Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого

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Зведений електронний каталог «Правова освіта. Правова культура»

Е-картотека "Публікації вчених НЮУ ім. Ярослава Мудрого в Scopus"

Законодавство України 1917-1945

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Eлектронний каталог (1729)

Зведений електронний каталог «Правова освіта. Правова культура» (28)

Законодавство України 1917-1945 (2)

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1.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tatsiy, Vasyl Y., Zhuravel, Vladimir A., Avdeeva, Galina K.
Заглавие : Independent forensic medical examination as a mean of proving the facts of a torture usage
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2019. - Vol. 72, Iss. 12, cz. 2. - P.2596-2601
УДК : 343.98 + 340.66
ББК : Х629.341.311 + Х629.4
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): medical documentation of torture--медицинская документация пыток--медична документація катувань--bodily harm--телесное повреждение--тілесне пошкодження--independent forensic medical examination--независимая судебно-медицинская экспертиза--незалежна судово-медична експертиза--medical standard--медицинский стандарт--медичний стандарт
Аннотация: Introduction: In most countries detainees are often subjected to physical and mental abuse by law enforcement officials, but very rarely victims of torture can prove the guilt of these offenders due to the poor quality of findings of state forensic medical and forensic psychiatric experts and due to inconsistency of their findings with international guidelines (Istanbul Protocol). The aim: To determine the role of forensic medical examination in the investigation of torture crimes, to provide arguments for necessity to security of the victim’s right to collect evidence independently, including through using of special knowledge of independent forensic medical and forensic psychiatric experts in criminal proceedings. Materials and methods: The authors used the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) Decisions on the complaints of the victims’ torture, international and Ukrainian human rights legal acts, the results of numerous torture investigations conducted by medical and criminalistics scientists. The research is carried out on the basis of a harmonious combination of philosophical approaches, general and special scientific methods. Conclusions: In order to exercise the rights of victims of torture in accordance with the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, and according to other international and Ukrainian legal acts on human rights the arguments given for the need to enable the victim to engage independent forensic medical and forensic psychiatric experts to provide their conclusions in torture-related criminal proceedings
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2.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : PubMed ID33611302/L49
Автор(ы) : Tiutiuhin, Volodymyr I., Baida, Anton O., Bazeliuk, Viktoriia V.
Заглавие : Legal restrictions on medical intervention during operation on female genitalia for non-medical purposes
Место публикации : Wiadomosci lekarskie. - 2020. - Vol. 73. Iss. 12 . cz. 2. - P.2909-2914
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bodily injury--телесное повреждение--тілесне пошкодження--consent to harm--согласие на вред--згода на шкоду--female circumcision--женское обрезание--жіноче обрізання--female genital mutilation--увечье женских половых органов--каліцтва жіночих статевих органів--gender discrimination--дискриминация по полу--дискримінація за статтю
Аннотация: OBJECTIVE: The aim: To identify problems associated with non-medical genital surgery and establish the limits of acceptable medical intervention in such operations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study is based on a theoretical basis, which includes reviews of legislation, reports from non-governmental organizations, and is based on empirical data: decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, international regulations, statistics of the World Health Organization. Systemic and structural, comparative legal and functional methods, systematization, analysis and synthesis were decisive in the research process. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: "Female genital mutilation" or "female circumcision" is essentially a separate type of bodily injury that is caused intentionally in accordance with various social domestic and religious traditions and beliefs of certain emigrant ethnical religious communities. Such actions are a form of discrimination and violation of women's rights on the basis of gender, as well as a form of child abuse, as the vast majority of such operations are carried out on girls under 12 years of age. Medical intervention in case of operations on female genitalia, including for non-therapeutic purposes, can be considered legitimate only with the informed consent of the patient and on conditions that the level of danger to human health from such intervention corresponds to the concept of personal autonomy, that is, it does not require direct state intervention for the reasons of urgent social necessity.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 340.13
Автор(ы) : Meliakova, Yuliia, Kovalenko, Inna, Kalnytskyi, Eduard, Kovalenko, Hanna
Заглавие : Performativity and self-exploitation: body significance in late capitalist era
Место публикации : Cogito. - 2021. - Vol. 13, Iss. 4. - P.7-29
УДК : 340.13
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biopolitics--commodification--corpora--neoliberalism--performativity--precarious--self-entrepreneurship--самопідприємництво--біополітика--комодифікація--неолібералізм--перформативність--філософія права--философия права--неолиберализм--биополитика
Аннотация: The paper represents a philosophical study of the social, political, legal, labour, cultural and anthropological status of a human in the contemporary environment of information technologies development, economic neoliberalism, limited employment, post-democracy, transhumanism, visual culture and pandemic. It attends to the performative practices of social activities, political will and human rights protection, which demonstrate the optimal opportunity of self-preservation and self-identity in the world of biopolitics and cognitive capitalism. The growth of the precariat is regarded as a catalyst of the opposite motion vectors: power activities and political subjects' activities. The performative actionism is viewed as a relevant strategy of human self-realisation in arts, politics, legal, commercial and business activities, as well as a kind of compensation for the human online existence in these areas. For a late capitalism autonomous individual, his or her corporeal and mental selfexploitation is considered as an effective integrative tactics.
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4.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Meliakova, Yuliia, Krapivnyk, Ganna, Kovalenko, Inna, Kalnytskyi, Eduard, Zhdanenko, Svitlana
Заглавие : Performance Conceptualism: From Semantics to Body Language
Место публикации : Wisdom. - 2022. - Vol. 21, Iss. 1. - P.139-153
УДК : 122/129
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): action art--agent--actionism--body--corporeity--gesture--installation--performance--performativity--presence--мистецтво дії--акціонізм--тілесність--жест--продуктивність--перформативність--искусство действия--акционизм--телесность--продуктивность--перфомативность
Аннотация: The research focuses on the philosophy of performative actionism. It refers to the contemporary practices of installations, happenings, monstrations and flash mobs on different topics as to the concept of pure action. Performance is regarded as the relevant understanding technique to manifest the currently popular dynamism principle of arts and philosophical anthropology. The research aims to analyse the art experience of the subject.s bodily actions to demonstrate their anthropological authenticity, social significance, legal value, epistemological activity, and political will. As a result, authors conclude that non-semantic silent performances reveal limited possibilities of modern human self-realisation despite having several rights, freedoms and technologies to improve their lives. Performance is viewed as a conceptual model of individual functioning in the polyontic reality. As an alternative to the linguistic one, self-representation through performance is a rather flawed but relevant means of showing the nature of the subject.s existence in the contemporary social, legal, political and cultural environment.
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5.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 343.9.02/O-75
Автор(ы) : Orlovskyi, Ruslan, Us, Olga, Shevchuk, Viktor
Заглавие : Committing a Criminal Offence by an Organized Criminal Group
Место публикации : Pakistan Journal of Criminology. - 2022. - Vol. 14, Iss. 2: Special Issue on Criminal Law in Ukraine. - P.32-45
Примечания : References : p. 42-45
УДК : 343.9.02
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): criminogenic situation--destructive social consequences--modernisation of legislation--penitentiary system--shadow economy--організована злочинність--криміногенна ситуація--деструктивні соціальні наслідки--модернізація законодавства--пенітенціарна система--тіньова економіка--организованная преступность--криминогенная ситуация--пенитенциарная система--теневая экономика
Аннотация: Offences by criminal organisations are a particularly dangerous and destructive type of crime for both society and the state. This type of crime carries immense potential in the financial and economic spheres, which are not controlled by the state and society. The paper aimed to analyse existing international standards and methods of countering organised crime at the international level. In addition, the most important and relevant obstacles to the joint international fight against this phenomenon are examined. The study applies, along with general scientific methods, a number of special methods, to which induction, deduction, event analysis, and content analysis can be attributed. Moreover, the research methods are complemented by the use of a systematic approach. The study includes a detailed analysis of various types of international cooperation in the field of combating organised crime. The conducted study has shown that in the legal doctrine of Ukraine, the criminal concept of "commitment of a criminal offence by an organised group" is ambiguous: on the one hand, it is considered a social phenomenon (a real, conscious, volitional complex act of creating an organised group for the purpose of committing a crime or joining it at the stage of organising such a criminal association or a conscious, volitional act committed by a person as part of an organised group at the stage of its functioning).The study can also be used for the scientific and theoretical substantiation of further elaboration of actions to counteract the above type of offences.
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6.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Momot, Tetiana, Chekh, Nataliia, Prylypko, Sergii, Filonych, Olena, Cherednychenko, Oleksandr
Заглавие : Corruption in business: motives and influence on shadow economy
Место публикации : Business: Theory and Practice. - 2023. - Vol. 24, Iss. 1. - P.206-215
Примечания : References : p. 213-214
УДК : 346.2:[343.9.024:336.7]
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): business activity--business-to-business (b2b) corruption--corruption--corruption-related decision--economic freedom--shadow economy--підприємницька діяльність--корупція бізнес-бізнес--корупція--економічна свобода--тіньова економіка
Аннотация: The paper devoted to the research of the corruption offenses in the activity of business entities which are quite a common phenomenon that causes serious moral, economic and political problems, hinders development and distorts fair competition. The purpose of the study is to reveal the distinguishing peculiarities of corruption in business to business relations and special features of the behavior of the corrupt company employee in the context of corruption influence on the level of the shadow economy of Ukraine. The differences between employment in the public and private sectors are highlighted. Analyzing relevant literature, the paper offers a model of corruption-related decision-making of an enterprise employee that takes into account all the factors that may influence a choice of involvement in the corruption offenses. The main causes of corruption in business are viewed as the competitive advantages the company can gain and the level of corruption around it. The research proves that the company can start participating in corrupt practices because many representatives of the business environment are involved in it, claiming that it is the only way to survive. The paper proves the impact of corruption on the level of shadow economy on the example of Ukraine. The essence and constituent ele-ments of the shadow economy are revealed, as well as the negative consequences of the shadow economy, the spread of which is facilitated by corruption in the authorities and government. We proved that the higher level of corruption in the public sphere will result in a higher level of corruption inside the business environment. We proved that special attention should be given to the corruption in business relations as a sub-set of a general corruption phenomenon. The suggested by authors model of corruption-related decision making in business to business relations facilitates better understanding of the true nature of the business corruption phenomenon and development of well thought anti-corruption measures both on company and government levels.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gutorova, Nataliya, Rachynska, Valeriia, Gnedik, Yevhen
Заглавие : HIV criminalization's origins, enforcement, and social impacts
Место публикации : Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski Polish Medical Journal. - 2023. - Vol. 51, Iss. 6. - P.624-631
УДК : 341.4 + 343.412
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bodily harm--criminal law--тілесні ушкодження--кримінальне право--human rights --права людини--public health--громадське здоров'я--stigmatization--стигматизація
Аннотация: This article aims to raise awareness and stimulate serious discussion about the ineffectiveness of HIV criminalization and its impact on human rights and public health and to propose improvements in criminal law regulation. The study is based on the empirical and analytical data of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, the World Health Organization, legal acts, drafts legal acts, legal practice, and statistics of Ukraine, legal acts of the USA, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. In total, 21 laws, drafts of laws, other documents, and 26 court decisions were analyzed. Dialectical, comparative, analytical, synthetic, systemic, sociological, induction, and deduction research methods were applied. The criminalization of HIV stems from a lack of awareness among policymakers and society about advances in medical science and ways to control the epidemic. Such regulation is ineffective, leads to stigmatization of people living with HIV, and has a negative impact on the epidemic. Causing harm to a person's health by intentionally infecting a person with a severe infectious disease could be criminalized under the general norm on bodily harm, excluding the stigmatization of patients with certain nosologies.
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