O. M. Khramtsov, O. O. Zhytnyi, A. A. Vasyliev // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, No. 3. - P. 248-256
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.248-256

Аннотация: This paper is a comprehensive study of the problems of criminal law as a remedy for human rights and freedoms in the modern world. The relevance of this subject lies in the systematic violations of constitutional human rights and freedoms and the inaction of the criminal law in such cases. Nowadays, the criminal law as a remedy for human rights and freedoms in national and international law is described by imperfection in its adaptation to rapidly changing social relations, which, accordingly, leads to problems in their legal protection. There are various reasons for this in the legal sphere, such as gaps in the legal provisions, conflicts of legal regulation and inconsistency of the rules of legislation with existing public relations in the state. All of the above determines the relevance of the subject matter of this study. Thus, the purpose of this study was a comprehensive analysis of theoretical and applied issues relating to the remedies for human rights and legitimate interests against socially dangerous encroachments, and the formulation of scientifically sound proposals for improving the current legislation of Ukraine and the practice of its application in this area. Ultimately, this study identified the legal characteristics of human rights and freedoms at both the national and international levels. The remedies for rights were demonstrated through the lens of criminal law. In addition, the study analysed the forms of implementation of international practice in the national legislation of Ukraine as a remedy for human rights and freedoms in the modern world. The significance of the results of this study was expressed in the further research of related subjects concerning this issue, namely the history of the development of EU criminal law standards and the historical establishment of the concept of human and citizen rights and legitimate interests. Furthermore, the materials of this study can be used in the preparation of educational materials, methodological recommendations, as well as training in various fields of legal science. This, in turn, will allow properly using the criminal law protection of human rights and freedoms without violations on the part of criminal justice bodies.
Ця робота є комплексним дослідженням проблем кримінального права як засобу захисту прав і свобод людини в сучасному світі. Актуальність теми роботи полягає у систематичних порушеннях конституційних прав і свобод людини та бездіяльності кримінального законодавства у таких випадках. Нині кримінальне право як засіб захисту прав і свобод людини у національному та міжнародному праві характеризується недосконалістю його адаптації до швидко мінливих суспільних обставин, що, відповідно, призводить до проблем у їх правовому захисті. Для цього в правовій сфері існують різні причини, наприклад, прогалини у правових положеннях, колізії правового регулювання та невідповідність норм законодавства існуючим суспільним відносинам у державі. Усе вищесказане визначає актуальність предмета даного дослідження. Таким чином, метою статті був комплексний аналіз теоретичних та прикладних питань, що стосуються засобів захисту прав людини та законних інтересів проти суспільно небезпечних посягань, а також формулювання науково обґрунтованих пропозицій щодо вдосконалення чинного законодавства України та практики його застосування у цій сфері. Зрештою, це дослідження виявило правові характеристики прав і свобод людини як на національному, так і на міжнародному рівнях. Засоби захисту прав були продемонстровані через приціл кримінального права. Крім того, у дослідженні проаналізовано форми впровадження міжнародної практики у національне законодавство України як засіб захисту прав і свобод людини в сучасному світі. Важливість результатів цього дослідження була виражена в подальшому дослідженні суміжних предметів, що стосуються цього питання, а саме історії розвитку стандартів кримінального права ЄС та історичного утвердження концепції прав людини та громадянина та законних інтересів. Крім того, матеріали цього дослідження можуть бути використані при підготовці навчальних матеріалів, методичних рекомендацій, а також у навчанні з різних галузей юридичної науки. Це, у свою чергу, дозволить належним чином використовувати кримінально-правовий захист прав і свобод людини без порушень з боку органів кримінального правосуддя.

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7.
Razmetaeva, Y. S..
    Abortion, human rights and medical advances in digital age [Текст] / Y. S. Razmetaeva, O. O. Sydorenko // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 1. - P. 132-136
   Перевод заглавия: Аборт, права людини та медичні досягнення в цифровому возрасте
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.36740/wlek202101126 + PubMed: 33851603

Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: The article analyzes the impact of abortion on human rights and women's health in the light of medical and technological advances of the digital age. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The methods of research were dialectic approach and general analysis of normative and scientific sources, analysis of the results of studies of women's mental health after abortions, analysis of judicial practice, especially decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the results of author's own empirical studies, the formal legal method, the comparative legal method and the historical method. It has been established that there is no strong evidence that abortion negatively affects a woman's mental health, including no evidence that the emotional consequences aredeeply personal, or are rather the result of societal pressure. Arguments were refuted about extending the protection of human rights regarding abortion to unborn children and their fathers. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The article emphasizes that the ethical burden on medical workers, especially in jurisdictions that require the approval of a doctor to legally terminate a pregnancy,increases significantly due to information flows and community expectations dictated by new medical advances.

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8.
Мерник, А. М..
    Вакцинация: право человека или обязанность [Текст] = Vaccination: human right or duty / А. М. Мерник, О. Н. Ярошенко, Н. И. Иншин, Д. В. Лукьянов, О. С. Гиляка // Georgian medical news. - 2021. - Vol. 315, No. 6. - P. 135-141
УДК

Аннотация: The article focuses on the fact that 2020 has become a new point in the history of mankind, irrevocably changing the ways of life accepted in society and forcing the entire population of the earth to live in a new way. If a person's health is threatened and / or worried about the thought of a terminal illness, it is difficult to focus on something else. Over the past year, many have experienced this reality for the first time. Effective January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization has declared the coronavirus outbreak a health emergency, causing international concern. The fact that some countries (New Zealand, Australia and South Korea) quickly contained the spread of the virus, but faced new, imported cases, leads to the conclusion that the victory over COVID-19 is possible only worldwide. And if in 2020 masks and social distancing were the methods of fighting the virus, then the main method of 2021 will be the vaccination of the inhabitants of the earth. However, here, too, the key factor is the scale of vaccination, which is one of the main factors in the effectiveness of the fight against any large-scale disease. Here, every person faces a moral and legal question: participation in vaccination is the right of every person as a bearer of human dignity, which implies the impossibility of taking any action on a person without his consent, or the duty of a member of society, which implies the need for vaccination as the question of the survival of the human race as a whole. The article draws attention to the refusal to vaccinate against measles in Ukraine and the consequences of such a choice. The reason for the lack of measles vaccination at the required epidemiological level in Ukraine is not the lack of the necessary vaccines, but the conscious choice of a negative model of behavior by the citizens of the country. The refusal to vaccinate children may be due to a psychological factor caused by the death of a student who was vaccinated against measles on the eve of death. At the same time, the media thirteen years after the event, conducting numerous medical examinations, provides fundamentally contradictory information about the causal relationship between the vaccination of a student against measles and his death. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection and severe outcomes caused by viruses. Despite this vaccination coverage against viral infections, seasonal influenza in many countries around the world remains low. Even if a vaccine is available to the citizens of a particular country, but educational programs are not carried out on the need and importance of vaccination, the potential for increasing vaccination rates against viruses will continually diminish. The most common explanation for the current upsurge in vaccine uncertainty is that the Internet enables vaccine deniers to reach out to a wide audience by publicizing their beliefs. Some activists only criticize some vaccines. Such a selective stance may indicate a communication strategy used to promote a particular vaccine. Attention should also be paid to the refusal to vaccinate due to the lack of acceptance by the human mind of traditional medicine, not belief in its effectiveness, the use of alternative, alternative medicine in the treatment of diseases. The reasons for not trusting the vaccination process are highlighted. These include: lack of trust in vaccine manufacturers who are economically motivated to make a profit; not trusting medical institutions that provide vaccinations and the conditions in which vaccines are stored; lack of confidence in government agencies involved in the procurement of vaccines, the possibility of corruption in case of abuse of their powers; fear of disease and side effects due to vaccination; distortion by the media of objective data on vaccination.

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9.
Bukhanevych, O. M..
    Approaches to understanding the category "special legal regimes" [Текст] = Підходи до розуміння категорії "особливі правові режими" / O. M. Bukhanevych, A. M. Mernyk, O. O. Petryshyn // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 1. - P. 71-78
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.28(1).2021.71-78

Аннотация: The study investigates the main approaches to understanding such legal categories as “legal regimes” and “special legal regime”, and provides their classification. Special legal regimes serve as the legal basis for restricting human and civil rights and freedoms; therefore, the relevance of the study of the concept, types, and main features of special legal regimes is beyond doubt. The authors of the study consider the relationship between the categories of special legal regime of a state of emergency and martial law, and describe the main grounds for their imposition. The authors noted a need for a clear, consistent legal regulation of the model of behaviour aimed at overcoming and eliminating negative consequences of an emergency and military nature. Attention is focused on the fact that in Ukraine, the regulation of public relations arising in connection with emergencies and military situations has become particularly important after the emergence of a military conflict on the territory of Ukraine and the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The study provides the author’s vision of the categories “legal regimes” and “special legal regimes”. it is proposed to interpret the legal regimes as the regulatory procedure, which is expressed in a set of legal means that describe a special combination of interacting permits, prohibitions, and obligations, while implementing a special focus of regulation. The latter should be interpreted as a form of public administration that makes provision for the restriction of the legal personality of individuals and legal entities, introduced as a temporary measure provided by means of administrative and legal nature, and aimed at ensuring the security of the individual, society, and the state. The study provides the classification of special legal regimes and contains proposals to distinguish them according to the content and basis of occurrence as follows: state of emergency, martial law, state of siege, state of war, state of public danger, state of tension, state of defence, state of threat, state of readiness, state of vigilance.

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10.
Petryshyn, O. V..
    Human rights in the digital age: Challenges, threats and prospects [Текст] = Права людини в цифрову епоху: виклики, загрози та перспективи / O. V. Petryshyn, O. S. Hyliaka // Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. - 2021. - Vol. 28, Iss. 1. - P. 15-23
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.37635/jnalsu.28(1).2021.15-23

Аннотация: The current stage of development of public relations is described by a rapid increase in digital technologies. Intensive development of science and active technological progress have become the main characteristic features of modern society. This has affected the specific features of people’s lives in society, the exercise of their rights and freedoms, and has become a catalyst for the development of a new category of human rights - “digital” rights. The purpose of the study is to analyse the main threats and challenges facing human rights and freedoms in the context of digitalisation, and to develop proposals on promising ways to protect against these threats. The study conducts a theoretical and legal research of problematic issues of the implementation of human rights in the context of mass digitalisation of public relations, indicates that the era of digital technologies provides completely new and qualitatively different opportunities for their implementation, but at the same time it creates new challenges and threats to ensure these rights and freedoms. It is noted that classical human rights and freedoms are being transformed, filled with new aspects and content, and branched out into those that are related to the digitalisation process. The results of digitalisation of many spheres of life require comprehension and adequate formulation of the legal mechanism for regulating, implementing, protecting the already existing and emerging human rights for the purpose of sustainable socio-economic development, ensuring the implementation and protection of constitutional human and civil rights and freedoms. The study focuses on new rights such as the right to be forgotten, the right to anonymity, the right to protect personal data, the right to digital education and access to digital knowledge; rights related to the protection of genetic information; rights to take part in property turnover in the digital sphere.

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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава