Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого ⚖ Головна ⓘ Довiдка
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1.
Вовк, Д. .
    “У судей есть политическое чутье.” Юриспруденция Конституционного Суда Украины в политически чувствительных делах [Текст] = “Justices have a political sense.” The Constitutional Court of Ukraine’s jurisprudence in politically sensitive cases / Д. Вовк, Ю. Барабаш // Ideology and Politics Journal. - 2021. - Iss. 2 (18). - P. 312-334
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.36169/2227-6068.2021.02.00014

Аннотация: The paper studies the problem of politicization of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. The authors analyze five notable and controversial decisions, decided by the Court in favor of the Ukrainian President. These decisions allowed the President to reach certain goals important for strengthening or securing his power. Based on legal and political analysis of these decisions the authors argue that, while considering these cases, the Court has instrumentalized the rule of law and its elements as a tool for perusing political goals. Seven anonymous interviews with retired constitutional justices conducted by the authors largely support this conclusion.
Статья посвящена проблеме политизации Конституционного Суда Украины. Авторы анализируют пять решений Суда, в которых он встал на сторону Президента Украины, позволив тем самым последнему решить определенную задачу, связанную с укреплением или сохранением своей власти. Юридический и политический анализ этих решений, по мнению авторов, позволяет обоснованно говорить о практике политической инструментализации верховенства права, то есть использовании Судом различных требований верховенства права как инструментов достижения политически мотивированного результата. Проведенные авторами анонимные интервью с семью бывшими судьями Конституционного Суда в целом подтверждают этот вывод.

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2.
Satokhina, N. .
    “The loss of experience” in digital age: Legal implications [Текст] / N. Satokhina, Y. Razmetaeva // Phenomenology and Mind. - 2021. - No. 20. - P. 128-136
   Перевод заглавия: “Втрата досвіду” в епоху цифрових технологій: правові наслідки
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.17454/pam-2011

Аннотация: Exploring the history of our experience, Hannah Arendt reveals not only a radical transformation of its structure, but also the loss of experience as such and its replacement with technology. In order to identify the place of law in this process, we are trying to clarify the legal aspect of experience in terms of phenomenological hermeneutics and to trace its transformation in the digital age. The experience of law is thought of as one of the aspects of our mode of being-in-the-world, which is based on openness to the world and consists in the mutual recognition of people in their dignity. Digital technologies, in turn, contribute to replacing fundamental openness with illusory freedom in cyberspace. The latter, unlike the public realm as a realm of action of many, and in this sense legal realm, is based primarily on productive activities of one and no longer requires law.

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3.
Корчева, Т. В..
    Правовые и морально-философские проблемы эвтаназии [Текст] = [Legal, moral and philosophical problems of euthanasia] / Т. В. Корчева, Е. П. Невельская-Гордеева // Georgian medical news. - 2021. - No 9 (318). - P. 172-174
УДК

Аннотация: The purpose of this study is to discuss and present authors' vision of problems of euthanasia legal regulation in legislation with due consideration of human rights and liberties. The study was performed considering a set of disciplines: medicine, jurisprudence, religion, philosophy. A number of international documents were generalized, practice of European Court of Human Rights, Criminal Codes of Ukraine, Georgia and a number of other countries, relating to the question under study, views of scholars on moral and legal aspects, juridical and philosophical comprehension of this agenda. The following scientific methods were applied: systemic legal method, comparative legal method, philosophical legal method, logical method, as well as analysis and synthesis method. The authors developed proposals in solution of problems connected with this subject matter. Legalization of euthanasia is found to be possible by allowing its application to be reflected in Article 52, Law of Ukraine "Fundamentals of Ukrainian Legislation on Public Health". We determined that execution of euthanasia belongs to rights of physician, not his/her duties. In this we noted that this novelty will rule out any possibility of subsequent introduction of a special norm to Ukrainian Criminal Code stipulating criminal responsibility of physician for execution of euthanasia and, as a subsequence, will preclude any pre-trial and trial judicature (Articles 214, 215, Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine).

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4.
Мерник, А. М..
    Вакцинация: право человека или обязанность [Текст] = Vaccination: human right or duty / А. М. Мерник, О. Н. Ярошенко, Н. И. Иншин, Д. В. Лукьянов, О. С. Гиляка // Georgian medical news. - 2021. - Vol. 315, No. 6. - P. 135-141
УДК

Аннотация: The article focuses on the fact that 2020 has become a new point in the history of mankind, irrevocably changing the ways of life accepted in society and forcing the entire population of the earth to live in a new way. If a person's health is threatened and / or worried about the thought of a terminal illness, it is difficult to focus on something else. Over the past year, many have experienced this reality for the first time. Effective January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization has declared the coronavirus outbreak a health emergency, causing international concern. The fact that some countries (New Zealand, Australia and South Korea) quickly contained the spread of the virus, but faced new, imported cases, leads to the conclusion that the victory over COVID-19 is possible only worldwide. And if in 2020 masks and social distancing were the methods of fighting the virus, then the main method of 2021 will be the vaccination of the inhabitants of the earth. However, here, too, the key factor is the scale of vaccination, which is one of the main factors in the effectiveness of the fight against any large-scale disease. Here, every person faces a moral and legal question: participation in vaccination is the right of every person as a bearer of human dignity, which implies the impossibility of taking any action on a person without his consent, or the duty of a member of society, which implies the need for vaccination as the question of the survival of the human race as a whole. The article draws attention to the refusal to vaccinate against measles in Ukraine and the consequences of such a choice. The reason for the lack of measles vaccination at the required epidemiological level in Ukraine is not the lack of the necessary vaccines, but the conscious choice of a negative model of behavior by the citizens of the country. The refusal to vaccinate children may be due to a psychological factor caused by the death of a student who was vaccinated against measles on the eve of death. At the same time, the media thirteen years after the event, conducting numerous medical examinations, provides fundamentally contradictory information about the causal relationship between the vaccination of a student against measles and his death. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection and severe outcomes caused by viruses. Despite this vaccination coverage against viral infections, seasonal influenza in many countries around the world remains low. Even if a vaccine is available to the citizens of a particular country, but educational programs are not carried out on the need and importance of vaccination, the potential for increasing vaccination rates against viruses will continually diminish. The most common explanation for the current upsurge in vaccine uncertainty is that the Internet enables vaccine deniers to reach out to a wide audience by publicizing their beliefs. Some activists only criticize some vaccines. Such a selective stance may indicate a communication strategy used to promote a particular vaccine. Attention should also be paid to the refusal to vaccinate due to the lack of acceptance by the human mind of traditional medicine, not belief in its effectiveness, the use of alternative, alternative medicine in the treatment of diseases. The reasons for not trusting the vaccination process are highlighted. These include: lack of trust in vaccine manufacturers who are economically motivated to make a profit; not trusting medical institutions that provide vaccinations and the conditions in which vaccines are stored; lack of confidence in government agencies involved in the procurement of vaccines, the possibility of corruption in case of abuse of their powers; fear of disease and side effects due to vaccination; distortion by the media of objective data on vaccination.

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5.
Batyrgareieva, V. S..
    Victimological risks for road users as an element of public health [Текст] / V. S. Batyrgareieva, A. V. Kalinina, K. O. Poltava // Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2021. - Vol. 74, Iss. 11, cz. 2. - P. 2922-2927
   Перевод заглавия: Віктимологічні ризики для учасників дорожнього руху як елемент здоров’я населення
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.36740/WLek202111211 + PMID: 35029557

Аннотация: ABSTRACT The aim: This article aims to analyze the statistics of road accidents victims in Ukraine in general and the level of criminal offenses’ against traffic safety and transport operation victims, in particular, to consider the main victimological risks for road users and provide them with a public health approach. Materials and methods: The theoretical basis of the article is specialized literature on law, economics, and sociology. The empirical basis of the research was the materials of generalization of more than 1,000 criminal proceedings under Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the results of a survey of Ukrainian citizens on the state of road safety in Ukraine. Results: According to the results of an empirical study, in terms of role, pedestrians clearly predominate among the victims (59.6%), while every fourth victim is a passenger of a vehicle. Driver victims are only 14.6% of the total number. Victimological risk on the roads is the probability of becoming a victim and suffering damage to one’s life and health from criminal offenses against traffic safety and operation of transport. For each of the categories of victims there are both general and specific victimological risks. The causes of accidents can be grouped by the source of danger in the triangle “person – mechanism – road”. Conclusions:The most dangerous and widespread victimological risks for road users in Ukraine are speeding and maneuvering, drunk driving, parking violations, poor road infrastructure, physiological and psychological characteristics of road users, low professional skills of drivers, etc.

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6.
Savytska, L. .
    Using Word2vec technique to determine semantic and morphologic similarity in embedded words of the Ukrainian language [Текст] / L. Savytska, N. Vnukova, I. Bezugla, V. Pyvovarov, M.T. Subay // Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Systems (CoLInS 2021) : 5th International Conference, Lviv, Ukraine (22-23 April 2021). - Lviv, 2021. - Vol. 1: Main Conference. - P. 235-248. - (CEUR Workshop Proceedings ; Vol. 2870)
   Перевод заглавия: Використання методики Word2vec для визначення семантичної та морфологічної подібності у вбудованих словах української мови
УДК

Аннотация: The study presents the word translation into vectors of real numbers (word embeddings), one of the most important topics in natural language processing. Word2vec is the latest techniques developed by Tomas Mikolov to study high quality vectors. The majority of studies on clustering the word vectors were made in English. Dmitry Chaplinsky has already counted and published vectors for the Ukrainian language by using LexVec, Word2vec and GloVe techniques, obtained from fiction, newswire and ubercorpus texts, for VESUM dictionary and other related NLP tools for the Ukrainian language. There was no research done on the vectors by using Word2vec technique to create Ukrainian corpus, obtained from Wikipedia dump as the main source. The collection contains more than two hundred and sixty one million words. The dictionary of words (unique words) obtained from the corpus is more than seven hundred and nine thousand. The research using machine technology Word2vec is of great practical importance to computerise many areas of linguistic analysis. The open-source Python programming language was used to obtain word vectors with Word2vec techniques and to calculate the cosine proximity of the vectors. In order to do machine learning with Word2vec techniques on Python, a resource containing open source licensed software libraries called "Gensim" was used. Calculations regarding the cosine affinities of the obtained vectors were made using "Gensim" libraries. The research examining the clustering of the word vectors obtained from the Ukrainian corpus was made considering the two sub-branches of linguistics, semantics and morphology (language morphology). Firstly, it was investigated how accurately the vectors are obtained from the Ukrainian corpus and how the words represent the cluster they belong to. Secondly, it was investigated how word vectors are clustered and associated respectively to the morphological features of the suffixes of the Ukrainian language.

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7.
Yekimov, S. .
    Using the project method to improve environmental education for law students [Text] / S. Yekimov, Y. Karmanny, A. Zenin, I. Zinovatna, S. Sliusarenko // E3S Web of Conferences. - 2021. - Vol. 265. - 5 p. . - (Actual Problems of Ecology and Environmental Management (APEEM 2021)) . - Art. № 07005
   Перевод заглавия: Використання проектного методу для покращення екологічної освіти студентів юридичних факультетів
ББК Х.х
РУБ DOI 10.1051/e3sconf/202126507005

Аннотация: Training a modern professional who can use a creative approach within the framework of their professional activities, as well as to easily adapt to many modern technological changes, requires the use of modern innovative pedagogical technologies in the training process. When performing this study, we used the project method to increase environmental awareness and environmental thinking among students of the specialty law. Environmental education is learning through the environment, for the environment, and about the environment. The authors believe that it should be universal, and its components should be present in preschool, school, vocational, higher, and postgraduate professional education. We believe that the greatest effect can be achieved by continuing environmental education, provided that it becomes an indispensable attribute of personal development. The results of the implemented project showed that the students of law have increased their.

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8.
Demura, M.
    Using artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal judiciary: international experience and domestic prospects [Текст] / M. Demura, D. Klepka // Science And Innovation. - 2021. - Vol. 17, Iss. 5. - P. 95-102
   Перевод заглавия: Використання алгоритмів штучного інтелекту у сфері кримінального судової судовства: міжнародний досвід та внутрішні перспективи
УДК
РУБ DOI: 10.31207/ih.v10i2.291

Аннотация: Introduction. The world has been currently experiencing a new technological revolution, the key element of which is the transmission, processing, and use of information. One of the directions of this revolution is the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) science in various fields. Problem Statement. International experience in the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in the field of criminal justice and national prospects for its use. Purpose. The purpose is to study the international experience in the use of AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice and to identify possible directions for the introduction of such technologies in the domestic criminal process. Materials and Methods. The methodological framework is the dialectical, systemic, logical methods, as well as the law comparison method. Results. The analysis of national and foreign criminal procedural legislation, as well as the practice of using AI in the field of criminal procedure has shown the possibilities of using AI algorithms in the field of criminal justice. It has been proved that, given the international experience, the introduction of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine is not only a promising, but in some cases, a necessary tool to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of participators in criminal proceedings. At the same time, the most important issue is the observance of individual rights when using AI algorithms, as well as ensuring a fair trial so that everyone who has committed a criminal offense is brought to justice, no innocent person has been accused or convicted, no person has been subjected to unreasonable procedural coercion, and that proper legal procedure is applied to each participator in the criminal proceedings. Conclusions. The use of AI may significantly reduce the burden on pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutor's office, and judicial system in general. In addition to proper technical support for the use of AI algorithms in criminal proceedings in Ukraine, it is also necessary to introduce adequate and high-quality regulations for the use of such technologies in criminal proceedings.

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9.
Reznik, O. .
    Use of Information and Communication Technologies in the Election Process: Ukrainian Realities and Foreign Experience [Текст] / O. Reznik, T. Slinko, M. Kravchuk, V. Serohin, V. Strelianyi // Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2021. - Vol. 24, Iss. 1. - P. 1-7
   Перевод заглавия: Використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у виборчому процесі: українські реалії та зарубіжний досвід
УДК

Аннотация: The features of the use of information and communication technologies in the election process have been examined in the article. In particular, the essence and features of electronic voting as a promising direction of modern information and communication technologies are determined. The foreign experience of using information and communication technologies is studied, namely, the normative-legal and organizational components of application of electronic voting and electronic counting of votes are determined. Based on the results of studying the experience of introducing e-voting on the example of the USA, Estonia, Switzerland, Germany, and Ireland, it has been concluded that it had not only positive consequences but also a negative result. Among the countries considered, in which electronic voting is currently used in elections, it has been found that Estonia has achieved the greatest success in this area, and which not only has a secure and reliable e-voting system but also a nationally mandated body, the National Electoral Committee, to manage the online voting system to ensure trust in the system. It has been found that in Ukraine the use of electronic voting in the election process is only at the stage of active discussion, experience in the use of this latest technology in the country is still lacking, and therefore its introduction remains an urgent need.

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10.
Shulzhenko, N.
    Types of individual criminal responsibility according to article 25 (3) of rome statute [Текст] / N. Shulzhenko, S. Romashkin // Juridical Tribune. - 2021. - Vol. 11, Iss. 1. - P. 72-80
   Перевод заглавия: Види індивідуальної кримінальної відповідальності відповідно до статті 25 (3) Римського статуту
УДК

Аннотация: In this Article, we outline the concepts of international law that relate to cases of individual liability as well as to contradictions in the international legal system and provide the possibility to understand the legal aspects that emerge from certain conditions. Present international law is primarily based on the notion of independent international duty (majorly of governments and international organisations). This definition often does not provide a substantive or institutional tool for the distribution of responsibilities between a majority of participants in circumstances where contributions to negative results can not be applied on the basis of the particular cause of each person. The main tasks of the article is firstly to identify and define the main historical background and concepts that allow us to assess the law pertaining to individual responsibility and to conceptualize the relevant practice of the International Criminal court as well as to discuss the potentials and limits of the current framework of international responsibility in dealing with situations of both collective and individual responsibility.

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Умовні позначення місця знаходження

3_пов.(ЗПІ) – зала правової інформації, НБК

4_пов.(НАб) – абонемент наукової літератури, НБК

4_пов.(ДБФ) – довідково-бібліографічний фонд, НБК

5_пов.(З/П) – зала періодичних видань, НБК

6_пов.(АХЛ) – абонемент художньої літератури, НБК

6_пов.(ЗІЛ) – зала літератури іноземними мовами, НБК

7_пов.(Хр) – книгосховище, НБК

8_пов.(РК) – книгосховище рідкісних видань та дисертацій, НБК

НБВ – інформаційно-бібліографічний відділ, НБК, 7 поверх

Ст.Аб. – студентський абонемент, НБК, 5 поверх

Філ №1 – філія № 1 (вул. Динамівська, 4)

Філ №2 – філія № 2 (вул. Пушкінська, 106)

Полт. фак. – Полтавський юридичний інститут, м. Полтава